{"id":6504,"date":"2024-06-28T15:38:02","date_gmt":"2024-06-28T15:38:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=6504"},"modified":"2024-06-28T15:40:39","modified_gmt":"2024-06-28T15:40:39","slug":"lytalaus-islenska-er-ekki-til","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2024\/06\/28\/lytalaus-islenska-er-ekki-til\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201eL\u00fdtalaus \u00edslenska\u201c er ekki til"},"content":{"rendered":"

Undanfari\u00f0 hefur or\u00f0i\u00f0 t\u00f6luver\u00f0 umr\u00e6\u00f0a um \u00edslensku \u00ed R\u00edkis\u00fatvarpinu, m.a. \u00ed framhaldi af k\u00e6ru<\/a> Kristj\u00e1ns Hreinssonar sk\u00e1lds til menningar- og vi\u00f0skiptar\u00e1\u00f0herra \u201evegna notkunar \u00edslenskrar tungu hj\u00e1 fj\u00f6lm\u00f6rgum starfsm\u00f6nnum R\u00edkis\u00fatvarpsins\u201c. K\u00e6ran \u201el\u00fdtur a\u00f0 meintum l\u00f6gbrotum sem sn\u00faa a\u00f0 einhli\u00f0a \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un starfsmanna R\u00daV, um a\u00f0 breyta \u00edslenskri tungu, fyrst og fremst me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 auka notkun hvorugkyns og draga \u00far notkun karlkyns \u00ed nafni kynhlutleysi \u00ed m\u00e1lfari [\u2026]. \u00deessi lei\u00f0 starfsmannanna gengur gegn laga\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um um a\u00f0 leggja r\u00e6kt vi\u00f0 \u00edslenskuna og vi\u00f0hafa l\u00fdtalaust m\u00e1lfar.\u201c Me\u00f0 tali um \u201el\u00f6gbrot\u201c er v\u00e6ntanlega v\u00edsa\u00f0 \u00ed<\/a> L\u00f6g um r\u00edkis\u00fatvarpi\u00f0, fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0il \u00ed almanna\u00fe\u00e1gu<\/em> nr. 23\/2013, en \u00fear er fjalla\u00f0 um \u00edslenska tungu \u00ed nokkrum greinum.<\/p>\n

\u00cd fyrstu grein laganna segir: \u201eR\u00edkis\u00fatvarpi\u00f0 [...] skal leggja r\u00e6kt vi\u00f0 \u00edslenska tungu, menningu, s\u00f6gu \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar og menningararfleif\u00f0.\u201c \u00cd sj\u00f6tta t\u00f6luli\u00f0 \u00feri\u00f0ju greinar segir: \u201eR\u00edkis\u00fatvarpi\u00f0 skal sinna menningarlegu hlutverki s\u00ednu m.a. me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0: [...] Leggja r\u00e6kt vi\u00f0 \u00edslenska tungu.\u201c \u00cd sj\u00f6ttu grein segir: \u201eEfni \u00e1 erlendu m\u00e1li, sem s\u00fdnt er \u00ed sj\u00f3nvarpsdagskr\u00e1 R\u00edkis\u00fatvarpsins, skal fylgja \u00edslenskt tal, \u00edslensk talsetning e\u00f0a texti \u00e1 \u00edslensku eftir \u00fev\u00ed sem vi\u00f0 \u00e1 hverju sinni. [...] Skal l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1hersla \u00e1 a\u00f0 allt tal og texti s\u00e9 \u00e1 l\u00fdtalausri \u00edslensku.\u201c \u00cd greinarger\u00f0<\/a> me\u00f0 frumvarpinu segir: \u201e\u00c1 [R\u00daV] eru lag\u00f0ar \u00fe\u00e6r skyldur a\u00f0 gera sitt \u00fdtrasta til a\u00f0 mi\u00f0la \u00edslensku m\u00e1li \u00feannig a\u00f0 hlustendur, lesendur og \u00e1horfendur geti treyst \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 tal og texti s\u00e9 \u00e1vallt \u00e1 l\u00fdtalausri \u00edslensku.\u201c<\/p>\n

En hvernig er \u201el\u00fdtalaus \u00edslenska\u201c? L\u00fdsingaror\u00f0i\u00f0 l\u00fdtalaus <\/em>er sk\u00fdrt 'sem hefur enga galla, gallalaus' \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em>. Forsenda fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 sl\u00edkt or\u00f0 hafi einhverja merkingu er a\u00f0 til s\u00e9 einhver fullkomin fyrirmynd e\u00f0a l\u00edkan \u2013 \u00fe\u00e1 er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 skilgreina \u00f6ll fr\u00e1vik fr\u00e1 \u00feeirri fyrirmynd sem galla <\/em>e\u00f0a l\u00fdti<\/em>. En \u00feegar um tungum\u00e1l er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a er sl\u00edk fyrirmynd ekki til. \u00cd \u00f6llum tungum\u00e1lum eru til einhver tilbrig\u00f0i og \u00fe\u00f3tt samsta\u00f0a kunni a\u00f0 vera um einhvern m\u00e1lsta\u00f0al tekur hann aldrei \u00e1 \u00feeim \u00f6llum. \u00c1kv\u00e6\u00f0i um \u201el\u00fdtalausa \u00edslensku\u201c er \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed raun merkingarlaust enda er \u00fea\u00f0 or\u00f0alag ekki nota\u00f0 \u00ed n\u00fdjum \u00fej\u00f3nustusamningi<\/a> menningar- og vi\u00f0skiptar\u00e1\u00f0herra vi\u00f0 R\u00daV heldur sagt: \u201e\u00c1hersla skal l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1 vanda\u00f0 m\u00e1l \u00ed \u00f6llum mi\u00f0lum [\u2026].\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 er sj\u00e1lfsagt a\u00f0 gera \u00fe\u00e1 kr\u00f6fu til starfsf\u00f3lks R\u00edkis\u00fatvarpsins a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 vandi sig \u00ed \u00f6llum s\u00ednum st\u00f6rfum. En \u00f3bilgj\u00f6rn krafa um \u201el\u00fdtalausa \u00edslensku\u201c getur beinl\u00ednis unni\u00f0 gegn meginmarkmi\u00f0i Laga um R\u00edkis\u00fatvarpi\u00f0 <\/em>eins og \u00fea\u00f0 er sett fram \u00ed fyrstu grein laganna: \u201eMarkmi\u00f0 laga \u00feessara er a\u00f0 stu\u00f0la a\u00f0 l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegri umr\u00e6\u00f0u, menningarlegri fj\u00f6lbreytni og f\u00e9lagslegri samheldni \u00ed \u00edslensku samf\u00e9lagi me\u00f0 fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0la\u00fej\u00f3nustu \u00ed almanna\u00fe\u00e1gu.\u201c A\u00f0 \u00fatiloka anna\u00f0 f\u00f3lk en \u00fea\u00f0 sem talar \u201el\u00fdtalausa \u00edslensku\u201c (og er varla til) stu\u00f0lar vitaskuld ekki a\u00f0 \u201el\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegri umr\u00e6\u00f0u, menningarlegri fj\u00f6lbreytni og f\u00e9lagslegri samheldni\u201c \u00ed samf\u00e9laginu. \u00devert \u00e1 m\u00f3ti \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 hamlar l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegri umr\u00e6\u00f0u, hampar \u00e1kve\u00f0num h\u00f3pum \u00e1 kostna\u00f0 annarra og kl\u00fdfur samf\u00e9lagi\u00f0.<\/p>\n

\u00cd skilgreiningu \u00e1 v\u00f6ndu\u00f0u m\u00e1li <\/em>\u00ed M\u00e1lstefnu R\u00daV<\/a> <\/em>segir: \u201eVanda\u00f0 m\u00e1l er markvisst og felst \u00ed vi\u00f0eigandi or\u00f0avali, r\u00e9ttum beygingum og e\u00f0lilegri or\u00f0skipan. \u00cd frambur\u00f0i skal g\u00e6tt a\u00f0 sk\u00fdrri hlj\u00f3\u00f0m\u00f3tun, r\u00e9ttum \u00e1herslum og e\u00f0lilegu hlj\u00f3mfalli samfellds m\u00e1ls.\u201c \u00cd m\u00e1lstefnunni segir einnig: \u201eR\u00daV hefur fyrst og fremst m\u00e1lr\u00e6kt a\u00f0 lei\u00f0arlj\u00f3si \u00ed m\u00e1lstefnu sinni en m\u00e1lp\u00f3lit\u00edk er \u00fe\u00f3 samofin henni. Fylgt er skilgreiningu<\/a> \u00e1 m\u00e1lr\u00e6kt \u00ed m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0ior\u00f0asafni<\/a> \u00ed \u00cd\u00f0or\u00f0abanka<\/a><\/em> Stofnunar \u00c1rna Magn\u00fassonar \u00ed \u00edslenskum fr\u00e6\u00f0um.\u201c \u00dear segir m.a.: \u201eM\u00e1lr\u00e6kt getur l\u00edka n\u00e1\u00f0 til annarra tilrauna [en \u00feeirra a\u00f0 mynda n\u00fd or\u00f0 af innlendum stofni e\u00f0a laga erlend or\u00f0 a\u00f0 beygingum og hlj\u00f3\u00f0kerfi \u00feess] til \u00feess a\u00f0 gera m\u00e1li\u00f0 h\u00e6fara til a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3na hlutverki s\u00ednu \u00ed samf\u00e9laginu.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00deetta er mj\u00f6g mikilv\u00e6gt. \u00dea\u00f0 er grundvallaratri\u00f0i a\u00f0 m\u00e1lfar \u00ed R\u00edkis\u00fatvarpinu endurspegli fj\u00f6lbreytileika samf\u00e9lagsins \u00e1 hverjum t\u00edma, enda segir \u00ed \u00e1\u00f0urnefndum \u00fej\u00f3nustusamningi: \u201eGert er r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir a\u00f0 m\u00e1lstefna R\u00edkis\u00fatvarpsins s\u00e9 \u00ed st\u00f6\u00f0ugri endursko\u00f0un og \u00ed henni s\u00e9u einnig sett fram vi\u00f0mi\u00f0 um mismunandi m\u00e1lsni\u00f0 eftir tegundum dagskr\u00e1refnis.\u201c \u00cd m\u00e1lstefnunni segir l\u00edka: \u201eMikilv\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 hafa \u00ed huga a\u00f0 m\u00e1lsni\u00f0 getur veri\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fdmsu m\u00f3ti og misjafnlega formlegt. Or\u00f0aval og talsm\u00e1ti kann a\u00f0 taka mi\u00f0 af \u00fev\u00ed.\u201c \u00cd \u00feessu felst vitanlega skilningur og vi\u00f0urkenning \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 m\u00e1l getur veri\u00f0 vanda\u00f0<\/em> \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 vera einsleitt<\/em>. Umbur\u00f0arlyndi gagnvart tilbrig\u00f0um og fj\u00f6lbreytileika \u00ed m\u00e1li er forsenda \u00feess a\u00f0 R\u00daV geti sinnt skyldum s\u00ednum vi\u00f0 samf\u00e9lagi\u00f0.<\/p>\n

\u00deess vegna er \u00e1\u00f0urnefnd k\u00e6ra Kristj\u00e1ns Hreinssonar \u00fat \u00ed h\u00f6tt \u2013 \u201el\u00fdtalaus \u00edslenska\u201c er ekki til og fr\u00e1leitt a\u00f0 fullyr\u00f0a<\/a> a\u00f0 breytingar sem sumt starfsf\u00f3lk R\u00edkis\u00fatvarpsins hefur gert \u00e1 m\u00e1li s\u00ednu \u00ed \u00e1tt til kynhlutleysis valdi \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00edslenskan s\u00e9 \u201edau\u00f0ad\u00e6md\u201c. \u00de\u00f3tt sko\u00f0anir s\u00e9u skiptar \u00e1 \u00feeim breytingum er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 \u00feau sem \u00fe\u00e6r gera telja sig vera a\u00f0 \u201eleggja r\u00e6kt vi\u00f0 \u00edslenska tungu\u201c. Hins vegar er \u00f3h\u00e6tt a\u00f0 fullyr\u00f0a a\u00f0 a\u00f0rar og miklu st\u00e6rri h\u00e6ttur ste\u00f0ja a\u00f0 \u00edslenskunni um \u00feessar mundir, og ef \u00e1 a\u00f0 gagnr\u00fdna R\u00daV fyrir \u00f3vanda\u00f0 m\u00e1l er n\u00e6r a\u00f0 beina sj\u00f3num a\u00f0 notkun enskra or\u00f0a \u00ed \u00edslensku samhengi \u00fear sem v\u00f6l er \u00e1 \u00edslenskum or\u00f0um. \u00dev\u00ed mi\u00f0ur ber t\u00f6luvert \u00e1 \u00feessu \u00ed R\u00daV \u2013 en \u00e9g l\u00e6t ykkur eftir a\u00f0 \u00edhuga hvers vegna fremur er k\u00e6rt \u00fat af kynhlutlausu m\u00e1li.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Undanfari\u00f0 hefur or\u00f0i\u00f0 t\u00f6luver\u00f0 umr\u00e6\u00f0a um \u00edslensku \u00ed R\u00edkis\u00fatvarpinu, m.a. \u00ed framhaldi af k\u00e6ru Kristj\u00e1ns Hreinssonar sk\u00e1lds til menningar- og vi\u00f0skiptar\u00e1\u00f0herra \u201evegna notkunar \u00edslenskrar tungu hj\u00e1 fj\u00f6lm\u00f6rgum starfsm\u00f6nnum R\u00edkis\u00fatvarpsins\u201c. K\u00e6ran \u201el\u00fdtur a\u00f0 meintum l\u00f6gbrotum sem sn\u00faa a\u00f0 einhli\u00f0a \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un starfsmanna R\u00daV, um a\u00f0 breyta \u00edslenskri tungu, fyrst og fremst me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 auka notkun hvorugkyns […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6504","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6504","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6504"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6504\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6507,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6504\/revisions\/6507"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6504"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6504"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6504"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}