{"id":6190,"date":"2024-03-17T13:39:40","date_gmt":"2024-03-17T13:39:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=6190"},"modified":"2024-03-17T13:39:40","modified_gmt":"2024-03-17T13:39:40","slug":"er-eitthvad-athugavert-vid-thratt-fyrir-thad-ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2024\/03\/17\/er-eitthvad-athugavert-vid-thratt-fyrir-thad-ad\/","title":{"rendered":"Er eitthva\u00f0 athugavert vi\u00f0 \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir (\u00fea\u00f0) a\u00f0?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Um daginn f\u00e9kk \u00e9g handrit a\u00f0 grein til baka \u00far yfirlestri me\u00f0 nokkrum athugasemdum. Sumar \u00feeirra f\u00e9llst \u00e9g \u00e1 en a\u00f0rar ekki, eins og gengur, en ein kom m\u00e9r s\u00e9rstaklega \u00e1 \u00f3vart. \u00c9g haf\u00f0i skrifa\u00f0 <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 <\/em>en yfirlesari breytt \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed <em>enda \u00fe\u00f3tt <\/em>me\u00f0 v\u00edsun \u00ed <em>M\u00e1lfarsbankann <\/em>\u00fear sem <a href=\"https:\/\/malfar.arnastofnun.is\/grein\/72144\">segir<\/a>: \u201eOr\u00f0asambandi\u00f0 <strong>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir<\/strong> fer oft illa \u00e1 undan setningum: \u201ehann kom ekki \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 h\u00fan hef\u00f0i be\u00f0i\u00f0 hann\u201c e\u00f0a \u201ehann kom ekki \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 h\u00fan hef\u00f0i be\u00f0i\u00f0 hann\u201c. \u00cd sta\u00f0inn f\u00e6ri betur \u00e1 <strong>\u00fe\u00f3tt<\/strong> e\u00f0a <strong>enda \u00fe\u00f3tt<\/strong>: <em>hann kom ekki \u00fe\u00f3tt h\u00fan hef\u00f0i be\u00f0i\u00f0 hann; hann kom ekki enda \u00fe\u00f3tt h\u00fan hef\u00f0i be\u00f0i\u00f0 hann.<\/em> <strong>\u00der\u00e1tt fyrir<\/strong> \u00e1 fremur heim \u00e1 undan nafnor\u00f0um (\u00e1samt fylgior\u00f0um): <em>Hann kom ekki \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir bei\u00f0ni hennar. \u00der\u00e1tt fyrir g\u00f3\u00f0an undirb\u00faning komst li\u00f0i\u00f0 ekki \u00ed \u00farslit.<\/em>\u201c<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9g haf\u00f0i aldrei heyrt a\u00f0 eitthva\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6tti athugavert vi\u00f0 <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir <\/em>(<em>\u00fea\u00f0<\/em>) <em>a\u00f0 <\/em>en vi\u00f0 n\u00e1nari athugun fann \u00e9g \u00fe\u00f3 svipa\u00f0a athugasemd \u00ed b\u00f3kinni <em>\u00cdslenskt m\u00e1lfar <\/em>eftir \u00c1rna B\u00f6\u00f0varsson: \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 er algengt a\u00f0 segja <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 <\/em>\u00fear sem betra v\u00e6ri <em>\u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0<\/em> e\u00f0a <em>\u00fe\u00f3tt<\/em>.\u201c Hvorki \u00ed <em>M\u00e1lfarsbankanum <\/em>n\u00e9 hj\u00e1 \u00c1rna kemur \u00fe\u00f3 fram nokkur sk\u00fdring \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hvers vegna \u201ef\u00e6ri betur \u00e1\u201c e\u00f0a \u201ebetra v\u00e6ri\u201c a\u00f0 nota <em>\u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0<\/em>, <em>\u00fe\u00f3tt <\/em>e\u00f0a <em>enda \u00fe\u00f3tt <\/em>\u00ed sta\u00f0 <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0<\/em> og <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0<\/em>. En or\u00f0asambandi\u00f0 <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir <\/em>\u00e1 undan nafnor\u00f0i er eiginlega tv\u00edyrt forsetning og <a href=\"https:\/\/islenskordabok.arnastofnun.is\/ord\/47405\">greint<\/a> \u00feannig \u00ed or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum. Elstu d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 eru fr\u00e1 lokum 18. aldar. \u00deegar \u00feessi forsetning fer a\u00f0 standa me\u00f0 setningum \u00e1 seinni hluta aldarinnar ver\u00f0ur \u00far henni samtenging, \u00fdmist <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0<\/em> e\u00f0a <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Elsta d\u00e6mi sem \u00e9g finn um lengri ger\u00f0ina er \u00ed <em>\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0\u00f3lfi <\/em>1860: \u201eog \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir \u00fea\u00f0, a\u00f0 n\u00e1lega allir emb\u00e6ttismenn hennar h\u00e9r, og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0\u00feing landsins og allr \u00feorri l\u00fd\u00f0sins er komi\u00f0 \u00e1 gagnst\u00e6\u00f0a sko\u00f0un og a\u00f0 fullri sannf\u00e6ringu.\u201c Styttri ger\u00f0in vir\u00f0ist vera a\u00f0eins yngri \u2013 elsta d\u00e6mi sem \u00e9g hef fundi\u00f0 um hana er \u00ed <em>Nor\u00f0lingi <\/em>1875: \u201eh\u00e6lir okkur fyrir norr\u00e6nt \u00ferek og kostg\u00e6fni \u00ed m\u00f6rgum efnum, \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 v\u00e9r ver\u00f0um a\u00f0 heyja s\u00edfelt str\u00ed\u00f0.\u201c \u00cd <em>Stuttu \u00e1gripi af \u00edslenskri m\u00e1ll\u00fdsingu handa al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0usk\u00f3lum <\/em>eftir Halld\u00f3r Briem fr\u00e1 1891 er sambandi\u00f0 <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0<\/em> tali\u00f0 upp athugasemdalaust \u00ed h\u00f3pi vi\u00f0urkenningartenginga, og sama m\u00e1li gegnir um fyrstu \u00fatg\u00e1fu af <em>\u00cdslenzkri m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0i <\/em>Bj\u00f6rns Gu\u00f0finnssonar fr\u00e1 1937, sem og allar s\u00ed\u00f0ari \u00fatg\u00e1fur b\u00f3karinnar.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd <em>\u00cdslensk-danskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>fr\u00e1 1920-1924 er a\u00f0eins styttri myndin, <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0<\/em>, gefin sem samtenging (undir l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0inu <em>\u00fer\u00e1r<\/em>), en lengri myndin er \u00fe\u00f3 er ekki bara eldri en hin, heldur einnig mun algengari allt fram \u00e1 mi\u00f0jan sj\u00f6unda \u00e1ratug 20. aldar. \u00de\u00e1 siglir <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0<\/em> fram \u00far og s\u00ed\u00f0an dregur mj\u00f6g hratt sundur me\u00f0 myndunum og t\u00ed\u00f0ni \u00feeirrar styttri margfaldast \u2013 \u00e1 \u00feessari \u00f6ld er <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 <\/em>allt a\u00f0 hundra\u00f0 sinnum algengara \u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is <\/em>en <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0<\/em>. \u00cd <em>Risam\u00e1lheildinni <\/em>er styttri myndin t\u00e6plega fj\u00f6rut\u00edu sinnum algengari en s\u00fa lengri, hvort sem liti\u00f0 er til allra texta e\u00f0a einungis til samf\u00e9lagsmi\u00f0la \u00fear sem b\u00e1\u00f0ar ger\u00f0irnar eru reyndar hlutfallslega sjaldg\u00e6far \u2013 \u00feetta eru tengingar sem tilheyra fremur formlegu m\u00e1li en \u00f3formlegu.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd upphafi og fram \u00e1 mi\u00f0jan \u00e1ttunda \u00e1ratuginn var meirihluti d\u00e6ma um lengri ger\u00f0ina skrifa\u00f0ur me\u00f0 kommu \u00e1 undan <em>a\u00f0<\/em>, \u00fe.e. <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir \u00fea\u00f0, a\u00f0<\/em>. \u00de\u00f3tt breyttar greinarmerkjareglur fr\u00e1 1974 g\u00e6tu reyndar spila\u00f0 inn \u00ed g\u00e6ti \u00feetta bent til \u00feess a\u00f0 <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir <\/em>hafi lengi veri\u00f0 skynja\u00f0 sem forsetning me\u00f0 fornafninu <em>\u00fea\u00f0 <\/em>sem s\u00ed\u00f0an t\u00e6ki me\u00f0 s\u00e9r setningu, frekar en <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 <\/em>hafi veri\u00f0 skynja\u00f0 sem heildst\u00e6\u00f0 samtenging, \u00fe.e. [<em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir <\/em>[<em>\u00fea\u00f0, <\/em>[<em>a\u00f0 <\/em>\u2026]]] frekar en [<em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir \u00fea\u00f0 <\/em>[<em>a\u00f0 <\/em>\u2026]. \u00dea\u00f0 fellur vel a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed sem Jakob J\u00f3h. Sm\u00e1ri segir \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenzkri setningafr\u00e6\u00f0i <\/em>fr\u00e1 1920: \u201eSetningar, sem hefjast \u00e1 <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir \u00fea\u00f0, a\u00f0<\/em>, eru eiginlega a\u00f0-setningar og nota h\u00e6tti samkv\u00e6mt \u00fev\u00ed \u2013 venjulega frsh. \u00ed beinni r\u00e6\u00f0u \u2013 t.d. hann er snarpur, \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 hann er ungur [\u2026].\u201c<\/p>\n<p>En \u00feetta hefur breyst \u2013 \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/islenskordabok.arnastofnun.is\/ord\/47406\">segir<\/a> um <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0<\/em>: 'samtenging \u00ed aukasetningu (tekur oftast vi\u00f0tengingarh\u00e1tt af s\u00f6gninni \u00e1 eftir)'. \u00deannig hefur <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir <\/em>(<em>\u00fea\u00f0<\/em>) <em>a\u00f0 <\/em>feta\u00f0 \u00ed f\u00f3tspor annarra vi\u00f0urkenningartenginga sem alltaf taka vi\u00f0tengingarh\u00e1tt. \u00deessi breyting \u00e1 h\u00e6tti, \u00e1samt hinni miklu aukningu \u00e1 notkun styttri ger\u00f0arinnar sem ver\u00f0ur \u00e1 svipu\u00f0um t\u00edma og kommum snarf\u00e6kkar \u00ed lengri ger\u00f0inni, g\u00e6ti l\u00edka bent til \u00feess a\u00f0 <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir <\/em>(<em>\u00fea\u00f0<\/em>) <em>a\u00f0 <\/em>hafi sm\u00e1tt og sm\u00e1tt veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00f3ast \u00ed sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0a og heildst\u00e6\u00f0a samtengingu \u00ed huga m\u00e1lnotenda. Hva\u00f0 sem \u00feessu l\u00ed\u00f0ur er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 samb\u00f6ndin <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 <\/em>og <em>\u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0<\/em> eiga s\u00e9r meira en h\u00e1lfrar annarrar aldar hef\u00f0 og fr\u00e1leitt a\u00f0 amast eitthva\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00feeim.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Um daginn f\u00e9kk \u00e9g handrit a\u00f0 grein til baka \u00far yfirlestri me\u00f0 nokkrum athugasemdum. Sumar \u00feeirra f\u00e9llst \u00e9g \u00e1 en a\u00f0rar ekki, eins og gengur, en ein kom m\u00e9r s\u00e9rstaklega \u00e1 \u00f3vart. \u00c9g haf\u00f0i skrifa\u00f0 \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 en yfirlesari breytt \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed enda \u00fe\u00f3tt me\u00f0 v\u00edsun \u00ed M\u00e1lfarsbankann \u00fear sem segir: \u201eOr\u00f0asambandi\u00f0 \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6190","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6190"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6190\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6191,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6190\/revisions\/6191"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6190"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6190"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6190"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}