{"id":6201,"date":"2024-03-22T14:37:01","date_gmt":"2024-03-22T14:37:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=6201"},"modified":"2024-03-22T14:37:01","modified_gmt":"2024-03-22T14:37:01","slug":"ef-ad-se-og-ef-ad-mundi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2024\/03\/22\/ef-ad-se-og-ef-ad-mundi\/","title":{"rendered":"Ef a\u00f0 s\u00e9 og ef a\u00f0 mundi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>H\u00e1ttanotkun \u00ed skilyr\u00f0issetningum sem hefjast \u00e1 <em>ef<\/em> hefur lengi veri\u00f0 \u00e1 reiki, enda reglur \u00fear um hvorki einfaldar n\u00e9 sk\u00fdrar. \u00cd <em>M\u00e1lfarsbankanum <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/malfar.arnastofnun.is\/grein\/72394\">segir<\/a>: \u201e\u00cd n\u00fat\u00ed\u00f0arsetningum er a\u00f0 jafna\u00f0i frams\u00f6guh\u00e1ttur: <em>Hann kemur ef hann getur<\/em> (ekki: \u201eef hann geti\u201c). <em>\u00deeir vilja fara ef \u00fea\u00f0 er h\u00e6gt<\/em> (ekki \u201eef \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 h\u00e6gt\u201c). \u00deegar sagnirnar <em>segja, telja<\/em> o.fl. koma \u00e1 undan skilyr\u00f0issetningum m\u00e1 nota vi\u00f0tengingarh\u00e1tt: <em>Hann segir a\u00f0 \u00feetta versni ef k\u00f3lni<\/em> (e\u00f0a <em>k\u00f3lnar<\/em>) <em>\u00ed ve\u00f0ri. H\u00fan telur a\u00f0 ef ekki dragi<\/em> (e\u00f0a <em>dregur<\/em>) <em>til t\u00ed\u00f0inda \u00ed kv\u00f6ld ver\u00f0i ekkert \u00far \u00feessum \u00e1formum.<\/em><em>\u201c <\/em>\u00dear sem v\u00edsa\u00f0 er til sagna eins og <em>segja<\/em> og <em>telja <\/em>er \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 sagnir sem geta teki\u00f0 me\u00f0 s\u00e9r sk\u00fdringarsetningu (<em>a\u00f0<\/em>-setningu) me\u00f0 s\u00f6gn sem ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 vera \u00ed vi\u00f0tengingarh\u00e6tti, t.d. <em>halda<\/em>, <em>\u00e1l\u00edta<\/em>, <em>vona <\/em>o.fl.<\/p>\n<p>\u00de\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 ekki sagt berum or\u00f0um s\u00e9st \u00e1 d\u00e6mum <em>M\u00e1lfarsbankans<\/em> a\u00f0 vi\u00f0tengingarh\u00e1ttur er talinn koma til greina ef skilyr\u00f0issetningin (<em>ef<\/em>-setningin) er hluti af sk\u00fdringarsetningu \u2013 \u00fe\u00e1 getur skilyr\u00f0issetningin \u201eerft\u201c vi\u00f0tengingarh\u00e1ttinn fr\u00e1 sk\u00fdringarsetningunni (\u201edomino effect\u201c eins og H\u00f6skuldur \u00der\u00e1insson skrifa\u00f0i einu sinni um). En vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 notkun vi\u00f0tengingarh\u00e1ttar \u00e1 eftir <em>ef<\/em> er h\u00e1\u00f0 fl\u00f3knum skilyr\u00f0um (\u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 skilyr\u00f0issetningin s\u00e9 hluti sk\u00fdringarsetningar og a\u00f0 sk\u00fdringarsetningin standi me\u00f0 s\u00f6gnum tiltekinnar merkingar) og er auk \u00feess valfrj\u00e1ls jafnvel a\u00f0 \u00feessum skilyr\u00f0um uppfylltum er ekki undarlegt a\u00f0 tilbrig\u00f0i komi upp. Vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 b\u00e6tist a\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0 er vi\u00f0tengingarh\u00e1ttur \u00e1 eftir <em>ef<\/em> s\u00e9 vi\u00f0tengingarh\u00e1ttur \u00ed a\u00f0alsetningunni \u2013 \u00e9g k\u00e6mi ef \u00e9g g\u00e6ti.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> m\u00e1 finna d\u00e6mi andst\u00e6\u00f0 reglu <em>M\u00e1lfarsbankans<\/em> allt fr\u00e1 upphafi 20. aldar. \u00cd <em>T\u00edmariti Hins \u00edslenzka b\u00f3kmentaf\u00e9lags<\/em> 1901 segir: \u201eEf \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 gert, t.d. stungi\u00f0 \u00ed bl\u00f6\u00f0runa, svo a\u00f0 h\u00fan springi, \u00fe\u00e1 ver\u00f0i nykurinn spakur \u00far \u00fev\u00ed.\u201c \u00cd <em>Sameiningunni<\/em> 1902 segir: \u201eEn ef hann s\u00e9 me\u00f0, \u00fe\u00e1 s\u00e9 raunar ekkert \u00e1 m\u00f3ti.\u201c \u00cd <em>\u00cdsafold<\/em> 1910 segir: \u201eLofar a\u00f0 kalla hann heim, ef hann s\u00e9 a\u00f0 tala um stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1l.\u201c \u00cd <em>V\u00edsi<\/em> 1916 segir: \u201eOg ef hann s\u00e9 nokku\u00f0 a\u00f0 l\u00e6\u00f0ast um og reyna a\u00f0 koma s\u00e9r \u00ed mj\u00fakinn, \u00fe\u00e1 skuli\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e9r sj\u00e1 um a\u00f0 hann ekki kembi h\u00e6rurnar.\u201c \u00cd <em>T\u00edmanum<\/em> 1931 segir: \u201eEn ef \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 ekki h\u00e6gt, \u00fe\u00e1 er bylting eina r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0.\u201c \u00cd <em>Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ubla\u00f0inu<\/em> 1940 segir: \u201e\u00deeim hl\u00fdtur \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 s\u00fdnast l\u00edfi\u00f0 vera gripur, sem sj\u00e1lfsagt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 farga, ef \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 m\u00f6nnum \u00f3\u00fe\u00e6gilegt.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd <em>Risam\u00e1lheildinni<\/em> er t\u00f6luvert af d\u00e6mum af \u00feessu tagi. \u00cd h\u00e9ra\u00f0sd\u00f3mi fr\u00e1 2013 segir: \u201eEf \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 r\u00e9ttur skilningur s\u00e9 stefndi tilb\u00fainn til samninga um \u00fea\u00f0.\u201c \u00c1 vef <em>R\u00edkis\u00fatvarpsins<\/em> 2010 segir: \u201eEf \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 h\u00e6gt h\u00e9r eigi \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 vera h\u00e6gt annars sta\u00f0ar.\u201c \u00c1 <em>f\u00f3tbolti.net<\/em> 2003 segir: \u201eEf h\u00fan s\u00e9 brotin \u00fe\u00e1 missi hann af n\u00e6stu \u00feremur vikum me\u00f0 li\u00f0inu.\u201c \u00cd <em>Morgunbla\u00f0inu<\/em> 2005 segir: \u201eEf \u00feetta s\u00e9 leyfilegt \u00fe\u00e1 s\u00e9u h\u00e9r uppi n\u00fdir t\u00edmar.\u201c \u00cd r\u00e6\u00f0u \u00e1 Al\u00feingi 1956 segir: \u201eEf hann s\u00e9 b\u00fainn a\u00f0 vera \u00ed tv\u00f6 \u00e1r , \u00fe\u00e1 er s\u00fdnilegt, a\u00f0 hann hefur \u00e1tt \u00ed miklum erfi\u00f0leikum me\u00f0 a\u00f0 koma h\u00fasinu \u00e1fram.\u201c \u00c1 <em>Bland.is<\/em> 2014 segir: \u201eEf \u00feetta s\u00e9 vitlaust \u00fe\u00e1 \u00fearftu a\u00f0 lei\u00f0r\u00e9tta.\u201c \u00c1 <em>Hugi.is<\/em> 2003 segir: \u201eEf \u00feetta s\u00e9 r\u00e9tt \u00fe\u00e1 gat hann bor\u00f0a\u00f0 fyrstu 70-80 \u00e1rin sem draugur, sem er rugl.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>Venjulega er vi\u00f0tengingarh\u00e1ttur tengdur vi\u00f0 \u00f3vissu og efa, en \u00fea\u00f0 er einmitt einkenni \u00e1 skilyr\u00f0issetningum. Ef sagt er <em>vi\u00f0 f\u00f6rum n\u00fana ef \u00fei\u00f0 eru\u00f0 tilb\u00fain<\/em> felst au\u00f0vita\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed \u00f3vissa um hvort \u00fei\u00f0 eru\u00f0 tilb\u00fain e\u00f0a ekki. \u00dea\u00f0 er l\u00edka h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 sleppa tengingunni <em>ef<\/em> og \u00fe\u00e1 er vi\u00f0tengingarh\u00e1ttur nau\u00f0synlegur \u2013 <em>vi\u00f0 f\u00f6rum n\u00fana, s\u00e9u\u00f0 \u00fei\u00f0 tilb\u00fain<\/em>. \u00deegar \u00feetta b\u00e6tist vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6r tilt\u00f6lulega fl\u00f3knu reglur sem gilda um h\u00e1ttanotkun \u00ed skilyr\u00f0issetningum er \u00fev\u00ed engin fur\u00f0a a\u00f0 m\u00e1lnotendur hafi stundum tilhneigingu til a\u00f0 segja <em>vi\u00f0 f\u00f6rum n\u00fana ef \u00fei\u00f0 s\u00e9u\u00f0 tilb\u00fain<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 m\u00e1 meira a\u00f0 segja halda \u00fev\u00ed fram a\u00f0 vegna \u00f3vissunnar s\u00e9 vi\u00f0tengingarh\u00e1ttur \u00fearna \u201er\u00f6kr\u00e9ttari\u201c en frams\u00f6guh\u00e1ttur, \u00fe\u00f3tt hafa ver\u00f0i \u00ed huga a\u00f0 m\u00e1li\u00f0 er ekki alltaf r\u00f6kr\u00e9tt og \u00e1 ekki a\u00f0 vera \u00fea\u00f0.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9g hef \u00e1 nokkrum st\u00f6\u00f0um s\u00e9\u00f0 ger\u00f0ar athugasemdir vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 forsetaframbj\u00f3\u00f0andi skuli hafa sagt \u201eEf a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 p\u00f3lit\u00edk a\u00f0 tala fyrir mannr\u00e9ttindum\u201c \u00ed sj\u00f3nvarpsvi\u00f0tali n\u00fdlega. M\u00e9r finnst fr\u00e1leitt a\u00f0 reka hornin \u00ed \u00fea\u00f0 \u2013 \u00feetta er algengt m\u00e1l og forseti \u00cdslands \u00e1 ekki a\u00f0 tala eitthvert dau\u00f0hreinsa\u00f0 m\u00e1l mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 hundra\u00f0 \u00e1ra gamlan m\u00e1lsta\u00f0al, heldur \u00fea\u00f0 m\u00e1l sem \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0in talar. En fleira hangir \u00e1 sp\u00fdtunni. \u00dea\u00f0 er oft tala\u00f0 um a\u00f0 vi\u00f0tengingarh\u00e1ttur eigi \u00ed v\u00f6k a\u00f0 verjast og frams\u00f6guh\u00e1ttur s\u00e9 n\u00fa i\u00f0ulega nota\u00f0ur \u00fear sem hef\u00f0 er fyrir vi\u00f0tengingarh\u00e6tti. En \u00ed \u00feessu tilviki er \u00fev\u00ed \u00fever\u00f6fugt fari\u00f0. S\u00e9 vi\u00f0tengingarh\u00e1ttur haf\u00f0ur \u00ed skilyr\u00f0issetningum eins og \u00fearna eykur \u00fea\u00f0 notkun hans og g\u00e6ti \u00fev\u00ed stu\u00f0la\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 halda \u00ed honum l\u00edfinu. \u00dea\u00f0 viljum vi\u00f0 \u00f6ll, er \u00fea\u00f0 ekki?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u00e1ttanotkun \u00ed skilyr\u00f0issetningum sem hefjast \u00e1 ef hefur lengi veri\u00f0 \u00e1 reiki, enda reglur \u00fear um hvorki einfaldar n\u00e9 sk\u00fdrar. \u00cd M\u00e1lfarsbankanum segir: \u201e\u00cd n\u00fat\u00ed\u00f0arsetningum er a\u00f0 jafna\u00f0i frams\u00f6guh\u00e1ttur: Hann kemur ef hann getur (ekki: \u201eef hann geti\u201c). \u00deeir vilja fara ef \u00fea\u00f0 er h\u00e6gt (ekki \u201eef \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 h\u00e6gt\u201c). \u00deegar sagnirnar segja, telja o.fl. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6201","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6201","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6201"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6201\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6202,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6201\/revisions\/6202"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6201"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6201"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6201"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}