{"id":5663,"date":"2023-11-06T08:00:32","date_gmt":"2023-11-06T08:00:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=5663"},"modified":"2023-11-06T14:59:01","modified_gmt":"2023-11-06T14:59:01","slug":"vopnahle-eda-hvild","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2023\/11\/06\/vopnahle-eda-hvild\/","title":{"rendered":"Vopnahl\u00e9 e\u00f0a hv\u00edld"},"content":{"rendered":"

Eitt algengasta og mikilv\u00e6gasta or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0um \u00feessa dagana er vopnahl\u00e9<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 or\u00f0 er gamalt \u00ed m\u00e1linu en kemur \u00fe\u00f3 ekki fyrir \u00ed forns\u00f6gum \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir mikinn fj\u00f6lda bardagal\u00fdsinga \u00ed \u00feeim. Elstu d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 eru \u00ed Minnisver\u00f0um t\u00ed\u00f0indum <\/em>fr\u00e1 lokum 18. aldar \u2013 \u201ehann l\u00e9t s\u00e9r \u00ed t\u00edma segiast og keypti s\u00e9r vopna-hl\u00e9 uns fridur \u00e1ki\u00e6mi\u201c 1797 og \u201e\u00e1leit Pignatelli, \u00fea\u00f0 naudsynlegt, a\u00f0 tilbj\u00f3da franska Herfor\u00edngjanum vopnahl\u00e9\u201c 1798. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 var algengt strax \u00e1 seinni hluta 19. aldar en t\u00ed\u00f0nin margfalda\u00f0ist vi\u00f0 lok fyrri heimsstyrjaldarinnar. \u00dea\u00f0 dr\u00f3 \u00far notkun or\u00f0sins \u00e1 millistr\u00ed\u00f0s\u00e1runum en allt fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 f\u00f3r a\u00f0 hilla undir lok seinni heimsstyrjaldarinnar hefur \u00fea\u00f0 veri\u00f0 mj\u00f6g algengt, enda ekkert l\u00e1t \u00e1 hvers kyns styrj\u00f6ldum og sk\u00e6rum.<\/p>\n

Eitt d\u00e6mi<\/a> er um hl\u00e9 <\/em>\u00ed \u00feessari merkingu \u00ed fornm\u00e1li \u2013 \u201e\u00fe\u00e1 er nokku\u00f0 hl\u00e9 var\u00f0 \u00e1 bardaganum\u201c segir \u00ed R\u00f3mverja s\u00f6gu<\/em>. En annars er nota\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 hv\u00edld<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 gat vissulega l\u00edka merkt<\/a> '\u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 hv\u00edla sig' eins og \u00fea\u00f0 gerir enn, en \u00ed langflestum d\u00e6mum um or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed \u00cdslendingas\u00f6gum<\/em>, Sturlungu<\/em> og Heimskringlu<\/em> er \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3 nota\u00f0 um hl\u00e9 \u00e1 bardaga. \u00cd Brennu-Nj\u00e1ls s\u00f6gu <\/em>segir: \u201e\u00deeir t\u00f3ku hv\u00edld og s\u00f3ttu a\u00f0 \u00ed anna\u00f0 sinn.\u201c \u00cd Egils s\u00f6gu <\/em>segir: \u201e\u00de\u00e1 beiddist Lj\u00f3tur hv\u00edldar.\u201c \u00cd G\u00edsla s\u00f6gu <\/em>segir: \u201eVer\u00f0ur n\u00fa hv\u00edld \u00e1 a\u00f0s\u00f3kninni.\u201c \u00cd Hei\u00f0arv\u00edga s\u00f6gu<\/em> segir: \u201eN\u00fa ver\u00f0ur \u00e1 hv\u00edld nokkur og binda menn s\u00e1r s\u00edn.\u201c \u00cd Heimskringlu <\/em>segir: \u201eEftir \u00feetta var\u00f0 hv\u00edld \u00e1 orustu og greiddust s\u00e9r hvor skipin.\u201c \u00cd Sturlungu <\/em>segir: \u201e\u00deeir b\u00f6r\u00f0ust lengi n\u00e6tur og t\u00f3ku hv\u00edldir sem vi\u00f0 skinnleik.\u201c<\/p>\n

Nokkur d\u00e6mi eru um \u00feessa merkingu or\u00f0sins hv\u00edld<\/em> \u00e1 19. \u00f6ld. \u00cd Sk\u00edrni <\/em>1848 segir: \u201eFr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed n\u00fa og til \u00feess um dagm\u00e1l daginn eptir (\u00feann 24.) var\u00f0 svo a\u00f0 segja engin hv\u00edld \u00e1 orustunni.\u201c \u00cd Sk\u00edrni <\/em>1864 segir: \u201eBardaginn t\u00f3kst um mi\u00f0n\u00e6tti me\u00f0 h\u00f6r\u00f0ustu atg\u00f6ngu og var\u00f0 engi hv\u00edld \u00e1 \u00ed fj\u00f3rar stundir.\u201c \u00cd Sk\u00edrni <\/em>1877 segir: \u201eN\u00fa var\u00f0 nokkur hv\u00edld \u00e1 bard\u00f6gunum.\u201c En vissulega m\u00e1 segja a\u00f0 hv\u00edld <\/em>merki ekki alveg sama og vopnahl\u00e9<\/em>. Oftast er vopnahl\u00e9<\/em> formleg \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un sem a\u00f0ilar semja um, \u00fe\u00f3tt stundum s\u00e9 um einhli\u00f0a \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un annars a\u00f0ila a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a, en hv\u00edld<\/em> er \u00f3formlegt hl\u00e9 a\u00f0 frumkv\u00e6\u00f0i annars e\u00f0a beggja a\u00f0ila og engir formlegir samningar ger\u00f0ir um \u00fea\u00f0. \u00deetta breytir \u00fev\u00ed \u00fe\u00f3 ekki a\u00f0 b\u00e6\u00f0i hv\u00edld <\/em>(\u00ed eldra m\u00e1li) og vopnahl\u00e9 <\/em>merkir 'hl\u00e9 \u00e1 bardaga'.<\/p>\n

\u00c9g \u00e6tla samt ekki a\u00f0 leggja til a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 h\u00e6ttum a\u00f0 tala um vopnahl\u00e9 <\/em>og t\u00f6kum aftur upp or\u00f0i\u00f0 hv\u00edld<\/em> \u2013 til \u00feess er hv\u00edld <\/em>of almennt or\u00f0 auk \u00feess sem vopnahl\u00e9 <\/em>\u00e1 s\u00e9r langa hef\u00f0. Vissulega m\u00e1 segja a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 gagns\u00e6tt a\u00f0 nokkru marki \u2013 vi\u00f0 vitum hva\u00f0 b\u00e6\u00f0i vopn <\/em>og hl\u00e9 <\/em>merkir. Vi\u00f0 \u00feurfum samt a\u00f0 vita hver tengsl or\u00f0hlutanna eru og au\u00f0vita\u00f0 g\u00e6tu \u00feau veri\u00f0 \u00f6nnur \u2013 vopnahl\u00e9 <\/em>g\u00e6ti alveg eins merkt 'hl\u00e9 til a\u00f0 vopnast'. En vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00feekkjum or\u00f0i\u00f0 og vitum hva\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 merkir hugsum vi\u00f0 ekki \u00fat \u00ed \u00feetta. \u00d6\u00f0ru m\u00e1li gegnir me\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 mann\u00fa\u00f0arhl\u00e9<\/a> <\/em>sem er n\u00fdtt \u2013 \u00fear \u00feurfum vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 l\u00e6ra hver tengsl or\u00f0hlutanna eru og \u00e1tta okkur \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 or\u00f0inu er ekki \u00e6tla\u00f0 a\u00f0 merkja 'hl\u00e9 \u00e1 mann\u00fa\u00f0' \u00fe\u00f3tt sannarlega hafi veri\u00f0 gert langt hl\u00e9 \u00e1 mann\u00fa\u00f0 \u00e1 Gaza-sv\u00e6\u00f0inu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Eitt algengasta og mikilv\u00e6gasta or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0um \u00feessa dagana er vopnahl\u00e9. \u00dea\u00f0 or\u00f0 er gamalt \u00ed m\u00e1linu en kemur \u00fe\u00f3 ekki fyrir \u00ed forns\u00f6gum \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir mikinn fj\u00f6lda bardagal\u00fdsinga \u00ed \u00feeim. Elstu d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 eru \u00ed Minnisver\u00f0um t\u00ed\u00f0indum fr\u00e1 lokum 18. aldar \u2013 \u201ehann l\u00e9t s\u00e9r \u00ed t\u00edma segiast og keypti s\u00e9r vopna-hl\u00e9 uns […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5663","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5663","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5663"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5663\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5664,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5663\/revisions\/5664"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5663"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5663"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5663"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}