{"id":6517,"date":"2024-07-03T15:10:10","date_gmt":"2024-07-03T15:10:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=6517"},"modified":"2024-07-03T15:10:10","modified_gmt":"2024-07-03T15:10:10","slug":"hvernig-upplifid-thid-merkinguna-i-upplifun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2024\/07\/03\/hvernig-upplifid-thid-merkinguna-i-upplifun\/","title":{"rendered":"Hvernig upplifi\u00f0 \u00fei\u00f0 merkinguna \u00ed upplifun?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00f6gnin <em>upplifa<\/em> og nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>upplifun <\/em>voru h\u00e9r til umr\u00e6\u00f0u \u00ed g\u00e6r. \u00deessi or\u00f0 hafa ekki alltaf \u00fe\u00f3tt v\u00f6ndu\u00f0 \u00edslenska \u2013 \u00ed m\u00f3\u00f0urm\u00e1ls\u00fe\u00e6tti <em>V\u00edsis <\/em>1956 <a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/page\/1184860?iabr=on#page\/n5\/mode\/1up\/\">sag\u00f0i<\/a> Eir\u00edkur Hreinn Finnbogason: \u201eS\u00f6gnin a\u00f0 <strong>upplifa<\/strong> eitthva\u00f0 er mj\u00f6g notu\u00f0 n\u00fa, en h\u00fan er tekin beint \u00far d\u00f6nskunni, opleve noget. H\u00fan fer illa \u00ed \u00edslenzku, og samkv\u00e6mt \u00edsl. m\u00e1lvenju vir\u00f0ist h\u00fan hlj\u00f3ta a\u00f0 merkja <strong>endurlifa<\/strong>, <strong>lifa eitthva\u00f0 upp aftur<\/strong>. F\u00f3lk upplifir hi\u00f0 l\u00edklegasta og \u00f3l\u00edklegasta, upplifir skemmtanir, upplifir daga, upplifir jafnvel st\u00f6rf. \u00c6tti a\u00f0 for\u00f0ast a\u00f0 taka \u00feannig til or\u00f0a, enda er au\u00f0velt a\u00f0 komast hj\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed.\u201c Seinna sama \u00e1r var s\u00f6gnin aftur tekin fyrir \u00ed \u00fe\u00e6ttinum og <a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/page\/1186774?iabr=on#page\/n3\/mode\/1up\/\">sagt<\/a>: \u201e\u00c1vallt er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 nota \u00edslenzka s\u00f6gn \u00fear sem upplifa er notu\u00f0, svo sem <strong>lifa<\/strong>, <strong>reyna<\/strong>, <strong>\u00feola<\/strong>, <strong>eiga,<\/strong> <strong>vinna<\/strong> o.s.frv.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>Sama gildir um nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>upplifun <\/em>en Baldur J\u00f3nsson <a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/page\/6516880?iabr=on#page\/n25\/mode\/1up\/\">benti \u00e1<\/a> a\u00f0 vi\u00f0skeyti\u00f0 <em>-un <\/em>v\u00e6ri yfirleitt a\u00f0eins nota\u00f0 til a\u00f0 mynda verkna\u00f0arnafnor\u00f0 af s\u00f6gnum sem enda \u00e1 <em>-a\u00f0i<\/em> \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0 en ekki af svok\u00f6llu\u00f0um <em>\u0207<\/em>-s\u00f6gnum eins og <em>lifa <\/em>en fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed v\u00e6ru \u00fe\u00f3 undantekningar. \u201eHelst eru <em>innlifun<\/em> og <em>upplifun<\/em>, h\u00e1lfdanskrar \u00e6ttar, sbr. d. <em>indleve<\/em> og <em>opleve<\/em> (\u00fear af \u00edsl. <em>upplifa<\/em>) [\u2026]\u201c og Baldur taldi a\u00f0 \u00ed raun og veru v\u00e6ru \u201esl\u00edk or\u00f0 rangmyndu\u00f0\u201c. Elsta d\u00e6mi um <em>upplifa <\/em>\u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is <\/em>er fr\u00e1 1893 en elsta d\u00e6mi um <em>upplifun <\/em>fr\u00e1 1938. T\u00ed\u00f0ni beggja or\u00f0a j\u00f3kst lengi sm\u00e1tt og sm\u00e1tt, en mj\u00f6g hratt eftir 1980 \u2013 alls eru yfir hundra\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fasund d\u00e6mi um s\u00f6gnina og um fimmt\u00edu \u00fe\u00fasund um nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0. \u00deetta er \u00fev\u00ed enn eitt d\u00e6mi um a\u00f0 \u00e1bendingar \u00ed m\u00e1lfars\u00fe\u00e1ttum hafi l\u00edti\u00f0 a\u00f0 segja.<\/p>\n<p>En umr\u00e6\u00f0an \u00ed g\u00e6r snerist ekki um uppruna or\u00f0anna <em>upplifa <\/em>og <em>upplifun<\/em> heldur merkingu \u00feeirra og notkun. \u00cd <em>\u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>er <a href=\"https:\/\/islenskordabok.arnastofnun.is\/ord\/43460\">nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0<\/a> sk\u00fdrt 'g\u00f3\u00f0 e\u00f0a \u00e1hrifar\u00edk reynsla sem ma\u00f0ur ver\u00f0ur fyrir' me\u00f0 d\u00e6minu <em>t\u00f3nleikarnir voru alveg einst\u00f6k upplifun<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/islenskordabok.arnastofnun.is\/ord\/43459\">S\u00f6gnin<\/a> er sk\u00fdr\u00f0 'ver\u00f0a fyrir \u00e1kve\u00f0inni reynslu' og eitt notkunard\u00e6mi\u00f0 er \u201aamma hefur upplifa\u00f0 \u00fdmislegt um dagana\u2018 sem fellur vel a\u00f0 sk\u00fdringunni. En s\u00f6gninni fylgja tv\u00f6 \u00f6nnur notkunard\u00e6mi \u2013 <em>hann f\u00f3r vestur til a\u00f0 upplifa magna\u00f0a orku j\u00f6kulsins<\/em> og <em>hvernig upplif\u00f0u\u00f0 \u00fei\u00f0 sk\u00f3lag\u00f6nguna \u00e1 \u00feeim t\u00edma?<\/em>. \u00cd \u00feessum d\u00e6mum er merkingin eiginlega frekar 'skynjun, tilfinning' en 'reynsla'. Vissulega er ekki alltaf mikill munur \u00e1 \u00feessu en hann getur samt veri\u00f0 mikilv\u00e6gur.<\/p>\n<p>\u00deessi merkingarmunur endurspeglast \u00ed setningager\u00f0inni. Ef merkingin er 'reynsla' tekur <em>upplifa <\/em>oftast me\u00f0 s\u00e9r nafnor\u00f0 sem andlag \u2013 \u201eB\u00f6rn sem hafa upplifa\u00f0 hungursney\u00f0 \u00feroskast ekki e\u00f0lilega\u201c segir \u00ed <em>Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>2017, \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 er ekkert au\u00f0veldara a\u00f0 upplifa tr\u00fana\u00f0arbrot \u00ed n\u00e1nu sambandi\u201c segir \u00ed <em>Fr\u00e9ttabla\u00f0inu <\/em>2019. Ef merkingin er 'skynjun, tilfinning' getur <em>upplifa <\/em>einnig teki\u00f0 nafnor\u00f0sandlag, eins og \u201e\u00c9g skil samt a\u00f0 hann upplifir h\u00f6fnun\u201c \u00ed <em>V\u00edsi <\/em>2019, en oftast tekur h\u00fan samt pers\u00f3nu- e\u00f0a \u00e1bendingarfornafn a\u00f0 vi\u00f0b\u00e6ttum samanbur\u00f0arli\u00f0 e\u00f0a aukasetningu, oft me\u00f0 <em>\u00feannig <\/em>e\u00f0a <em>svo<\/em> \u2013 \u201eStarfsf\u00f3lki\u00f0 upplif\u00f0i \u00feetta sem vantraust\u201c segir \u00ed <em>V\u00edsi <\/em>2011, \u201e\u00c9g upplifi \u00fea\u00f0 \u00feannig a\u00f0 f\u00f3lk hafi fengi\u00f0 alla \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0sto\u00f0 sem \u00fea\u00f0 \u00feurfti\u201c segir \u00ed <em>Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>2015.<\/p>\n<p>Merkingin 'reynsla' er v\u00e6ntanlega eldri eins og or\u00f0ab\u00f3kask\u00fdringar benda til, en 'skynjun, tilfinning' vir\u00f0ist vera a\u00f0almerkingin \u00ed seinni t\u00ed\u00f0. Meginmunurinn er s\u00e1 a\u00f0 <em>reynsla <\/em>er hlutl\u00e6g en <em>skynjun <\/em>e\u00f0a <em>tilfinning <\/em>hugl\u00e6g. \u00deess vegna er ekki h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 draga reynslu \u00ed efa e\u00f0a hafna henni nema me\u00f0 r\u00f6kum en skynjun e\u00f0a tilfinning er einstaklingsbundin \u2013 \u00fear ver\u00f0ur r\u00f6kum ekki vi\u00f0 komi\u00f0 \u00e1 sama h\u00e1tt. Umr\u00e6\u00f0an \u00ed g\u00e6r spratt einmitt af \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 m\u00e1lshefjanda fannst or\u00f0in <em>upplifa <\/em>og <em>upplifun <\/em>i\u00f0ulega notu\u00f0 til a\u00f0 draga \u00far v\u00e6gi \u00feess sem sagt er \u2013 til a\u00f0 benda \u00e1 a\u00f0 ekki v\u00e6ri um \u00f3umdeildar sta\u00f0reyndir a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a heldur einstaklingsbundna skynjun e\u00f0a tilfinningu og gefa \u00fear me\u00f0 \u00ed skyn, me\u00f0vita\u00f0 e\u00f0a \u00f3me\u00f0vita\u00f0, a\u00f0 \u00f6nnur hli\u00f0 kynni a\u00f0 vera \u00e1 m\u00e1linu.<\/p>\n<p>Um \u00feetta er au\u00f0velt a\u00f0 finna fj\u00f6lda d\u00e6ma. \u00cd <em>Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>2007 segir: \u201eStarfsf\u00f3lk Tryggingastofnunar harmar a\u00f0 upplifun R\u00f6gnu Bjarkar af samskiptum vi\u00f0 Tryggingastofnun skuli vera \u00e1 \u00feann veg sem h\u00fan l\u00fdsir.\u201c \u00cd fyrirs\u00f6gn \u00ed <em>DV <\/em>2010 segir: \u201eKB r\u00e1\u00f0gj\u00f6f harmar upplifun fe\u00f0gina.\u201c \u00cd <em>V\u00edsi <\/em>2016 segir: \u201e\u00deykir mj\u00f6g leitt a\u00f0 upplifun Helgu hafi veri\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00feennan veg.\u201c \u00c1 vef <em>R\u00edkis\u00fatvarpsins <\/em>2018 segir: \u201eStj\u00f3rninni \u00feykir leitt a\u00f0 upplifun fr\u00e1farandi starfsmanna hafi veri\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00feessum h\u00e6tti.\u201c \u00c1 <em>mbl.is <\/em>2020 segir: \u201eRagnar segir [\u2026] a\u00f0 honum \u00feyki leitt a\u00f0 upplifun f\u00e9lagsmanna skuli vera me\u00f0 \u00feessum h\u00e6tti.\u201c \u00c1 <em>V\u00edsi <\/em>2024 segir: \u201eSp\u00edtalinn telji afar mi\u00f0ur a\u00f0 upplifun [\u2026] hafi veri\u00f0 s\u00fa a\u00f0 ekki v\u00e6ri hlusta\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00e1hyggjur hennar og \u00e1bendingar.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>\u00dea\u00f0 er \u00ed sj\u00e1lfu s\u00e9r ekkert athugavert vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 nota <em>upplifun <\/em>og <em>upplifa <\/em>\u00e1 \u00feennan h\u00e1tt, en \u00fea\u00f0 er hins vegar lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 \u00feau sem tala um <em>upplifun <\/em>\u00ed \u00feessum d\u00e6mum telja a\u00f0 umr\u00e6dd <em>upplifun<\/em> s\u00e9 ekki \u00ed fullu samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 sta\u00f0reyndir. \u00dea\u00f0 er vitanlega r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 f\u00f3lk <em>upplifir <\/em>hlutina oft \u00f6\u00f0ruv\u00edsi en \u00feeir eru \u00ed raun og veru, en <em>upplifunin <\/em>skiptir samt m\u00e1li og \u00fea\u00f0 er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 hlusta \u00e1 hana og taka tillit til hennar. \u00deess vegna er \u00f3heppilegt ef or\u00f0in eru notu\u00f0 til a\u00f0 draga \u00far v\u00e6gi \u00feess sem haldi\u00f0 er fram og jafnvel h\u00f6f\u00f0 um eitthva\u00f0 sem ekki byggist \u00e1 skynjun e\u00f0a tilfinningu heldur beinl\u00ednis reynslu, eins og ef sagt er a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 <em>sl\u00e6mt a\u00f0 f\u00f3lk<\/em> <em>upplifi a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 komist ekki a\u00f0 hj\u00e1 l\u00e6kni<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 er ekkert v\u00edst a\u00f0 or\u00f0in s\u00e9u alltaf notu\u00f0 svona viljandi, en mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 hafa \u00feetta \u00ed huga.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00f6gnin upplifa og nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 upplifun voru h\u00e9r til umr\u00e6\u00f0u \u00ed g\u00e6r. \u00deessi or\u00f0 hafa ekki alltaf \u00fe\u00f3tt v\u00f6ndu\u00f0 \u00edslenska \u2013 \u00ed m\u00f3\u00f0urm\u00e1ls\u00fe\u00e6tti V\u00edsis 1956 sag\u00f0i Eir\u00edkur Hreinn Finnbogason: \u201eS\u00f6gnin a\u00f0 upplifa eitthva\u00f0 er mj\u00f6g notu\u00f0 n\u00fa, en h\u00fan er tekin beint \u00far d\u00f6nskunni, opleve noget. H\u00fan fer illa \u00ed \u00edslenzku, og samkv\u00e6mt \u00edsl. m\u00e1lvenju vir\u00f0ist [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6517","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6517","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6517"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6517\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6518,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6517\/revisions\/6518"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6517"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6517"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6517"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}