{"id":5553,"date":"2023-10-05T08:00:04","date_gmt":"2023-10-05T08:00:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=5553"},"modified":"2023-10-04T23:06:56","modified_gmt":"2023-10-04T23:06:56","slug":"haedst-staedst-smaedst-og-faedst","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2023\/10\/05\/haedst-staedst-smaedst-og-faedst\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00e6\u00f0st, st\u00e6\u00f0st, sm\u00e6\u00f0st og f\u00e6\u00f0st"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd fyrradag voru h\u00e9r nefndar myndir eins og <em>h\u00e6\u00f0sti<\/em> og <em>h\u00e6\u00f0sta<\/em> sem fyrirspyrjandi sag\u00f0ist oft heyra og sj\u00e1, og spur\u00f0i hvort \u00feetta v\u00e6ri einhver m\u00e1lbreyting. Vissulega m\u00e1 \u00fearna tala um m\u00e1lbreytingu en h\u00fan er fjarri \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vera n\u00fd. Bj\u00f6rn Karel \u00de\u00f3r\u00f3lfsson segir \u00ed b\u00f3kinni <em>Um \u00edslenskar or\u00f0myndir \u00e1 14. og 15. \u00f6ld<\/em>: \u201e\u00cd efsta stigi af h\u00e1r er fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed \u00e1 16. \u00f6ld stundum skoti\u00f0 inn <em>\u00f0<\/em>-i, af \u00e1hrifum nafnor\u00f0ins <em>h\u00e6\u00f0<\/em>. [\u2026] Rith\u00e1tturinn me\u00f0 <em>\u00f0<\/em>-i er mj\u00f6g algengur \u00e1 17. og 18. \u00f6ld [\u2026].\u201c Fleiri hli\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0 d\u00e6mi m\u00e1 nefna \u2013 rith\u00e1tturinn <em>st\u00e6\u00f0stur<\/em> fyrir <em>st\u00e6rstur<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/onp.ku.dk\/onp\/onp.php?c624461&amp;fbclid=IwAR3EY24om-BrT2GOrQdRAbsEh4Dm96FOP757OfUbxkexd9JBTHEezPn2XNI\">kemur fyrir<\/a> um 1700 og \u00ed <em>\u00cdslensk-danskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>fr\u00e1 1920-1924 eru myndirnar <em>h\u00e6stur<\/em>, <em>st\u00e6rstur<\/em>, <em>sm\u00e6stur <\/em>og <em>f\u00e6stur <\/em>hlj\u00f3\u00f0rita\u00f0ar b\u00e6\u00f0i me\u00f0 og \u00e1n <em>\u00f0<\/em> en <em>\u00f0<\/em>-myndirnar sag\u00f0ar \u201epop.\u201c, \u00fe.e. tilheyra hversdags(tal)m\u00e1li.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c1\u00f0ur en stafsetning var samr\u00e6md og almenn stafsetningarkennsla h\u00f3fst skrifa\u00f0i f\u00f3lk meira og minna eftir frambur\u00f0i og myndir me\u00f0 <em>\u00f0<\/em> sj\u00e1st \u00fev\u00ed oft \u00ed eldri ritum eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur segir. En \u00e1 20. \u00f6ld \u00feegar fari\u00f0 var a\u00f0 kenna stafsetningarreglur sem mi\u00f0u\u00f0ust vi\u00f0 stofn or\u00f0a var <em>\u00f0<\/em>-i\u00f0 bannf\u00e6rt eins og G\u00edsli J\u00f3nsson <a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/page\/1641327?iabr=on&amp;fbclid=IwAR3LrnGBAbv4he7Jm_lOoAZsIbzmafHZZuIo_HUu4210Q4IveF1VBQhwldI#page\/n20\/mode\/1up\/\">\u00fatsk\u00fdr\u00f0i<\/a> \u00ed <em>Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1986: \u201eEfsta stig l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0a er mynda\u00f0 af <strong>stofninum <\/strong>og stofn l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0a kemur fram \u00ed <strong>kvenkyni<\/strong>. Kvenkyni\u00f0 af <strong>h\u00e1r <\/strong>er <strong>h\u00e1<\/strong>, og \u00fear af kemur me\u00f0 i-hlj\u00f3\u00f0varpi <strong>h\u00e6stur <\/strong>(ekkert <strong>r<\/strong> af \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er ekki \u00ed kvenkyninu, og \u00fev\u00ed s\u00ed\u00f0ur <strong>\u00f0<\/strong>). Kvenkyni\u00f0 af <strong>st\u00f3r <\/strong>er l\u00edka <strong>st\u00f3r<\/strong>, af \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 h\u00e9r er <strong>r<\/strong>-i\u00f0 stofnl\u00e6gt, og \u00fev\u00ed ver\u00f0ur efsta stig (einnig me\u00f0 i-hlj\u00f3\u00f0varpi) <strong>st\u00e6rstur<\/strong>. H\u00e9r \u00e1 <strong>r<\/strong>-i\u00f0 heima, samanber kvenkyni\u00f0, en a\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfs\u00f6g\u00f0u ekkert <strong>\u00f0<\/strong>.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd greininni \u201eNokkrar athuganir \u00e1 rith\u00e6tti \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0sagnahandrita \u00ed safni J\u00f3ns \u00c1rnasonar\u201c sem \u00c1rni B\u00f6\u00f0varsson gaf \u00fat \u00ed <em>Studia Islandica <\/em>1960 <a href=\"https:\/\/l.facebook.com\/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Ftimarit.is%2Fpage%2F7460351%3Fiabr%3Don%26fbclid%3DIwAR0sygcFBCyZaxZd-8swShruYcwshb8qfBBTIMpvhEemkT8DIKAIpL6jeC8%23page%2Fn16%2Fmode%2F1up%2F&amp;h=AT13IaHkBOxhakQjJnMgzfv58pHUgSO9gMgk_KtgQxuqGuTtgbayDjaF_nLoR2DKWGB6In6mvkrwl5nGuh7Ox1f-29vT8nT0Becp7EJO3hZZh5fUAMeWxNbnzPTSPfRhIg&amp;__tn__=-UK-R&amp;c%5b0%5d=AT1e5hqsDIzjAf6Zu0DYTP1Gp9gjApmETxLobYjr0m1aYC4FF2ce5c7XHrxJVrWP8DPb4M3V4NkQi6qzXGUfdNvMkpixz1tw7WYFD8JSN1F7Hidz4YVsQdpD173YLCAXeNw7jWRtEEppO6Tm3WXbtIy-tDKTD04n\">segir<\/a>: \u201eAl\u00feekkt er a\u00f0 sk\u00f3lanemendur n\u00fa \u00e1 d\u00f6gum riti <em>h\u00e6\u00f0stur <\/em>fyrir ,,h\u00e6stur\u201c \u00ed \u00fdmsum fallmyndum or\u00f0sins, og er \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 almennan frambur\u00f0. [\u2026] Sami rith\u00e1ttur er og algengur \u00ed or\u00f0inu \u201est\u00e6rstur\u201c, sem \u00fe\u00e1 er rita\u00f0 <em>st\u00e6\u00f0stur<\/em> eftir frambur\u00f0i.\u201c \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 a\u00f0 b\u00e6\u00f0i <em>h\u00e6\u00f0stur <\/em>og <em>st\u00e6\u00f0stur <\/em>hafi veri\u00f0 venjulegur frambur\u00f0ur upp \u00far mi\u00f0ri s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00f6ld \u2013 og t\u00ed\u00f0kast a\u00f0 einhverju leyti enn \u00fe\u00f3tt l\u00edklega s\u00e9 hann \u00e1 undanhaldi. \u00deannig <a href=\"https:\/\/l.facebook.com\/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Ftimarit.is%2Fpage%2F6764007%3Fiabr%3Don%26fbclid%3DIwAR15cx_na-v36Xp5FjjBXMHXxHxfB9g_MWGFv1UuloRKqH-u4mO9WBKj7w0%23page%2Fn25%2Fmode%2F1up%2F&amp;h=AT1ahy4toWRMoE6SGHVV_WbOv9sJ5vB7UfK__aiVHTFl_XRwDv4SihNn062LyJmf8MuFDdVkzoYTafisTEi9zVjZGRQj1Uhfa_pu4rV_uIZ6-275Mm_9e1Y2ONJ5ubKGEA&amp;__tn__=-UK-R&amp;c%5b0%5d=AT1e5hqsDIzjAf6Zu0DYTP1Gp9gjApmETxLobYjr0m1aYC4FF2ce5c7XHrxJVrWP8DPb4M3V4NkQi6qzXGUfdNvMkpixz1tw7WYFD8JSN1F7Hidz4YVsQdpD173YLCAXeNw7jWRtEEppO6Tm3WXbtIy-tDKTD04n\">segir<\/a> Eva S. \u00d3lafsd\u00f3ttir \u00ed <em>Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>2016: \u201eJafnframt heyrast enn villur sem \u00e9g man eftir fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00e9g var barn, \u00fe.e. [\u2026] *h\u00e6\u00f0stur (h\u00e6stur) og *st\u00e6\u00f0stur (st\u00e6rstur).\u201c<\/p>\n<p>En \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir meira en hundra\u00f0 \u00e1ra stafsetningarkennslu og pr\u00f3farkalestur hafa myndir me\u00f0 <em>\u00f0 <\/em>alla t\u00ed\u00f0 laumast inn \u00ed rita\u00f0 m\u00e1l eins og \u00c1rni B\u00f6\u00f0varsson nefnir. \u00c1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> er \u00feannig \u00e1 fj\u00f3r\u00f0a \u00fe\u00fasund d\u00e6ma um <em>h\u00e6\u00f0st-<\/em> og um 400 um <em>st\u00e6\u00f0st- <\/em>en hins vegar ekki nema t\u00e6plega 80 um <em>sm\u00e6\u00f0st- <\/em>og innan vi\u00f0 20 um <em>f\u00e6\u00f0st-<\/em>. \u00cd <em>Risam\u00e1lheildinni <\/em>sem a\u00f0allega hefur a\u00f0 geyma texta fr\u00e1 \u00feessari \u00f6ld er \u00e1 fj\u00f3r\u00f0a \u00fe\u00fasund d\u00e6ma um <em>h\u00e6\u00f0st- <\/em>og h\u00e1tt \u00e1 \u00feri\u00f0ja \u00fe\u00fasund um <em>st\u00e6\u00f0st- <\/em>en a\u00f0eins fimm um <em>sm\u00e6\u00f0st-<\/em> og engin um <em>f\u00e6\u00f0st-<\/em>. N\u00e6stum \u00f6ll d\u00e6min um <em>\u00f0<\/em>-myndirnar, um 95% \u00feeirra, eru af samf\u00e9lagsmi\u00f0lum. \u00cd \u00f3formlegu ritm\u00e1li eru myndirnar <em>h\u00e6\u00f0st- <\/em>og <em>st\u00e6\u00f0st-<\/em> greinilega sprelllifandi sem bendir til a\u00f0 frambur\u00f0ur me\u00f0 <em>\u00f0<\/em> s\u00e9 \u00fea\u00f0 l\u00edka \u2013 <em>sm\u00e6\u00f0st- <\/em>og <em>f\u00e6\u00f0st- <\/em>er hins vegar horfi\u00f0.<\/p>\n<p>Myndina <em>h\u00e6\u00f0st- <\/em>m\u00e1 sk\u00fdra me\u00f0 \u00e1hrif fr\u00e1 nafnor\u00f0inu <em>h\u00e6\u00f0<\/em> eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur segir \u2013 en hva\u00f0 me\u00f0 <em>st\u00e6\u00f0st-<\/em>, <em>sm\u00e6\u00f0st- <\/em>og <em>f\u00e6\u00f0st-<\/em>? \u00cd <em>sm\u00e6\u00f0st-<\/em> g\u00e6ti veri\u00f0 um \u00e1hrif fr\u00e1 nafnor\u00f0inu <em>sm\u00e6\u00f0<\/em> a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a, en hin or\u00f0in tv\u00f6 eiga s\u00e9r engin skyld or\u00f0 me\u00f0 <em>\u00f0<\/em>. Tr\u00falegt er a\u00f0 <em>\u00f0<\/em>-i\u00f0 hafi komi\u00f0 inn \u00ed efsta stig \u00feeirra fyrir \u00e1hrif fr\u00e1 <em>h\u00e6\u00f0st-<\/em> \u2013 m\u00e1lnotendum hefur fundist a\u00f0 \u00fear sem mi\u00f0stig or\u00f0anna hef\u00f0i sama hlj\u00f3\u00f0afar, <em>h\u00e6rri<\/em>, <em>st\u00e6rri<\/em>, <em>sm\u00e6rri<\/em> og <em>f\u00e6rri<\/em>, hlyti \u00fea\u00f0 sama a\u00f0 gilda um efsta stigi\u00f0. Frambur\u00f0ur me\u00f0 <em>\u00f0 <\/em>\u00e1 s\u00e9r aldagamla hef\u00f0 og \u00e9g er \u00f3samm\u00e1la<em> M\u00e1lfarsbankanum <\/em>sem <a href=\"https:\/\/l.facebook.com\/l.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fmalfar.arnastofnun.is%2Fgrein%2F66504%3Ffbclid%3DIwAR1eKf029T-5T94i7mmj42_HDmS5vrwy4MCYXJ-vOjSbHmUejyWlMhpeaBU&amp;h=AT1BgOiBgIvY0gtOYQOePPLKoFi1xp_wjPU9HUvlo4SONfqml8kO9VMsrv_GCykFKX9O_Gd0D5b46EwbTrtmzhGG3u5aBZKWrrWMdeNxeOBy4u82cdfK2ud_2r1GeDBDBg&amp;__tn__=-UK-R&amp;c%5b0%5d=AT1e5hqsDIzjAf6Zu0DYTP1Gp9gjApmETxLobYjr0m1aYC4FF2ce5c7XHrxJVrWP8DPb4M3V4NkQi6qzXGUfdNvMkpixz1tw7WYFD8JSN1F7Hidz4YVsQdpD173YLCAXeNw7jWRtEEppO6Tm3WXbtIy-tDKTD04n\">segir<\/a>: \u201eEkki \u00e1 a\u00f0 heyrast neitt <em>\u00f0<\/em>-hlj\u00f3\u00f0 \u00ed frambur\u00f0i or\u00f0sins h\u00e6stur.\u201c En af hagkv\u00e6mnis\u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0um sty\u00f0 \u00e9g samr\u00e6mda stafsetningu og m\u00e6li \u00fev\u00ed me\u00f0 a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 h\u00f6ldum okkur vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 skrifa efsta stig or\u00f0anna \u00e1n <em>\u00f0<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd fyrradag voru h\u00e9r nefndar myndir eins og h\u00e6\u00f0sti og h\u00e6\u00f0sta sem fyrirspyrjandi sag\u00f0ist oft heyra og sj\u00e1, og spur\u00f0i hvort \u00feetta v\u00e6ri einhver m\u00e1lbreyting. Vissulega m\u00e1 \u00fearna tala um m\u00e1lbreytingu en h\u00fan er fjarri \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vera n\u00fd. Bj\u00f6rn Karel \u00de\u00f3r\u00f3lfsson segir \u00ed b\u00f3kinni Um \u00edslenskar or\u00f0myndir \u00e1 14. og 15. \u00f6ld: \u201e\u00cd efsta [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5553","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5553","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5553"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5553\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5555,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5553\/revisions\/5555"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5553"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5553"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5553"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}