{"id":5872,"date":"2023-12-21T11:34:39","date_gmt":"2023-12-21T11:34:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=5872"},"modified":"2023-12-21T11:34:39","modified_gmt":"2023-12-21T11:34:39","slug":"ny-samtenging-thannig","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2023\/12\/21\/ny-samtenging-thannig\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u00fd samtenging: \u00feannig"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cd fyrstu \u00fatg\u00e1fu b\u00f3karinnar \u00cdslenzk m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/em>, sem kom \u00fat 1937, telur Bj\u00f6rn Gu\u00f0finnsson upp \u201eallar helztu samtengingarnar\u201c \u00ed m\u00e1linu. \u00deeim er skipt \u00ed tvo meginflokka, a\u00f0altengingar og aukatengingar, og s\u00ed\u00f0arnefndi flokkurinn skiptist svo aftur \u00ed t\u00edu undirflokka. Einn \u00feeirra er aflei\u00f0ingartengingar sem eru einungis taldar tv\u00e6r \u2013 svo a\u00f0<\/em>, eins og \u00e9g hlj\u00f3p hratt svo a\u00f0<\/strong> \u00e9g hrasa\u00f0i og datt<\/em>, og a\u00f0<\/em>, en \u00fe\u00e1 er svo <\/em>\u00ed a\u00f0alsetningunni \u00e1 undan \u2013 \u00e9g hlj\u00f3p svo<\/strong> hratt a\u00f0<\/strong> \u00e9g hrasa\u00f0i og datt<\/em>. \u00deessi upptalning tenginga er svo n\u00e6r \u00f3breytt \u00ed seinni \u00fatg\u00e1fum b\u00f3karinnar, sem var n\u00e1msefni \u00edslenskra grunnsk\u00f3lanema mestallan seinni helming 20. aldar. Hana er einnig a\u00f0 finna \u00ed \u00fdmsum yngri ritum og stundum vir\u00f0ist tali\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00feetta s\u00e9 endanlegur og \u00f3breytanlegur listi.<\/p>\n

Sambandi\u00f0 \u00feannig a\u00f0<\/em> hefur \u00fe\u00f3 miki\u00f0 veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0 sem aflei\u00f0ingartenging undanfarna \u00e1ratugi. \u00cd flestum eldri d\u00e6mum \u00fear sem \u00feannig a\u00f0<\/em> stendur saman er \u00feannig <\/em>hins vegar atviksor\u00f0 sem tilheyrir a\u00f0alsetningunni en er ekki hluti tengingar, eins og \u201eG\u00e1fnalag hans var \u00feannig, a\u00f0 hann var ekki s\u00e9rlega flj\u00f3tskarpur\u201c \u00ed Andvara <\/em>1890. Einst\u00f6ku g\u00f6mul d\u00e6mi m\u00e1 \u00fe\u00f3 finna um notkun sambandsins \u00ed hlutverki tengingar, svo sem \u201eT\u00f3ttin sm\u00e1 mj\u00f3kkar \u00ed eystri endann, \u00feannig a\u00f0 hann er sem h\u00e1lf kringl\u00f3ttr fyrir\u201c \u00ed \u00c1rb\u00f3k Hins \u00edslenzka fornleifaf\u00e9lags <\/em>1883. En \u00feessi notkun hefur sennilega ekki t\u00ed\u00f0kast a\u00f0 nokkru marki fyrr en talsvert var li\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 20. \u00f6ld, \u00far \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 sambandi\u00f0 komst ekki \u00ed \u00e1\u00f0urnefnda upptalningu Bj\u00f6rns Gu\u00f0finnssonar \u00e1 tengingum.<\/p>\n

Ef marka m\u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is <\/em>vir\u00f0ist notkun \u00feannig a\u00f0<\/em> sem samtengingar hafa fari\u00f0 a\u00f0 aukast um mi\u00f0ja 20. \u00f6ld, en \u00fe\u00f3 einkum upp \u00far 1980. Upp \u00far 1990 vir\u00f0ist \u00feannig a\u00f0 <\/em>ver\u00f0a algengasta aflei\u00f0ingartengingin og er n\u00fa mun meira notu\u00f0 en svo <\/em>(me\u00f0 og \u00e1n a\u00f0<\/em>) b\u00e6\u00f0i samkv\u00e6mt t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> og Risam\u00e1lheildinni<\/em>. Sambandi\u00f0 er tilf\u00e6rt<\/a> sem samtenging \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>en er sjaldnast nefnt \u00ed umfj\u00f6llun um samtengingar \u2013 \u201eHvers vegna er svo a\u00f0 <\/em>aflei\u00f0ingartenging en ekki \u00feannig a\u00f0<\/em>?\u201c spyr<\/a> Halld\u00f3r \u00c1rmann Sigur\u00f0sson \u00ed grein um \u201eFleiryrtar aukatengingar\u201c 1981. \u00cd b\u00f3k Bruno Kress fr\u00e1 1982, Isl\u00e4ndische Grammatik<\/em>, er \u00feannig a\u00f0 <\/em>nefnt sem aflei\u00f0ingartenging en er t.d. ekki nefnt \u00ed Handb\u00f3k um m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/em> eftir H\u00f6skuld \u00der\u00e1insson fr\u00e1 2021.<\/p>\n

En ekki n\u00f3g me\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0. \u00cd g\u00e6r var bent h\u00e9r \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00feannig <\/em>v\u00e6ri oft nota\u00f0 eitt og s\u00e9r sem tenging, \u00e1n a\u00f0<\/em>. \u00c9g haf\u00f0i ekki teki\u00f0 eftir \u00feessu en f\u00f3r a\u00f0 athuga \u00fea\u00f0 og komst a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00feetta er or\u00f0i\u00f0 mj\u00f6g algengt. Einst\u00f6ku d\u00e6mi um \u00feetta m\u00e1 finna fr\u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0asta fj\u00f3r\u00f0ungi 20. aldar, t.d. \u201e\u00deannig hann var alltaf a\u00f0 fara \u00fat \u00ed kirkju til a\u00f0 gera \u00fear b\u00e6n s\u00edna\u201c \u00ed T\u00edmanum <\/em>1978 og \u201e\u00c9g valt h\u00e9rna \u00ed fyrra l\u00edka \u00feannig \u00e9g er vanur a\u00f0 velta \u00e1 Akureyri\u201c \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1986. Eitthva\u00f0 af sl\u00edku kann \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 vera prentvillur. En undir aldam\u00f3t fer d\u00e6mum \u00e1 prenti a\u00f0 fj\u00f6lga sm\u00e1tt og sm\u00e1tt og \u00feetta er mj\u00f6g algengt \u00e1 samf\u00e9lagsmi\u00f0lum alveg fr\u00e1 upphafi \u00feeirra \u00ed byrjun aldarinnar \u2013 en ekki \u00e1 prenti fyrr en \u00e1 allra s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1rum. D\u00e6min \u00ed Risam\u00e1lheildinni<\/em> fr\u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu 20 \u00e1rum skipta tugum \u00fe\u00fasunda.<\/p>\n

Brottfall a\u00f0 <\/em>er \u00ed sj\u00e1lfu s\u00e9r mj\u00f6g e\u00f0lileg \u00fer\u00f3un. \u00dea\u00f0 er alkunna a\u00f0 mj\u00f6g algengt er<\/a> \u2013 og gamalt \u00ed m\u00e1linu \u2013 a\u00f0 a\u00f0<\/em> falli brott \u00far tengingunum \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0<\/em>, \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0<\/em> og svo a\u00f0<\/em> sem ver\u00f0a \u00fe\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed<\/em>, \u00fe\u00f3 <\/em>og svo<\/em>. \u00de\u00f3tt samtengingar s\u00e9u venjulega taldar loka\u00f0ur or\u00f0flokkur eru \u00feess d\u00e6mi a\u00f0 \u00ed hann b\u00e6tist, og sambandi\u00f0 \u00feannig a\u00f0 <\/em>er or\u00f0i\u00f0 fast \u00ed sessi sem tenging. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed fari\u00f0 a\u00f0 haga s\u00e9r eins og a\u00f0rar fleiryrtar tengingar og einn \u00fe\u00e1ttur \u00ed \u00feeirri heg\u00f0un er a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 sleppir a\u00f0<\/em> og ver\u00f0ur bara \u00feannig<\/em>. Vissulega \u00feykir \u00fdmsum vanda\u00f0ra m\u00e1l a\u00f0 hafa a\u00f0 <\/em>me\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0<\/em>, \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0<\/em> og svo a\u00f0 <\/em>eins og M\u00e1lfarsbankinn <\/em>bendir \u00e1<\/a> og v\u00e6ntanlega gildir \u00fe\u00e1 sama um \u00feannig a\u00f0<\/em>. En enginn vafi er \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 samtengingin \u00feannig <\/em>er or\u00f0in kyrfilega f\u00f6st \u00ed m\u00e1linu og d\u00e6mum um hana mun fj\u00f6lga \u00e1fram.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cd fyrstu \u00fatg\u00e1fu b\u00f3karinnar \u00cdslenzk m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0i, sem kom \u00fat 1937, telur Bj\u00f6rn Gu\u00f0finnsson upp \u201eallar helztu samtengingarnar\u201c \u00ed m\u00e1linu. \u00deeim er skipt \u00ed tvo meginflokka, a\u00f0altengingar og aukatengingar, og s\u00ed\u00f0arnefndi flokkurinn skiptist svo aftur \u00ed t\u00edu undirflokka. Einn \u00feeirra er aflei\u00f0ingartengingar sem eru einungis taldar tv\u00e6r \u2013 svo a\u00f0, eins og \u00e9g hlj\u00f3p hratt svo […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5872","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5872","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5872"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5872\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5873,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5872\/revisions\/5873"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5872"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5872"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5872"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}