{"id":6580,"date":"2024-07-17T11:54:20","date_gmt":"2024-07-17T11:54:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=6580"},"modified":"2024-07-17T11:59:38","modified_gmt":"2024-07-17T11:59:38","slug":"ferdamannaidnadur-og-ferdathjonusta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2024\/07\/17\/ferdamannaidnadur-og-ferdathjonusta\/","title":{"rendered":"Fer\u00f0amannai\u00f0na\u00f0ur og fer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nusta"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>fer\u00f0amannai\u00f0na\u00f0ur <\/em>bar \u00e1 g\u00f3ma h\u00e9r \u00ed g\u00e6r \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0u um anna\u00f0 efni. Oft hefur veri\u00f0 amast vi\u00f0 \u00feessu or\u00f0i, m.a. vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 seinni li\u00f0urinn, <em>-i\u00f0na\u00f0ur<\/em>, eigi ekki heima \u00fearna vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 hann merki 'v\u00e9lv\u00e6dd e\u00f0a sj\u00e1lfvirk framlei\u00f0sla efna og varnings \u00far hr\u00e1efnum' svo a\u00f0 <a href=\"https:\/\/islenskordabok.arnastofnun.is\/ord\/22346\">vitna\u00f0 s\u00e9<\/a> \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenska n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em>. En \u00fear er reyndar l\u00edka gefin \u00f6nnur merking or\u00f0sins \u00ed samsetningum \u2013 'umfangsmikil atvinnugrein, s.s. kvikmyndai\u00f0na\u00f0ur, fer\u00f0amannai\u00f0na\u00f0ur'. \u00deess ber einnig a\u00f0 geta a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>i\u00f0na\u00f0ur <\/em>eitt og s\u00e9r vir\u00f0ist st\u00f6ku sinnum hafa geta\u00f0 merkt 'atvinnugrein' \u00e1\u00f0ur fyrr \u2013 \u00ed <em>\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0\u00f3lfi <\/em>1854 segir: \u201eEnginn i\u00f0na\u00f0ur er eins gamall, e\u00f0a hefur jafnlengi veri\u00f0 stunda\u00f0ur af mannkyninu, eins og jar\u00f0yrkjan.\u201c En \u00feetta er mj\u00f6g sjaldg\u00e6ft.<\/p>\n<p>Elsta d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>fer\u00f0amannai\u00f0na\u00f0ur<\/em> \u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is <\/em>er fr\u00e1 1949: \u201eEn \u00feau hafa mikla \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu fyrir fer\u00f0amannai\u00f0na\u00f0inn \u00ed Manitoba.\u201c \u00deetta er \u00far vestur\u00edslenska bla\u00f0inu <em>L\u00f6gbergi <\/em>og l\u00edtill vafi \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00fearna er um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a beina \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu \u00e1 <em>travel industry <\/em>\u00ed ensku. En fyrsta d\u00e6mi \u00ed bla\u00f0i \u00e1 \u00cdslandi er \u00ed <em>T\u00edmanum <\/em>1962: \u201eog er \u00fea\u00f0 ekki s\u00fa tegund gesta, sem hinn svonefndi fer\u00f0amannai\u00f0na\u00f0ur s\u00e6kist mest eftir.\u201c S\u00e1raf\u00e1 d\u00e6mi eru \u00fe\u00f3 um or\u00f0i\u00f0 fram um 1970, og \u00ed <em>T\u00edmanum <\/em>1972 er enn nota\u00f0 or\u00f0alagi\u00f0 \u201ehinn svokalla\u00f0i fer\u00f0amannai\u00f0na\u00f0ur\u201c. T\u00ed\u00f0nin eykst svo \u00f6rt og n\u00e1\u00f0i h\u00e1marki um mi\u00f0jan n\u00edunda \u00e1ratuginn, en hefur veri\u00f0 \u00e1 h\u00e6gri ni\u00f0urlei\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0an. Alls eru t\u00e6plega 2.500 d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is <\/em>en h\u00e1tt \u00ed fj\u00f6gur \u00fe\u00fasund \u00ed <em>Risam\u00e1lheildinni<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Anna\u00f0 or\u00f0 s\u00f6mu merkingar en a\u00f0eins eldra \u00ed m\u00e1linu er <em>fer\u00f0amanna\u00fej\u00f3nusta<\/em>. Elstu d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 eru fyrirsagnirnar \u201eFer\u00f0amanna\u00fej\u00f3nustan\u201c \u00ed <em>Samvinnunni <\/em>1946 og <em>Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ubla\u00f0inu <\/em>sama \u00e1r. \u00cd <em>\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0viljanum <\/em>1948 segir: \u201eS\u00fa st\u00e9tt manna sem stundar fer\u00f0amanna\u00fej\u00f3nustu \u00ed \u00cdtal\u00edu er gersamlega aftur\u00far.\u201c Alls eru \u00ferj\u00fa \u00fe\u00fasund d\u00e6mi um \u00feetta or\u00f0 \u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is <\/em>og \u00fea\u00f0 var\u00f0 mj\u00f6g algengt um mi\u00f0jan n\u00edunda \u00e1ratuginn en hefur s\u00ed\u00f0an veri\u00f0 \u00e1 hra\u00f0ri ni\u00f0urlei\u00f0 og er t.d. ekki a\u00f0 finna \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> \u2013 \u00ed <em>Risam\u00e1lheildinni <\/em>eru \u00fe\u00f3 um 1.450 d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0.<em>\u00a0 <\/em>En \u00fea\u00f0 hefur l\u00e1ti\u00f0 \u00ed minni pokann fyrir or\u00f0inu <em>fer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nusta <\/em>sem kom fyrst fram um svipa\u00f0 leyti en haf\u00f0i \u00fe\u00e1 yfirleitt a\u00f0ra og nokkru \u00ferengri merkingu en \u00fea\u00f0 hefur n\u00fa.<\/p>\n<p>Elsta d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>fer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nusta <\/em>er \u00ed <em>Degi <\/em>1950: \u201e\u00fe.\u00e1.m. hefur Gunnar umbo\u00f0 fer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nustu \u00fdmissa flugf\u00e9laga, j\u00e1rnbrauta- og skipaf\u00e9laga.\u201c \u00dearna sn\u00fdst m\u00e1li\u00f0 um fer\u00f0ir sem eru \u00ed bo\u00f0i. Anna\u00f0 d\u00e6mi er \u00ed <em>Samt\u00ed\u00f0inni <\/em>1951: \u201ea\u00f0 loknu n\u00e1mi f\u00f3r hann \u00e1 vegum verksmi\u00f0junnar til Erfurt og gegndi s\u00ed\u00f0an svonefndri fer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nustu fyrir hana til 1942.\u201c H\u00e9r vir\u00f0ist r\u00e6tt um \u00fej\u00f3nustufer\u00f0ir til vi\u00f0skiptavina. \u00deri\u00f0ja d\u00e6mi er \u00ed <em>T\u00edmanum <\/em>1952: \u201e\u00de\u00f3rir sonur hans byrja\u00f0i snemma \u00e1 b\u00edlaakstri og h\u00f3f strax fer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nustu \u00e1 vegum \u00fat fr\u00e1 \u00cdsafir\u00f0i.\u201c \u00dearna v\u00edsar or\u00f0i\u00f0 til \u00feess a\u00f0 halda uppi fer\u00f0um. \u00c1ri\u00f0 1957 var stofnsett <em>Fer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nusta st\u00fadenta <\/em>\u00fear sem <em>fer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nusta <\/em>var <a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/page\/1310514?iabr=on#page\/n23\/mode\/1up\/\">\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ing<\/a> \u00e1 <em>travel service <\/em>og samsvara\u00f0i einna helst \u00fev\u00ed sem n\u00fa heitir <em>fer\u00f0askrifstofa<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Fram um 1980 var or\u00f0i\u00f0 einkum nota\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feessari merkingu, \u00fe.e. '\u00fej\u00f3nusta \u00ed sambandi vi\u00f0 fer\u00f0ir' eins og \u00ed augl\u00fdsingu fr\u00e1 fer\u00f0askrifstofu \u00ed <em>Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1960: \u201eFarpantanir og farse\u00f0lar, \u00e1samt allri fer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nustu annast s\u00e9rh\u00e6f\u00f0ir afgrei\u00f0slumenn okkar.\u201c Fyrsta d\u00e6mi sem \u00e9g finn um or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>fer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nusta <\/em>\u00ed n\u00faverandi merkingu eins og h\u00fan er skilgreind \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em>, 'atvinnugrein sem tengist fer\u00f0am\u00f6nnum, t.d. skipulag\u00f0ar h\u00f3pfer\u00f0ir og h\u00f3telrekstur', er \u00ed <em>Frj\u00e1lsri verslun <\/em>1961: \u201eFer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nusta er st\u00f6\u00f0ugt vaxandi atvinnugrein um v\u00ed\u00f0a ver\u00f6ld.\u201c \u00deessari merkingu breg\u00f0ur st\u00f6ku sinnum fyrir n\u00e6stu \u00e1rin en ver\u00f0ur ekki \u00e1berandi fyrr en eftir 1980. \u00cd <em>\u00cdslendingi <\/em>1980 segir: \u201eFer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nusta er \u00ed raun b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00fatflutningsatvinnuvegur og \u00fej\u00f3nustugrein.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>Eftir 1980 j\u00f3kst notkun or\u00f0sins \u00ed \u00feessari merkingu mj\u00f6g og t\u00ed\u00f0ni \u00feess margfalda\u00f0ist \u00e1 n\u00edunda \u00e1ratugnum og aftur \u00e1 \u00feeim t\u00edunda. G\u00edsli J\u00f3nsson fjalla\u00f0i margoft um or\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00feessu svi\u00f0i \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1ttum s\u00ednum um \u00edslenskt m\u00e1l \u00ed <em>Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>og <a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/page\/1601763?iabr=on#page\/n9\/mode\/1up\/\">m\u00e6lti<\/a> eindregi\u00f0 me\u00f0 or\u00f0inu <em>fer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nusta <\/em>en fannst <em>fer\u00f0amannai\u00f0na\u00f0ur <\/em>afleitt. En hann nefndi einnig or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>fer\u00f0a\u00fatvegur <\/em>sem fyrst kemur fyrir \u00ed <em>Vikunni<\/em> 1970: \u201e\u00ddmsir gera s\u00e9r vonir um a\u00f0 \u00cdslendingar geti haft g\u00f3\u00f0a atvinnu af fer\u00f0a\u00fatvegi.\u201c G\u00edsli <a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/page\/1637330?iabr=on#page\/n23\/mode\/1up\/\">vildi nota<\/a> <em>fer\u00f0a\u00fatvegur<\/em> um atvinnugreinina en <em>fer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nusta <\/em>um starfsemina og gera \u00feannig svipa\u00f0an mun og er \u00e1 or\u00f0unum <em>sj\u00e1var\u00fatvegur<\/em> og <em>fiskvei\u00f0ar<\/em>. \u00d6\u00f0rum fannst samt \u00f3\u00fearft a\u00f0 gera \u00feennan mun, og <em>fer\u00f0a\u00fatvegur <\/em>er n\u00e6r horfi\u00f0 \u00far m\u00e1linu \u2013 a\u00f0eins 180 d\u00e6mi \u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd <em>Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1986 <a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/page\/1637330?iabr=on#page\/n23\/mode\/1up\/\">segir<\/a> Birna G. Bjarnleifsd\u00f3ttir a\u00f0 \u00e1 fer\u00f0am\u00e1lar\u00e1\u00f0stefnu \u00ed Vestmannaeyjum hausti\u00f0 \u00e1\u00f0ur hafi veri\u00f0 \u201esam\u00feykkt me\u00f0 yfirgn\u00e6fandi meirihluta atkv\u00e6\u00f0a a\u00f0 halda sig vi\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 fer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nusta\u201c frekar en taka upp or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>fer\u00f0a\u00fatvegur <\/em>og \u00e1ri\u00f0 1998 var heiti <em>Sambands veitinga- og gistih\u00fasa <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/page\/1914886?iabr=on#page\/n13\/mode\/1up\/\">breytt<\/a> \u00ed <em>Samt\u00f6k fer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nustunnar<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 \u00ed samkeppni or\u00f0a \u00e1 \u00feessu svi\u00f0i hefur <em>fer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nusta <\/em>or\u00f0i\u00f0 ofan \u00e1, enda styttra og liprara en keppinautarnir \u2013 \u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> eru h\u00e1tt \u00ed sext\u00edu \u00fe\u00fasund d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 og yfir hundra\u00f0 og sext\u00edu \u00fe\u00fasund \u00ed <em>Risam\u00e1lheildinni<\/em>. \u00der\u00e1tt fyrir \u00fea\u00f0 er or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>fer\u00f0amannai\u00f0na\u00f0ur <\/em>enn t\u00f6luvert nota\u00f0 eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur er nefnt, en m\u00e9r finnst \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 m\u00e6la eindregi\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 nota <em>fer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nusta<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Or\u00f0i\u00f0 fer\u00f0amannai\u00f0na\u00f0ur bar \u00e1 g\u00f3ma h\u00e9r \u00ed g\u00e6r \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0u um anna\u00f0 efni. Oft hefur veri\u00f0 amast vi\u00f0 \u00feessu or\u00f0i, m.a. vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 seinni li\u00f0urinn, -i\u00f0na\u00f0ur, eigi ekki heima \u00fearna vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 hann merki 'v\u00e9lv\u00e6dd e\u00f0a sj\u00e1lfvirk framlei\u00f0sla efna og varnings \u00far hr\u00e1efnum' svo a\u00f0 vitna\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u00ed \u00cdslenska n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k. En \u00fear er [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6580","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6580","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6580"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6580\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6582,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6580\/revisions\/6582"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6580"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6580"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6580"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}