{"id":5733,"date":"2023-11-20T16:48:53","date_gmt":"2023-11-20T16:48:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=5733"},"modified":"2023-11-21T08:49:02","modified_gmt":"2023-11-21T08:49:02","slug":"enskuslettur-eru-bara-ensk-ord-i-islensku-samhengi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2023\/11\/20\/enskuslettur-eru-bara-ensk-ord-i-islensku-samhengi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201eEnskuslettur\u201c eru bara ensk or\u00f0 \u00ed \u00edslensku samhengi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>H\u00e9r hefur i\u00f0ulega veri\u00f0 tala\u00f0 um \u201eslettur\u201c \u00ed merkingunni 'erlent or\u00f0 e\u00f0a or\u00f0asamband sem ekki n\u00fdtur vi\u00f0urkenningar \u00ed vi\u00f0t\u00f6kum\u00e1linu vegna \u00f3n\u00f3grar a\u00f0l\u00f6gunar a\u00f0 hlj\u00f3\u00f0- e\u00f0a beygingakerfi e\u00f0a annars konar framandi einkenna' eins og or\u00f0i\u00f0 er <a href=\"https:\/\/islenskordabok.arnastofnun.is\/ord\/37676\">skilgreint<\/a> \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em>. \u00deessi merking er g\u00f6mul \u00ed m\u00e1linu \u2013 samsetningin <em>d\u00f6nskusletta <\/em>kemur fyrir \u00feegar \u00ed fyrsta \u00e1rgangi <em>Fj\u00f6lnis <\/em>1835: \u201eM\u00e1li\u00f0 \u00e1tti a\u00f0 vera vanda\u00f0, og er \u00fea\u00f0 l\u00edka \u00e1 sumum st\u00f6\u00f0um, enn nokkurskonar tilger\u00f0 og s\u00e9r\u00edlagi d\u00f6nskusletturnar skemma \u00fe\u00f3 v\u00ed\u00f0ahvar gott efni.\u201c Or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>enskusletta <\/em>er yngra eins og vi\u00f0 er a\u00f0 b\u00faast og kemur fyrst fyrir \u00ed Vesturheimsbla\u00f0inu <em>Heimskringlu <\/em>1895: \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 gerir hann me\u00f0 s\u00edfeldum enskuslettum, me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fatsk\u00fdra algengustu \u00edslenzk or\u00f0 me\u00f0 ensku!\u201c<\/p>\n<p>Samhlj\u00f3ma s\u00f6gn er l\u00edka algeng \u00ed \u00feessu samhengi \u2013 ein sk\u00fdring hennar \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>er 'nota erlend or\u00f0 \u00ed m\u00e1li s\u00ednu'. Elsta d\u00e6mi sem \u00e9g finn um <em>sletta d\u00f6nsku <\/em>er \u00ed <em>\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0\u00f3lfi <\/em>1848: \u201eMig minnir ekki betur, en \u00c1rmann \u00e1 al\u00feingi s\u00fdni oss \u00fea\u00f0 berlega, hversu hl\u00e6gilegt \u00fea\u00f0 er, \u00feegar vjer \u00cdslendingar erum a\u00f0 b\u00f6glast vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 sletta d\u00f6nskunni \u00ed daglegu tali.\u201c Nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 og s\u00f6gnin <em>sletta <\/em>eru hvort tveggja fremur neikv\u00e6\u00f0 or\u00f0 \u2013 a\u00f0almerking sagnarinnar er t.d. <a href=\"https:\/\/islenskordabok.arnastofnun.is\/ord\/37677\">s\u00f6g\u00f0<\/a> '\u00feeyta, skvetta (e-u blautu)' \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>og ein merking hennar \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> er '\u00feeyta, setja hir\u00f0uleysislega'. Merking nafnor\u00f0sins er <a href=\"https:\/\/islenskordabok.arnastofnun.is\/ord\/37676\">s\u00f6g\u00f0<\/a> 'e-\u00f0 sem slett er \u00e1 e-\u00f0, blettir eftir v\u00f6kva' \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>og ein merking \u00feess \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> er 'flekkur, l\u00fdti'.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dea\u00f0 var vitanlega ekki tilviljun a\u00f0 svo neikv\u00e6\u00f0 or\u00f0 voru valin til a\u00f0 nota \u00ed \u00feessari merkingu. \u00c1 t\u00edmum \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernisvakningar og sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0isbar\u00e1ttu fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed snemma \u00e1 n\u00edtj\u00e1ndu \u00f6ld var \u00e1hersla l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1 a\u00f0 hreinsa m\u00e1li\u00f0 af d\u00f6nskum \u00e1hrifum og reka til baka \u00fdmsar breytingar sem h\u00f6f\u00f0u or\u00f0i\u00f0 fr\u00e1 fornu m\u00e1li. D\u00f6nsk or\u00f0 \u00ed \u00edslensku spilltu hreinleik m\u00e1lsins \u2013 voru lj\u00f3tar <em>slettur<\/em> \u00e1 \u00edslenskunni sem nau\u00f0synlegt \u00fe\u00f3tti a\u00f0 \u00fevo af me\u00f0 \u00f6llum r\u00e1\u00f0um. Einn \u00fe\u00e1ttur \u00ed \u00feeirri bar\u00e1ttu var a\u00f0 gefa d\u00f6nskum or\u00f0um og notkun \u00feeirra \u00ed \u00edslensku neikv\u00e6tt heiti sem vi\u00f0 sitjum enn uppi me\u00f0, tv\u00f6 hundru\u00f0 \u00e1rum s\u00ed\u00f0ar og hundra\u00f0 \u00e1rum eftir a\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0isbar\u00e1ttunni lauk, \u00fe\u00f3tt <em>d\u00f6nskuslettur <\/em>s\u00e9u n\u00fa taldar <a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/page\/3193984?iabr=on#page\/n23\/mode\/1up\/\">meinlitlar<\/a> en <em>enskuslettur <\/em>\u00feeim mun sk\u00e6\u00f0ari. Er kannski m\u00e1l til komi\u00f0 a\u00f0 endursko\u00f0a \u00feetta?<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9g hef i\u00f0ulega nota\u00f0 h\u00e9r s\u00f6gnina <em>sletta <\/em>og tala\u00f0 um <em>slettur <\/em>og <em>enskuslettur<\/em> \u2013 s\u00ed\u00f0ast fyrir nokkrum d\u00f6gum. En \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00f3heppilegt or\u00f0alag vegna \u00feess hve gildishla\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er. Umr\u00e6\u00f0a um m\u00e1l og m\u00e1lnotkun \u00e1 ekki a\u00f0 byggjast \u00e1 neikv\u00e6\u00f0um or\u00f0um eins og \u201e<a href=\"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2023\/07\/16\/breyting-a-eignarfalli-kvenkyns-un-orda\/\">eignarfallsfl\u00f3tti<\/a>\u201c, \u201e<a href=\"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2020\/03\/01\/enskuslettur-i-songvakeppni\/\">enskusletta<\/a>\u201c, \u201e<a href=\"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2020\/02\/11\/tilbrigdi-og-malfarsleg-stettaskipting\/\">fl\u00e1m\u00e6li<\/a>\u201c, \u201e<a href=\"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2023\/10\/12\/thad-er-ekkert-til-sem-heitir-thagufallssyki\/\">\u00fe\u00e1gufallss\u00fdki<\/a>\u201c o.\u00fe.h. \u00dea\u00f0 er hvorki til \u00feess falli\u00f0 a\u00f0 efla j\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0a \u00edmynd \u00edslenskunnar n\u00e9 l\u00edklegt til a\u00f0 breyta m\u00e1lnotkun \u00feeirra sem \u00feetta beinist a\u00f0. \u201eEnskuslettur\u201c eru bara or\u00f0 \u2013 ensk or\u00f0 \u00ed \u00edslensku samhengi. Stundum eru \u00feau e\u00f0lileg og gagnleg, en oft eru \u00feau \u00f3\u00fe\u00f6rf. \u00cd sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 <a href=\"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2023\/11\/16\/nei-thetta-er-ekki-malid\/\">einbl\u00edna<\/a> \u00e1 \u00feessi or\u00f0 og tala um \u00feau \u00e1 neikv\u00e6\u00f0an h\u00e1tt eigum vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 sko\u00f0a <a href=\"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2023\/11\/17\/af-hverju-notum-vid-ensk-ord\/\">hvers vegna<\/a> \u00feau eru notu\u00f0 \u00ed \u00edslensku \u2013 og leita r\u00e1\u00f0a til a\u00f0 f\u00e6kka tilefnum til a\u00f0 nota \u00feau.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u00e9r hefur i\u00f0ulega veri\u00f0 tala\u00f0 um \u201eslettur\u201c \u00ed merkingunni 'erlent or\u00f0 e\u00f0a or\u00f0asamband sem ekki n\u00fdtur vi\u00f0urkenningar \u00ed vi\u00f0t\u00f6kum\u00e1linu vegna \u00f3n\u00f3grar a\u00f0l\u00f6gunar a\u00f0 hlj\u00f3\u00f0- e\u00f0a beygingakerfi e\u00f0a annars konar framandi einkenna' eins og or\u00f0i\u00f0 er skilgreint \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k. \u00deessi merking er g\u00f6mul \u00ed m\u00e1linu \u2013 samsetningin d\u00f6nskusletta kemur fyrir \u00feegar \u00ed fyrsta \u00e1rgangi Fj\u00f6lnis [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5733","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5733","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5733"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5733\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5737,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5733\/revisions\/5737"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5733"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5733"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5733"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}