{"id":6555,"date":"2024-07-10T23:48:46","date_gmt":"2024-07-10T23:48:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=6555"},"modified":"2024-07-10T23:48:46","modified_gmt":"2024-07-10T23:48:46","slug":"flokkshestar-og-flokksgaedingar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2024\/07\/10\/flokkshestar-og-flokksgaedingar\/","title":{"rendered":"Flokkshestar og flokksg\u00e6\u00f0ingar"},"content":{"rendered":"

Or\u00f0i\u00f0 flokkshestur <\/em>er ekki \u00ed or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 or\u00f0i\u00f0 aldargamalt \u00ed m\u00e1linu. Elsta d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00ed Heimskringlu <\/em>1927: \u201eg\u00f6mlu flokkshestunum liggur aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti vi\u00f0 f\u00e6lni, ef \u00feeir sj\u00e1 einhvern, sem vantar flokksmerki\u00f0\u201c. En s\u00ed\u00f0an l\u00ed\u00f0ur h\u00e1tt \u00ed h\u00e1lf \u00f6ld uns \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9st n\u00e6st, \u00ed T\u00edmanum <\/em>1971: \u201e\u00cd b\u00f3kum hans eru sk\u00farkarnir frj\u00e1lslyndir menntamenn, og hetjurnar g\u00f3\u00f0ir og \u00edhaldssamir flokkshestar.\u201c \u00cd Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ubla\u00f0inu <\/em>1973 segir: \u201e\u00ed augum flokkanna er \u00feing Sameinu\u00f0u \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0anna einskonar n\u00e1tt\u00farul\u00e6kningah\u00e6li fyrir \u00fatjaska\u00f0a flokkshesta.\u201c \u00cd Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ubla\u00f0inu <\/em>1976 segir: \u201e\u00de\u00e6r eru l\u00edka skrifa\u00f0ar af \u201evenjulegu\u201c f\u00f3lki og um daglegt l\u00edf, en ekki uppsu\u00f0a misviturra leigupenna lundlei\u00f0ra flokkshesta.\u201c Upp \u00far \u00feessu ver\u00f0ur or\u00f0i\u00f0 nokku\u00f0 algengt.<\/p>\n

En hva\u00f0 merkir flokkshestur<\/em>? \u00cd \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0viljanum <\/em>1977 segir: \u201e\u00c9g ver\u00f0 a\u00f0 j\u00e1ta a\u00f0 \u00e9g hef ekki veri\u00f0 neinn flokkshestur \u00ed starfi en hef \u00fe\u00f3 borga\u00f0 g\u00edr\u00f3se\u00f0la samviskusamlega.\u201c \u00cd minningargrein um mann sem vann miki\u00f0 fyrir flokkinn sinn \u00ed Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ubla\u00f0inu <\/em>1985 segir: \u201eEinatt er tala\u00f0 \u00f3vir\u00f0ulega um sl\u00edka menn og \u00feeim valdar nafngiftir eins og \u201eflokkshestar\u201c e\u00f0a \u201ef\u00f3tg\u00f6nguli\u00f0ar\u201c. \u00cd B\u00e6jarins besta <\/em>1997 segir: \u201e\u00deetta hlutverk mun vera vel\u00feekkt hj\u00e1 hinum svok\u00f6llu\u00f0u flokkshestum sem va\u00f0a eld og eimyrju fyrir flokkinn sinn hversu annarlega stefnu sem hann kann a\u00f0 reka.\u201c \u00cd Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>2013 segir: \u201e\u00c9g hef alltaf veri\u00f0 p\u00f3lit\u00edskur en aldrei veri\u00f0 flokkshestur. \u00c9g leyfi m\u00e9r a\u00f0 vera gagnr\u00fdninn og greinandi \u00e1 \u00feann h\u00e1tt sem m\u00e9r s\u00fdnist sannast og best.\u201c<\/p>\n

Or\u00f0i\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist \u00fev\u00ed helst nota\u00f0 um f\u00f3lk sem sty\u00f0ur flokkinn sinn gagnr\u00fdnislaust gegnum \u00feykkt og \u00feunnt, vinnur miki\u00f0 fyrir hann og styrkir hann \u00e1 \u00fdmsan h\u00e1tt. Oft fylgir l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0i\u00f0 gamall <\/em>\u2013 \u00ed V\u00edsi <\/em>1978 segir: \u201e\u00deeim hefur veri\u00f0 \u00fdtt til hli\u00f0ar a\u00f0 kosningum loknum af g\u00f6mlu flokkshestunum.\u201c Yfirleitt v\u00edsar gamall <\/em>\u00fe\u00e1 fremur til langrar veru \u00ed flokknum og \u00edhaldssemi og sterkrar st\u00f6\u00f0u sem af henni lei\u00f0ir fremur en til aldurs \u00feeirra sem um er r\u00e6tt, enda einnig til ungir flokkshestar \u2013 \u201eAl\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0uflokks- og al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ubandalagsmenn kvarta s\u00e1ran undan \u00fev\u00ed hve l\u00edti\u00f0 er um unga \u201eflokkshesta\u201c innan \u00feeirra ra\u00f0a\u201c segir \u00ed Luxus <\/em>1985 og \u00fear er v\u00e6ntanlega \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 f\u00f3lk sem er f\u00fast til a\u00f0 f\u00f3rna s\u00e9r fyrir flokkinn og leggja \u00e1 sig vinnu fyrir hann.<\/p>\n

Anna\u00f0 skylt or\u00f0 er flokksg\u00e6\u00f0ingur <\/em>sem sk\u00fdrt<\/a> er 'valdamikill ma\u00f0ur innan stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1laflokks' \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> en or\u00f0i\u00f0 v\u00edsar \u00fe\u00f3 ekki s\u00edst til \u00feeirra sem flokkurinn hampar og hyglar \u00e1 \u00fdmsan h\u00e1tt. \u00deetta or\u00f0 er b\u00e6\u00f0i eldra og mun algengara en flokkshestur <\/em>\u2013 elsta d\u00e6mi\u00f0 er \u00ed Baldri <\/em>1909: \u201eeignum \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar, sem \u00feeir eru k\u00e6r\u00f0ir um a\u00f0 hafa selt \u00ed hendur au\u00f0fjelaga og \u00fdmsra flokksg\u00e6\u00f0inga.\u201c \u00cd L\u00f6gbergi <\/em>1915 segir: \u201e\u00f3r\u00e1\u00f0vandir flokksg\u00e6\u00f0ingar draga dollarana \u00ed milj\u00f3na tali \u00far r\u00edkissj\u00f3\u00f0i.\u201c \u00cd Eimrei\u00f0inni <\/em>1916 segir: \u201ee\u00f0a til a\u00f0 borga skuldir flokkanna fr\u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu kosninga-erjunum, og skuldir flokksg\u00e6\u00f0inganna.\u201c \u00cd Skildi <\/em>1924 segir: \u201e\u00fea\u00f0 er svo handh\u00e6gt a\u00f0 hafa \u00feessa verslun til yfirr\u00e1\u00f0a, ef b\u00faa \u00fearf til st\u00f6\u00f0u handa flokksg\u00e6\u00f0ingi.\u201c<\/p>\n

Oftast vir\u00f0ist vera nokkur merkingarmunur \u00e1 flokkshesti <\/em>og flokksg\u00e6\u00f0ingi<\/em> en stundum eru or\u00f0in \u00fe\u00f3 notu\u00f0 \u00ed s\u00f6mu merkingu. \u00cd Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>2005 segir t.d. um n\u00fdjan lei\u00f0toga K\u00edna: \u201eSvari\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist vera a\u00f0 hinn n\u00fdi lei\u00f0togi s\u00e9 vel taminn flokkshestur [\u2026] Flest benti til \u00feess a\u00f0 hann v\u00e6ri fyrst og fremst \u00fe\u00e6gur flokksg\u00e6\u00f0ingur.\u201c Tr\u00falegt er a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 flokkshestur <\/em>s\u00e9 mynda\u00f0 me\u00f0 hli\u00f0sj\u00f3n af flokksg\u00e6\u00f0ingur <\/em>sem er eldra eins og fyrr segir \u2013 or\u00f0i\u00f0 g\u00e6\u00f0ingur <\/em>er sk\u00fdrt<\/a> b\u00e6\u00f0i 'ma\u00f0ur \u00ed s\u00e9rstakri n\u00e1\u00f0 hj\u00e1 valdam\u00f6nnum' og 'mj\u00f6g g\u00f3\u00f0ur rei\u00f0hestur' \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em>. En \u00f6nnur fyrirmynd g\u00e6ti veri\u00f0 vinnuhestur <\/em>sem er sk\u00fdrt<\/a> 's\u00e1 e\u00f0a s\u00fa sem er mj\u00f6g duglegur vi\u00f0 vinnu' \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 samr\u00e6mist vel hlutverki flokkshestanna<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Or\u00f0i\u00f0 flokkshestur er ekki \u00ed or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 or\u00f0i\u00f0 aldargamalt \u00ed m\u00e1linu. Elsta d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00ed Heimskringlu 1927: \u201eg\u00f6mlu flokkshestunum liggur aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti vi\u00f0 f\u00e6lni, ef \u00feeir sj\u00e1 einhvern, sem vantar flokksmerki\u00f0\u201c. En s\u00ed\u00f0an l\u00ed\u00f0ur h\u00e1tt \u00ed h\u00e1lf \u00f6ld uns \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9st n\u00e6st, \u00ed T\u00edmanum 1971: \u201e\u00cd b\u00f3kum hans eru sk\u00farkarnir […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6555","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6555","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6555"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6555\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6556,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6555\/revisions\/6556"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6555"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6555"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6555"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}