{"id":6681,"date":"2024-08-05T20:18:00","date_gmt":"2024-08-05T20:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=6681"},"modified":"2024-08-05T20:26:42","modified_gmt":"2024-08-05T20:26:42","slug":"illtyngd-illtyngi-illtyngja-og-illtyngdur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2024\/08\/05\/illtyngd-illtyngi-illtyngja-og-illtyngdur\/","title":{"rendered":"Illtyngd, illtyngi, illtyngja og illtyngdur"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cd fr\u00f3\u00f0legum pistli<\/a> J\u00f3hannesar B. Sigtryggssonar \u00e1 vef \u00c1rnastofnunar<\/em> sem deilt var h\u00e9r n\u00fdlega er fjalla\u00f0 um \u00fdmis fornm\u00e1lsor\u00f0 sem ekki t\u00ed\u00f0kast lengur \u00ed \u00edslensku. Fr\u00e9tt<\/a> mbl.is <\/em>um \u00feennan pistil var deilt h\u00e9r \u00ed morgun og \u00ed framhaldi af \u00fev\u00ed skapa\u00f0ist umr\u00e6\u00f0a um nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 illtyngd <\/em>sem er eitt \u00feeirra or\u00f0a sem nefnd eru \u00ed pistlinum. \u00deetta or\u00f0 sem merkir \u2018baktal, illm\u00e6lgi\u2019 kemur a\u00f0eins einu sinni<\/a> fyrir \u00ed fornum textum, \u00ed Gr\u00e1g\u00e1s <\/em>\u00fear sem \u00fea\u00f0 er reyndar \u00ed fleirt\u00f6lu, illtyngdir<\/em>. Engin d\u00e6mi eru um or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed s\u00ed\u00f0ari alda m\u00e1li og \u00fea\u00f0 er ekki a\u00f0 finna \u00ed neinum or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 er mynda\u00f0 me\u00f0 vi\u00f0skeytinu -d<\/em> og i<\/em>-hlj\u00f3\u00f0varpi af tunga<\/em>, \u00e1 sama h\u00e1tt og \u00feyngd <\/em>af \u00feungur<\/em>. Ekki finnast \u00f6nnur d\u00e6mi um m\u00f6guleg afleidd or\u00f0 me\u00f0 -d<\/em> af tunga<\/em>, svo sem *tv\u00edtyngd <\/em>e\u00f0a *fj\u00f6ltyngd<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u00cd umr\u00e6\u00f0um var nefnt or\u00f0i\u00f0 illtyngi<\/em> sem kemur fyrir \u00ed Ormsb\u00f3k <\/em>og er flettior\u00f0 \u00ed Index lingu\u00e6 veteris scytho-scandic\u00e6 sive gothic\u00e6<\/em> eftir Oulaus Verelius fr\u00e1 1691, en \u00feekkist ekki \u00ed yngra m\u00e1li e\u00f0a or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum. Nokkur or\u00f0 myndu\u00f0 \u00e1 sama h\u00e1tt eru notu\u00f0 \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li \u2013 eintyngi<\/em>, fj\u00f6ltyngi<\/em>, margtyngi <\/em>og tv\u00edtyngi<\/em>. Einnig er s\u00f6gnin illtyngja <\/em>\u00ed merkingunni 'r\u00e6gja' \u00ed<\/a> Ritm\u00e1lssafni <\/em>\u00c1rnastofnunar me\u00f0 d\u00e6mum \u00far vi\u00f0b\u00f3tum Bj\u00f6rns Halld\u00f3rssonar vi\u00f0 or\u00f0ab\u00f3k s\u00edna fr\u00e1 seinni hluta 18. aldar \u2013 \u201eSvo er hann lastsamur hann illtyngir hvern mann\u201c og \u201eSk\u00f6mm er a\u00f0 illtyngja fr\u00f3man mann um \u00f3r\u00e1\u00f0vendni\u201c. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 er einnig \u00ed Ordab\u00f3k, sem inniheldr flest f\u00e1gi\u00e6t, framandi og vandskilinn ord, er verda fyrir \u00ed d\u00f8nskum b\u00f3kum <\/em>eftir Gunnlaug Oddsen fr\u00e1 1819.<\/p>\n

\u00cd umr\u00e6\u00f0um um illtyngd<\/em> var einnig spurt hvort or\u00f0i\u00f0 g\u00e6ti ekki l\u00edka veri\u00f0 l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0, sem v\u00e6ri \u00fe\u00e1 illtyngdur<\/em> \u00ed karlkyni. \u00dea\u00f0 or\u00f0 kemur ekki fyrir \u00ed fornm\u00e1li og ekki heldur \u00ed textum fr\u00e1 seinni \u00f6ldum e\u00f0a or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum um s\u00ed\u00f0ari alda m\u00e1l. \u00cd n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li koma \u00fe\u00f3 fyrir nokkur l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0 myndu\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00feennan h\u00e1tt \u2013 eintyngdur<\/em>, fj\u00f6ltyngdur<\/em>, fleirtyngdur<\/em>, margtyngdur<\/em>, tv\u00edtyngdur<\/em> og \u00fer\u00edtyngdur<\/em> \u2013 og illtyngdur <\/em>hefur veri\u00f0 til \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er nefnt \u00ed \u00cdslenzkum rjettritunarreglum <\/em>eftir Halld\u00f3r Kr. Fri\u00f0riksson fr\u00e1 1859 \u00fear sem veri\u00f0 er a\u00f0 m\u00e6la fyrir um ritun or\u00f0a me\u00f0 gnd <\/em>og ngd<\/em> \u2013 \u201etyngdur<\/em>, \u00ed illtyngdur<\/em>, tv\u00edtyngdur<\/em>, af tunga<\/em>\u201c. \u00dea\u00f0 er um a\u00f0 gera a\u00f0 endurvekja nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 illtyngd <\/em>og \u00e6ttingja \u00feess \u2013 nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 illtyngi<\/em>, s\u00f6gnina illtyngja<\/em> og l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0i\u00f0 illtyngdur<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cd fr\u00f3\u00f0legum pistli J\u00f3hannesar B. Sigtryggssonar \u00e1 vef \u00c1rnastofnunar sem deilt var h\u00e9r n\u00fdlega er fjalla\u00f0 um \u00fdmis fornm\u00e1lsor\u00f0 sem ekki t\u00ed\u00f0kast lengur \u00ed \u00edslensku. Fr\u00e9tt mbl.is um \u00feennan pistil var deilt h\u00e9r \u00ed morgun og \u00ed framhaldi af \u00fev\u00ed skapa\u00f0ist umr\u00e6\u00f0a um nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 illtyngd sem er eitt \u00feeirra or\u00f0a sem nefnd eru \u00ed pistlinum. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6681","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6681","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6681"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6681\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6684,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6681\/revisions\/6684"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6681"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6681"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6681"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}