{"id":6170,"date":"2024-03-11T21:49:51","date_gmt":"2024-03-11T21:49:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=6170"},"modified":"2024-03-12T10:14:59","modified_gmt":"2024-03-12T10:14:59","slug":"af-hverju-notum-vid-enskaettud-ord-og-ordasambond","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2024\/03\/11\/af-hverju-notum-vid-enskaettud-ord-og-ordasambond\/","title":{"rendered":"Af hverju notum vi\u00f0 ensk\u00e6ttu\u00f0 or\u00f0 og or\u00f0asamb\u00f6nd?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c9g hef i\u00f0ulega haldi\u00f0 uppi v\u00f6rnum fyrir e\u00f0a sleppt \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 ford\u00e6ma \u00fdmis or\u00f0, or\u00f0asamb\u00f6nd og or\u00f0anotkun sem er e\u00f0a vir\u00f0ist vera bein yfirf\u00e6rsla \u00far ensku \u2013 sumum \u00fe\u00e6tti jafnvel e\u00f0lilegt a\u00f0 tala um \u201ehr\u00e1a ensku\u201c. Me\u00f0al \u00feessa er <em>snj\u00f3stormur<\/em>, <em>eig\u00f0u g\u00f3\u00f0an dag<\/em>, <em>\u00e1varpa vandam\u00e1l<\/em>, <em>\u00e1skorun<\/em>, <em>\u00ed t\u00e1rum<\/em>, <em>\u00ed s\u00e1rsauka<\/em>, <em>\u00ed pers\u00f3nu<\/em>, <em>gasl\u00fdsing<\/em>, <em>byr\u00f0ing<\/em>, <em>m\u00f3ment<\/em>, <em>fasa \u00fat<\/em>, <em>sl\u00e6sa<\/em>, <em>s\u00edna<\/em>,<em> l\u00fakk<\/em>, <em>k\u00f3s\u00ed<\/em>, <em>\u00f3kei<\/em>, <em>n\u00e6s<\/em>, <em>ranta<\/em>,<em> meika sens<\/em> o.m.fl. \u00c9g \u00feykist vita a\u00f0 m\u00f6rgum \u00feyki \u00e9g alltof frj\u00e1lslyndur \u00ed \u00feessu. M\u00edn afsta\u00f0a er hins vegar s\u00fa, eins og \u00e9g hef oft sagt, a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 eigum ekki a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta or\u00f0 e\u00f0a or\u00f0asamb\u00f6nd gjalda upprunans. Ef \u00feau eru komin \u00ed einhverja notkun \u00ed \u00edslensku er yfirleitt b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ulaust og tilgangslaust a\u00f0 beita s\u00e9r gegn \u00feeim og n\u00e6r a\u00f0 sn\u00faa s\u00e9r a\u00f0 br\u00fdnni vandam\u00e1lum.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9g hef sem s\u00e9 engar \u00e1hyggjur af \u00fev\u00ed \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fdmis or\u00f0, or\u00f0asamb\u00f6nd og or\u00f0anotkun \u00far ensku rati inn \u00ed \u00edslensku. \u00dea\u00f0 sem m\u00e9r finnst hins vegar \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 huga a\u00f0, og jafnvel hafa \u00e1hyggjur af, er <strong>hvers vegna<\/strong> \u00feetta gerist. Fyrir \u00fev\u00ed geta veri\u00f0 \u00fdmsar \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ur. Stundum vantar \u00edslenskuna or\u00f0 yfir tiltekna merkingu og \u00fe\u00e1 er oft ekkert a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 taka upp erlent or\u00f0 og laga \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00edslensku eftir atvikum. Vissulega \u00feykir m\u00f6rgum \u00e6skilegra a\u00f0 sm\u00ed\u00f0a n\u00fdyr\u00f0i \u00far \u00edslenskum hr\u00e1efnum en vi\u00f0 munum aldrei geta sm\u00ed\u00f0a\u00f0 n\u00fdyr\u00f0i yfir \u00f6ll n\u00fd fyrirb\u00e6ri og hugt\u00f6k. \u00dear a\u00f0 auki geta t\u00f6kuor\u00f0 haft \u00e1kve\u00f0na kosti fram yfir n\u00fdyr\u00f0i, svo sem a\u00f0 \u00feau vekja ekki \u00f3heppileg hugrenningatengsl vegna l\u00edkinda vi\u00f0 \u00f6nnur or\u00f0 \u2013 hins margr\u00f3ma\u00f0a gagns\u00e6is.<\/p>\n<p>Stundum kj\u00f3sa m\u00e1lnotendur a\u00f0 nota t\u00f6kuor\u00f0 \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 til s\u00e9 \u00edslenskt n\u00fdyr\u00f0i og fyrir \u00fev\u00ed geta l\u00edka veri\u00f0 mismunandi \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ur. N\u00fdyr\u00f0i\u00f0 getur \u00fe\u00f3tt of stirt e\u00f0a hall\u00e6rislegt, e\u00f0a t\u00f6kuor\u00f0i\u00f0 hefur veri\u00f0 b\u00fai\u00f0 a\u00f0 vinna s\u00e9r hef\u00f0 \u00e1\u00f0ur en n\u00fdyr\u00f0i\u00f0 kom til og m\u00e1lnotendur k\u00e6ra sig ekki um a\u00f0 skipta. Nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>flatbaka <\/em>er d\u00e6mi um hvort tveggja \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 er stir\u00f0ara en <em>pitsa <\/em>sem var l\u00edka komi\u00f0 \u00ed notkun \u00e1\u00f0ur en <em>flatbaka <\/em>var\u00f0 til. Einnig kemur fyrir a\u00f0 merkingu \u00edslensks or\u00f0s sem samsvarar ensku or\u00f0i a\u00f0 hluta er hli\u00f0ra\u00f0 svo a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 samsvari enska or\u00f0inu betur. Engin \u00edslensk s\u00f6gn samsvara\u00f0i n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega ensku s\u00f6gninni <em>address<\/em> og \u00fev\u00ed hefur merkingu sagnarinnar <em>\u00e1varpa <\/em>veri\u00f0 hnika\u00f0 til. \u00deetta finnst m\u00e9r hvort tveggja geta veri\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0ar og gildar \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ur.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6\u00f0ru m\u00e1li gegnir hins vegar ef enskt or\u00f0alag er yfirf\u00e6rt beint \u00fe\u00f3tt til s\u00e9 \u00edslenskt or\u00f0 e\u00f0a or\u00f0alag sem g\u00e6ti gegnt n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega sama hlutverki. \u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0an fyrir notkun ensk\u00e6tta\u00f0a or\u00f0alagsins er \u00fe\u00e1 ekki alltaf skortur \u00e1 \u00edslensku or\u00f0i e\u00f0a \u00fe\u00f6rf fyrir betra or\u00f0, heldur oft \u00feekkingarleysi e\u00f0a hugsunarleysi \u2013 f\u00f3lk \u00feekkir ekki hef\u00f0bundi\u00f0 \u00edslenskt or\u00f0alag e\u00f0a hugsar ekki \u00fat \u00ed hvernig venja s\u00e9 a\u00f0 or\u00f0a eitthva\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00edslensku. \u00dearna skiptir au\u00f0vita\u00f0 m\u00e1li hver \u00e1 \u00ed hlut. F\u00f3lk sem hefur atvinnu af \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 nota tungum\u00e1li\u00f0, svo sem rith\u00f6fundar, fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0laf\u00f3lk, augl\u00fdsingaf\u00f3lk, almannatenglar, \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0endur o.fl., ber miklu r\u00edkari \u00e1byrg\u00f0 en almennir m\u00e1lnotendur. \u00dea\u00f0 er e\u00f0lilegt og mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 halda \u00fev\u00ed vi\u00f0 efni\u00f0, en vitanlega \u00fearf a\u00f0 g\u00e6ta kurteisi og for\u00f0ast pers\u00f3nulegar athugasemdir.<\/p>\n<p>En \u00fea\u00f0 er ekki endilega \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 amast vi\u00f0 t\u00f6kuor\u00f0i e\u00f0a t\u00f6kumerkingu \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 strangt teki\u00f0 \u00f3\u00fearft, \u00ed \u00feeim skilningi a\u00f0 til s\u00e9 \u00edslenskt or\u00f0 e\u00f0a or\u00f0asamband sem nota m\u00e6tti \u00ed sta\u00f0inn. \u00devert \u00e1 m\u00f3ti \u2013 n\u00fdjungar au\u00f0ga m\u00e1li\u00f0 og ekkert a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 m\u00e1lnotendur geti vali\u00f0 milli r\u00f3tgr\u00f3ins \u00edslensks or\u00f0alags og n\u00fdrra og ferskra or\u00f0a og or\u00f0asambanda, \u00fe\u00f3tt af erlendum uppruna s\u00e9u. En ef \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0an fyrir notkun t\u00f6kuor\u00f0sins e\u00f0a t\u00f6kumerkingarinnar er \u00feekkingarleysi e\u00f0a hugsunarleysi er h\u00e6tta \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00feetta verki \u00fever\u00f6fugt \u2013 valdi \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 hef\u00f0bundi\u00f0 or\u00f0alag falli \u00ed skuggann e\u00f0a gleymist og auki \u00feannig einh\u00e6fni, dragi \u00far fj\u00f6lbreytni, og rj\u00fafi auk \u00feess samfelluna \u00ed m\u00e1linu. \u00deess vegna er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 lesa sem mest til a\u00f0 auka or\u00f0afor\u00f0a sinn.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c9g hef i\u00f0ulega haldi\u00f0 uppi v\u00f6rnum fyrir e\u00f0a sleppt \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 ford\u00e6ma \u00fdmis or\u00f0, or\u00f0asamb\u00f6nd og or\u00f0anotkun sem er e\u00f0a vir\u00f0ist vera bein yfirf\u00e6rsla \u00far ensku \u2013 sumum \u00fe\u00e6tti jafnvel e\u00f0lilegt a\u00f0 tala um \u201ehr\u00e1a ensku\u201c. Me\u00f0al \u00feessa er snj\u00f3stormur, eig\u00f0u g\u00f3\u00f0an dag, \u00e1varpa vandam\u00e1l, \u00e1skorun, \u00ed t\u00e1rum, \u00ed s\u00e1rsauka, \u00ed pers\u00f3nu, gasl\u00fdsing, byr\u00f0ing, m\u00f3ment, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6170","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6170","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6170"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6170\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6174,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6170\/revisions\/6174"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6170"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6170"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6170"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}