{"id":6615,"date":"2024-07-22T10:05:56","date_gmt":"2024-07-22T10:05:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=6615"},"modified":"2024-07-22T15:28:09","modified_gmt":"2024-07-22T15:28:09","slug":"vodka-vodki-votka-votki-vodka-vodki-volka-volki","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2024\/07\/22\/vodka-vodki-votka-votki-vodka-vodki-volka-volki\/","title":{"rendered":"Vodka\/vodki, votka\/votki, vo\u00f0ka\/vo\u00f0ki, volka\/volki"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 vodka <\/em>er sk\u00fdrt<\/a> 'litlaus, sterkur \u00e1fengur drykkur' \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em>. \u00cd \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0sifjab\u00f3k <\/em>kemur fram<\/a> a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 s\u00e9 hugsanlega komi\u00f0 \u00ed \u00edslensku \u00far d\u00f6nsku en er upphaflega \u00far r\u00fassnesku \u00fear sem \u00fea\u00f0 er eiginlega \u201esm\u00e6kkunaror\u00f0 e\u00f0a g\u00e6luor\u00f0 af voda<\/em> 'vatn'\u201c. Elsta d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is <\/em>er \u00ed \u00cdsafold <\/em>1891: \u201esje honum fengi\u00f0 fje \u00ed hendur, ver hann \u00fev\u00ed eigi til a\u00f0 kaupa matv\u00e6li fyrir, heldur brenniv\u00edn (vodka<\/em>).\u201c \u00d6nnur d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 fr\u00e1 19. \u00f6ld eru \u00far vestur\u00edslensku bl\u00f6\u00f0unum en eftir aldam\u00f3tin fer \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 sj\u00e1st oftar og oftar \u00ed \u00edslenskum bl\u00f6\u00f0um. \u00dea\u00f0 var\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3 ekki verulega algengt fyrr en \u00e1 t\u00edma seinni heimsstyrjaldarinnar og t\u00ed\u00f0nin h\u00e9lt \u00e1fram a\u00f0 aukast \u00fat \u00f6ldina en fer n\u00fa minnkandi, samfara minni neyslu<\/a> sterkra drykkja.<\/p>\n

\u00deegar n\u00fdtt nafnor\u00f0 kemur inn \u00ed m\u00e1li\u00f0 \u00fearf a\u00f0 gefa \u00fev\u00ed eitthvert kyn. Nafnor\u00f0 sem enda \u00e1 -a<\/em> \u00ed nefnifalli eru langoftast kvenkynsor\u00f0 og \u00fea\u00f0 eru d\u00e6mi um a\u00f0 vodka <\/em>s\u00e9 nota\u00f0 \u00ed kvenkyni. \u00cd T\u00edmanum <\/em>1967 segir: \u201eOg a\u00f0 lokum drekkum vi\u00f0 sk\u00e1l \u2013 \u00ed p\u00f3lskri vodku!\u201c \u00cd \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0viljanum <\/em>1992 segir: \u201eA\u00f0 lokum er m\u00e6lt me\u00f0 staupi af \u00edskaldri r\u00fassneskri vodku sem fer \u00e1g\u00e6tlega me\u00f0 rau\u00f0r\u00f3fus\u00fapunni.\u201c En langoftast er or\u00f0i\u00f0 nota\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feolfalli sem andlag sagnarinnar drekka<\/em> og heldur \u00fear -a<\/em>-endingunni, og nafnor\u00f0 sem endar \u00e1 -a <\/em>\u00ed \u00feolfalli getur ekki veri\u00f0 kvenkynsor\u00f0 heldur er anna\u00f0hvort karlkyn e\u00f0a hvorugkyn. Hvorugkynsor\u00f0 sem enda \u00e1 -a<\/em> eru hins vegar mj\u00f6g f\u00e1 og t\u00e1kna langflest l\u00edff\u00e6ri e\u00f0a l\u00edkamshluta eins og auga<\/em>, eyra<\/em>, hjarta<\/em>, n\u00fdra <\/em>o.s.frv.<\/p>\n

\u00deess vegna er e\u00f0lilegt a\u00f0 vodka <\/em>\u00ed samb\u00f6ndum eins og drekka vodka <\/em>s\u00e9 t\u00falka\u00f0 eins og aukafall af karlkynsor\u00f0i sem endi \u00e1 -i<\/em> \u00ed nefnifalli og til ver\u00f0i n\u00fdtt nefnifall \u2013 vodki<\/em>. Elsta d\u00e6mi sem \u00e9g finn um \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00ed F\u00e1lkanum <\/em>1946: \u201eJ\u00e6ja, n\u00fa er \u00e9g farinn a\u00f0 rausa \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 gerir blessa\u00f0ur vodkinn.\u201c \u00cd Degi <\/em>1956 segir: \u201eVi\u00f0 erum \u00fati \u00ed f\u00e1rvi\u00f0ri og h\u00f6fum misst vodkann.\u201c \u00cd Sk\u00f3labla\u00f0inu <\/em>1962 segir: \u201eMunntamari var m\u00e9r \u00fe\u00f3 oft \/ meinhollur vodki \u00e1 br\u00fasa.\u201c Langsamlega algengast er a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 s\u00e9 nota\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feolfalli eint\u00f6lu \u00e1n greinis, vodka<\/em>, og s\u00fa mynd s\u00fdnir ekki hvort um karlkyn e\u00f0a hvorugkyn er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a, en \u00f3tv\u00edr\u00e6\u00f0 karlkynsd\u00e6mi eins og \u00feessi eru svo algeng a\u00f0 karlkyni\u00f0 vodki <\/em>er s\u00e9rstakt flettior\u00f0<\/a> \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> me\u00f0 v\u00edsun \u00e1 hvorugkynsmyndina vodka<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Oft \u00fearf l\u00edka a\u00f0 laga t\u00f6kuor\u00f0 a\u00f0 hlj\u00f3\u00f0kerfi m\u00e1lsins. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 vodka <\/em>hefur a\u00f0 geyma sambandi\u00f0 dk <\/em>sem kemur ekki fyrir \u00ed or\u00f0um af norr\u00e6num stofni. \u00dea\u00f0 er hins vegar enginn frambur\u00f0armunur \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed og sambandinu tk<\/em> sem til er \u00ed m\u00e1linu \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 sjaldg\u00e6ft \u2013 komi helst fyrir \u00ed s\u00f6gnunum litka <\/em>og vitkast<\/em> og nafnor\u00f0inu notkun<\/em>. \u00dev\u00ed kemur ekki \u00e1 \u00f3vart a\u00f0 h\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 finna sl\u00e6\u00f0ing af d\u00e6mum um ritmyndina votka<\/em>. \u00cd Heimskringlu <\/em>1907 segir: \u201eEnginn neitar \u00fear glasi af \u201eVotka\u201c undir neinum kringumst\u00e6\u00f0um.\u201c \u00cd Templar <\/em>1914 segir: \u201eR\u00fassar hafa alveg banna\u00f0 alla \u2018votka\u2019- og \u00f6ls\u00f6lu \u00ed l\u00f6ndum s\u00ednum.\u201c Karlkynsmyndin votki <\/em>kemur l\u00edka fyrir \u2013 \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1982 segir: \u201eJ\u00e1, \u00fea\u00f0 er von a\u00f0 votkinn flj\u00f3ti.\u201c En \u00feetta er eing\u00f6ngu a\u00f0l\u00f6gun \u00ed rith\u00e6tti, ekki frambur\u00f0i.<\/p>\n

Anna\u00f0 samband hlj\u00f3\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ilega skylt dk <\/em>er \u00f0k<\/em> sem er talsvert algengara en tk<\/em> og kemur fyrir \u00ed \u00fdmsum or\u00f0um \u2013 bla\u00f0ka<\/em>, i\u00f0ka<\/em>, i\u00f0kun<\/em>, li\u00f0ka<\/em>, rau\u00f0ka <\/em>o.fl. Eins og vi\u00f0 er a\u00f0 b\u00faast m\u00e1 finna d\u00e6mi um a\u00f0 \u00feetta samband s\u00e9 nota\u00f0 \u00ed a\u00f0l\u00f6gun vodka <\/em>a\u00f0 hlj\u00f3\u00f0kerfinu. \u00cd \u00cdsafold <\/em>1915 segir: \u201eR\u00fassar b\u00f6nnu\u00f0u alla s\u00f6lu \u00e1 Vo\u00f0ka og \u00f6\u00f0rum \u00e1fengum drykkjum s\u00ed\u00f0astli\u00f0i\u00f0 sumar.\u201c \u00cd \u00cdslendingi <\/em>1919 segir: \u201eJeg s\u00e1 R\u00fassa drekka \u00e1fengi jafn hispurslaust og \u00feeir drekka vo\u00f0ka \u00e1 hinum nor\u00f0l\u00e6gu breiddargr\u00e1\u00f0um.\u201c \u00cd F\u00e1lkanum <\/em>1945 segir: \u201e\u00deessu var skola\u00f0 ni\u00f0ur me\u00f0 r\u00fassnesku brenniv\u00edni, beisku zubrovka<\/em> vo\u00f0ka, Moskva vo\u00f0ka og \u00fev\u00ed, sem best var: me\u00f0 riabinvo\u00f0ka, e\u00f0a rau\u00f0um vo\u00f0ka.\u201c \u00dearna s\u00fdnir l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0i\u00f0 rau\u00f0um <\/em>a\u00f0 vo\u00f0ka <\/em>\u00ed s\u00ed\u00f0asta d\u00e6minu er af karlkyninu vo\u00f0ki<\/em>.<\/p>\n

En \u00e1hugaver\u00f0asta myndin, og s\u00fa sem olli \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00e9g f\u00f3r a\u00f0 sko\u00f0a \u00feetta, er volka <\/em>e\u00f0a volki<\/em> sem var til umr\u00e6\u00f0u \u00ed h\u00f3pnum Skemmtileg \u00edslensk or\u00f0. \u00cd \u00feeirri umr\u00e6\u00f0u kom fram a\u00f0 \u00feessi mynd er vel \u00feekkt, og st\u00f6ku d\u00e6mi m\u00e1 finna um hana \u00e1 prenti. \u00cd sk\u00f3labla\u00f0inu \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0\u00f3lfi <\/em>1960 spyr kennari: \u201eGetur\u00f0u nefnt einhvern \u00e1fengan drykk?\u201c og nemandi svarar: \u201eJ\u00e1, VOLKA.\u201c \u00cd Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1963 segir: \u201e\u00c9g get gefi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e9r volka e\u00f0a hva\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 n\u00fa heitir vodka?\u201c \u00cd Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>2001 segir: \u201e\u00dear sem vi\u00f0 veiddum titti og drukkum \u201evolka\u201c \u00ed fri\u00f0i fr\u00e1 kellingum.\u201c \u00cd Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>2009 segir: \u201eH\u00fan m\u00e6tti \u00ed allar samkomur og f\u00e9kk s\u00e9r jafnvel Volka ef vel st\u00f3\u00f0 \u00e1.\u201c Nokkur d\u00e6mi fr\u00e1 \u00feessari \u00f6ld m\u00e1 einnig finna \u00ed Risam\u00e1lheildinni<\/em>, \u00f6ll af samf\u00e9lagsmi\u00f0lum.<\/p>\n

\u00deessa mynd hl\u00fdtur einnig a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a a\u00f0 sk\u00fdra sem a\u00f0l\u00f6gun a\u00f0 \u00edslensku hlj\u00f3\u00f0kerfi. Vissulega vir\u00f0ist ekki liggja beint vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 setja lk <\/em>\u00ed sta\u00f0 dk <\/em>\u2013 hli\u00f0arhlj\u00f3\u00f0i\u00f0 l<\/em> \u00ed sta\u00f0 lokhlj\u00f3\u00f0sins d \u00ad<\/em>\u2013 en b\u00e6\u00f0i hlj\u00f3\u00f0in eru \u00fe\u00f3 tannbergsm\u00e6lt og heyranlegur munur \u00e1 d <\/em>og \u00f3r\u00f6ddu\u00f0u l <\/em>\u00ed \u00feessu umhverfi \u00fearf ekki a\u00f0 vera \u00fdkja mikill. Nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 volk <\/em>er au\u00f0vita\u00f0 til \u00ed m\u00e1linu \u00ed merkingunni<\/a> 'hrakningar og erfi\u00f0leikar' og spurning hvort einhver hugrenningatengsl eru vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 \u2013 a\u00f0 drekka volka <\/em>getur leitt f\u00f3lk \u00fat \u00ed \u00fdmiss konar volk<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ulaust a\u00f0 fara lengra \u00fat \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1 s\u00e1lma, en hva\u00f0 sem \u00feessu l\u00ed\u00f0ur eru hinar fj\u00f6lm\u00f6rgu frambur\u00f0ar- og ritmyndir \u00feessa or\u00f0s skemmtileg d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 hvernig leitast er vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 laga t\u00f6kuor\u00f0 a\u00f0 hlj\u00f3\u00f0kerfi og beygingakerfi m\u00e1lsins.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 vodka er sk\u00fdrt 'litlaus, sterkur \u00e1fengur drykkur' \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k. \u00cd \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0sifjab\u00f3k kemur fram a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 s\u00e9 hugsanlega komi\u00f0 \u00ed \u00edslensku \u00far d\u00f6nsku en er upphaflega \u00far r\u00fassnesku \u00fear sem \u00fea\u00f0 er eiginlega \u201esm\u00e6kkunaror\u00f0 e\u00f0a g\u00e6luor\u00f0 af voda 'vatn'\u201c. Elsta d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is er \u00ed \u00cdsafold 1891: \u201esje honum fengi\u00f0 fje […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6615","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6615","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6615"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6615\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6619,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6615\/revisions\/6619"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6615"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6615"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6615"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}