{"id":5625,"date":"2023-10-25T08:00:18","date_gmt":"2023-10-25T08:00:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=5625"},"modified":"2023-10-24T14:28:28","modified_gmt":"2023-10-24T14:28:28","slug":"var-islenskan-fullkomin-um-1950","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2023\/10\/25\/var-islenskan-fullkomin-um-1950\/","title":{"rendered":"Var \u00edslenskan fullkomin um 1950?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Um daginn rakst \u00e9g \u00e1 grein me\u00f0 titlinum \u201eN\u00fdja Fj\u00f6lnismenn\u201c \u00ed Fr\u00e9ttabla\u00f0inu <\/em>2010. \u00dear segir<\/a>: \u201eUndir lok \u00e1tj\u00e1ndu aldar var \u00edslenzkan or\u00f0in mj\u00f6g l\u00fain og d\u00f6nskuskotin, \u00fe\u00f3tt f\u00f3lk \u00ed sveitum landsins hafi eflaust enn\u00fe\u00e1 kunna\u00f0 gamla g\u00f3\u00f0a m\u00e1li\u00f0. A\u00f0 frumkv\u00e6\u00f0i danska m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0ingsins Rasmusar Rasks h\u00f3fu Fj\u00f6lnismenn, me\u00f0 sk\u00e1ldi\u00f0 J\u00f3nas Hallgr\u00edmsson \u00ed farabroddi, a\u00f0 hreinsa m\u00e1li\u00f0 og t\u00f3kst a\u00f0 endurreisa \u00fea\u00f0, svo a\u00f0 n\u00e6stu hundra\u00f0 \u00e1rin e\u00f0a fram yfir 1950 var h\u00e9r t\u00f6lu\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0 \u00edslenzka.\u201c Eftir \u00fea\u00f0 hefur m\u00e1linu fari\u00f0 hnignandi a\u00f0 mati greinarh\u00f6fundar sem spyr: \u201eHverjum er um a\u00f0 kenna, a\u00f0 m\u00e1li\u00f0 er \u00e1 lei\u00f0 til fjandans\u201c? og er sannarlega ekki einn um \u00fe\u00e1 sko\u00f0un eins og sj\u00e1 m\u00e1 \u00ed M\u00e1lv\u00f6ndunar\u00fe\u00e6ttinum \u00e1 Facebook, \u00a0athugasemdad\u00e1lkum vefmi\u00f0la o.v.<\/p>\n

En af m\u00e1lfarsumr\u00e6\u00f0u \u00ed \u00edslenskum bl\u00f6\u00f0um \u00e1 \u00e1runum kringum 1950 ver\u00f0ur sannarlega ekki dregin s\u00fa \u00e1lyktun a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 hafi veri\u00f0 t\u00f6lu\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0 \u00edslenska \u00e1 \u00cdslandi. \u00devert \u00e1 m\u00f3ti \u2013 sjaldan hefur eins miki\u00f0 veri\u00f0 skrifa\u00f0 um hvers kyns \u201em\u00e1lvillur\u201c sem va\u00f0i uppi og \u00e1 \u00feessum t\u00edma. H\u00e9r voru n\u00fdlega<\/a> tekin nokkur d\u00e6mi fr\u00e1 fimmta og sj\u00f6tta \u00e1ratugnum um ford\u00e6mingu \u201e\u00fe\u00e1gufallss\u00fdki\u201c og \u00f3tal \u00f6nnur d\u00e6mi m\u00e6tti taka. En \u00fea\u00f0 er athyglisvert a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 flestar \u00fe\u00e6r \u201em\u00e1lvillur\u201c sem voru komnar fram og or\u00f0nar \u00fatbreiddar fyrir 1950 er veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 gera athugasemdir enn \u00ed dag. \u00dea\u00f0 er t\u00e1knr\u00e6nt a\u00f0 1950 er einmitt d\u00e1nar\u00e1r Bj\u00f6rns Gu\u00f0finnssonar pr\u00f3fessors sem \u00ed huga margra er holdgervingur r\u00e9tts m\u00e1ls. \u00dea\u00f0 er eins og umr\u00e6\u00f0an hafi sta\u00f0na\u00f0 vi\u00f0 l\u00e1t hans og m\u00e1lsta\u00f0allinn steingerst.<\/p>\n

\u00c1ri\u00f0 1986 var \u00ed fyrsta sinn sett fram skilgreining \u00e1 \u201er\u00e9ttu\u201c m\u00e1li og \u201er\u00f6ngu\u201c, \u00ed \u00e1litsger\u00f0 s\u00e9rstakrar nefndar sem menntam\u00e1lar\u00e1\u00f0herra skipa\u00f0i. \u00dear segir: \u201eNau\u00f0synlegt er a\u00f0 \u00e1tta sig vel \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 r\u00e9tt m\u00e1l <\/strong>er \u00fea\u00f0 sem er \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 m\u00e1l\u00advenju, rangt <\/strong>er \u00fea\u00f0 sem br\u00fdtur \u00ed b\u00e1ga vi\u00f0 m\u00e1l\u00advenju.\u201c \u00c1ri\u00f0 2002 svara\u00f0i<\/a> Ari P\u00e1ll Kristinsson ranns\u00f3knarpr\u00f3fessor spurningunni \u201eHva\u00f0 er r\u00e9tt og hva\u00f0 er rangt \u00ed m\u00e1li\u201c \u00e1 svipa\u00f0an h\u00e1tt \u00e1 V\u00edsindavef <\/em>H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands: \u201eR\u00e9tt \u00edslenskt m\u00e1l er m\u00e1lnotkun sem samr\u00e6mist (einhverri) \u00edslenskri m\u00e1lvenju en rangt \u00edslenskt m\u00e1l samr\u00fdmist engri \u00edslenskri m\u00e1lvenju.\u201c Ari P\u00e1ll var \u00e1 \u00feessum t\u00edma forst\u00f6\u00f0uma\u00f0ur \u00cdslenskrar m\u00e1lst\u00f6\u00f0var og \u00fev\u00ed m\u00e1 segja a\u00f0 \u00feetta komist eins n\u00e1l\u00e6gt \u00fev\u00ed og ver\u00f0a m\u00e1 a\u00f0 vera opinber skilgreining \u00e1 \u201er\u00e9ttu\u201c m\u00e1li og \u201er\u00f6ngu\u201c.<\/p>\n

Samt er enn veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 amast vi\u00f0 s\u00f6mu atri\u00f0unum og um 1950 og telja \u00feau \u00fdmist r\u00f6ng e\u00f0a \u00f3\u00e6skileg \u2013 \u00ed M\u00e1lfarsbankanum<\/em>, \u00ed Handb\u00f3k um \u00edslensku<\/em>, \u00ed m\u00e1lfarspistlum \u00ed fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lum, \u00ed Facebookh\u00f3pum, \u00ed kennslub\u00f3kum, \u00ed samr\u00e6mdum pr\u00f3fum (me\u00f0an \u00feau t\u00ed\u00f0ku\u00f0ust) og v\u00ed\u00f0ar. \u00deetta eru atri\u00f0i eins og \u201e\u00fe\u00e1gufallss\u00fdki\u201c, hendi <\/em>e\u00f0a hend<\/em> \u00ed sta\u00f0 h\u00f6nd<\/em>, vera ofan \u00ed<\/em> \u00ed sta\u00f0 vera ni\u00f0ri \u00ed<\/em>, \u00feora \u00fev\u00ed <\/em>\u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00feora \u00fea\u00f0<\/em>, keyra m\u00e9r<\/em> \u00ed sta\u00f0 keyra mig<\/em>, h\u00e6\u00f0st <\/em>og st\u00e6\u00f0st<\/em> \u00ed sta\u00f0 h\u00e6st <\/em>og st\u00e6rst<\/em>, f\u00f6\u00f0urs <\/em>\u00ed sta\u00f0 f\u00f6\u00f0ur<\/em>, for\u00f0a slysi<\/em> \u00ed sta\u00f0 for\u00f0a fr\u00e1 slysi<\/em> e\u00f0a for\u00f0ast slys<\/em>, \u00feaga \u00ed hel <\/em>\u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00feegja \u00ed hel<\/em>, \u00e1 <\/em>og h\u00e1<\/em> \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00e6ja<\/em> og heyja<\/em>, og \u00f3talm\u00f6rg \u00f6nnur. Allt eru \u00feetta \u00fe\u00f3 tilbrig\u00f0i sem voru komin fram fyrir 1950 og eru \u00f3tv\u00edr\u00e6tt r\u00e9tt m\u00e1l <\/strong>samkv\u00e6mt skilgreiningunni sem v\u00edsa\u00f0 er \u00ed h\u00e9r a\u00f0 framan.<\/p>\n

\u00cd grein \u00ed Ritinu <\/em>2013 segir<\/a> H\u00f6skuldur \u00der\u00e1insson pr\u00f3fessor fr\u00e1 n\u00e1mskei\u00f0i sem hann var me\u00f0 vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands vori\u00f0 2012 og h\u00e9t \u201eEru m\u00e1lvillur r\u00e9tt m\u00e1l.\u201c \u00dear fengu nemendur \u201e\u00fea\u00f0 verkefni a\u00f0 sko\u00f0a hvort einhver \u00feeirra atri\u00f0a sem menn hef\u00f0u fundi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00ed bl\u00f6\u00f0um og t\u00edmaritum snemma \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00f6ld virtust hafa li\u00f0i\u00f0 undir lok, horfi\u00f0 \u00far m\u00e1linu e\u00f0a h\u00f6rfa\u00f0 umtalsvert \u00feegar lei\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00f6ldina e\u00f0a \u00ed upphafi \u00feessarar. \u00dear er skemmst fr\u00e1 a\u00f0 segja a\u00f0 yfirleitt var ekki h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 finna nein d\u00e6mi um sl\u00edkan \u00e1rangur<\/strong>. [\u2026] \u00cd a\u00f0alatri\u00f0um virtust menn sem s\u00e9 vera a\u00f0 hjakka \u00e1r eftir \u00e1r og \u00e1ratug eftir \u00e1ratug \u00ed s\u00f6mu atri\u00f0unum \u00ed \u00feessum m\u00e1lfarsathugasemdum, m.a. \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gufallss\u00fdkinni alr\u00e6mdu. \u00dea\u00f0 bendir til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00e1rangurinn hafi ekki or\u00f0i\u00f0 mj\u00f6g mikill.\u201c<\/p>\n

M\u00e1lfarsumr\u00e6\u00f0a \u00e1 \u00feessum n\u00f3tum er \u00f3tr\u00falega \u00f3frj\u00f3 og gagnsl\u00edtil og sannarlega ekki til \u00feess fallin a\u00f0 efla \u00e1huga ungs f\u00f3lks \u00e1 \u00edslenskunni. En ekki n\u00f3g me\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 \u2013 h\u00fan getur beinl\u00ednis gert ska\u00f0a. H\u00f6skuldur segir<\/a>: \u201eLei\u00f0r\u00e9tting \u00e1 st\u00f6ku atri\u00f0i sem sty\u00f0st vi\u00f0 reglu \u00ed m\u00e1li \u00feess sem \u00ed hlut \u00e1 getur gert hann \u00f3\u00f6ruggan, valdi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 hann h\u00e6ttir a\u00f0 treysta m\u00e1lkennd sinni og jafnvel ey\u00f0ilagt regluna \u00ed m\u00e1li hans og \u00feannig \u00ed raun valdi\u00f0 m\u00e1lspj\u00f6llum.\u201c Vi\u00f0 \u00feurfum a\u00f0 h\u00e6tta a\u00f0 amast vi\u00f0 tilbrig\u00f0um sem komu upp fyrir m\u00f6rgum \u00e1ratugum, hafa n\u00e1\u00f0 til verulegs hluta \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar og eru \u00f3tv\u00edr\u00e6tt \u201er\u00e9tt m\u00e1l\u201c samkv\u00e6mt vi\u00f0urkenndri skilgreiningu \u2013 vi\u00f0 \u00feurfum a\u00f0 \u00feora a\u00f0 vi\u00f0urkenna \u00feessi tilbrig\u00f0i sem g\u00f3\u00f0a og gilda \u00edslensku. \u00cdslenskan m\u00e1 nefnilega vera alls konar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Um daginn rakst \u00e9g \u00e1 grein me\u00f0 titlinum \u201eN\u00fdja Fj\u00f6lnismenn\u201c \u00ed Fr\u00e9ttabla\u00f0inu 2010. \u00dear segir: \u201eUndir lok \u00e1tj\u00e1ndu aldar var \u00edslenzkan or\u00f0in mj\u00f6g l\u00fain og d\u00f6nskuskotin, \u00fe\u00f3tt f\u00f3lk \u00ed sveitum landsins hafi eflaust enn\u00fe\u00e1 kunna\u00f0 gamla g\u00f3\u00f0a m\u00e1li\u00f0. A\u00f0 frumkv\u00e6\u00f0i danska m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0ingsins Rasmusar Rasks h\u00f3fu Fj\u00f6lnismenn, me\u00f0 sk\u00e1ldi\u00f0 J\u00f3nas Hallgr\u00edmsson \u00ed farabroddi, a\u00f0 hreinsa m\u00e1li\u00f0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5625","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5625","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5625"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5625\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5630,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5625\/revisions\/5630"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5625"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5625"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5625"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}