{"id":6883,"date":"2024-10-01T17:28:56","date_gmt":"2024-10-01T17:28:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=6883"},"modified":"2024-10-21T18:43:46","modified_gmt":"2024-10-21T18:43:46","slug":"ad-umturna-lifi-lifid-umturnadist","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2024\/10\/01\/ad-umturna-lifi-lifid-umturnadist\/","title":{"rendered":"A\u00f0 umturna l\u00edfi \u2013 l\u00edfi\u00f0 umturna\u00f0ist"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c1 vef R\u00edkis\u00fatvarpsins <\/em>st\u00f3\u00f0 um t\u00edma \u00ed g\u00e6r fyrirs\u00f6gnin \u201eKona \u00ed K\u00f3pavogi umturna\u00f0i l\u00edfi heillar fj\u00f6lskyldu \u00e1 Indlandi\u201c. Einhvers sta\u00f0ar rakst \u00e9g \u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1 athugasemd vi\u00f0 \u00feessa fyrirs\u00f6gn a\u00f0 s\u00f6gnin umturna<\/em> v\u00e6ri \u00fearna ranglega notu\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 h\u00fan t\u00e1kna\u00f0i breytingu til hins verra \u2013 sem \u00e6tti ekki vi\u00f0 \u00fearna \u2013 og \u00feeirri athugasemd hefur kannski veri\u00f0 komi\u00f0 \u00e1 framf\u00e6ri vi\u00f0 R\u00edkis\u00fatvarpi\u00f0 \u00ad<\/em>\u2013 a.m.k. var fyrirs\u00f6gninni flj\u00f3tlega breytt \u00ed<\/a> \u201eKona \u00ed K\u00f3pavogi breytti l\u00edfi heillar fj\u00f6lskyldu \u00e1 Indlandi\u201c eins og h\u00fan er n\u00fa. \u00cd \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>er s\u00f6gnin umturna <\/em>sk\u00fdr\u00f0 'bylta um, r\u00f3ta til, setja \u00e1 annan endann' og \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>er h\u00fan sk\u00fdr\u00f0<\/a> 'setja (allt) \u00e1 hvolf, gj\u00f6rbreyta (e-u)'. Sum sk\u00fdringaror\u00f0anna eru vissulega neikv\u00e6\u00f0 en \u00f6nnur eru hlutlaus.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6gnin umturna <\/em>er g\u00f6mul<\/a> \u00ed m\u00e1linu \u2013 kemur fyrst fyrir \u00ed \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu Odds Gottsk\u00e1lkssonar \u00e1 N\u00fdja testamentinu <\/em>1540. \u00cd elstu d\u00e6mum merkir h\u00fan 'rugla, breyta til hins verra' og jafnvel 'ey\u00f0ileggja'. \u00cd N\u00fdja testamentinu <\/em>segir: \u201e\u00de\u00e9r hafi\u00f0 \u00feennan mann til m\u00edn haft svo sem \u00feann er umturnar l\u00fd\u00f0inn\u201c; \u201ehefir borgirnar S\u00f3d\u00f3me og G\u00f3morre a\u00f0 \u00f6sku gj\u00f6rt, umturna\u00f0 og ford\u00e6mt\u201c. \u00cd Gu\u00f0brandsbibl\u00edu <\/em>fr\u00e1 1584 segir: \u201eHann f\u00e6r\u00f0i fj\u00f6llin \u00far sta\u00f0 \u00e1\u00f0ur en \u00feau ver\u00f0a v\u00f6r vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0, \u00feeim e\u00f0 hann umturnar \u00ed sinni rei\u00f0i.\u201c \u00cd texta um K\u00f6tlugos fr\u00e1 1625 segir: \u201ehverja a\u00f0 sandurinn og \u00f6skufalli\u00f0 [\u2026] me\u00f0 \u00f6llu eytt og umturna\u00f0 hefur\u201c. Stundum merkir s\u00f6gnin l\u00edka \u201askipta um tr\u00fa\u2018 eins og \u00ed fr\u00e1s\u00f6gn af Tyrkjar\u00e1ninu 1627: \u201ef\u00e1tt er umturna\u00f0 af \u00fev\u00ed f\u00f3lki, sem eystra var teki\u00f0.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00cd s\u00ed\u00f0ari alda m\u00e1li er s\u00f6gnin mj\u00f6g oft notu\u00f0 um breytingu til hins verra eins og \u00ed eldri d\u00e6mum, en \u00ed \u00fdmsum tilvikum er breytingin \u00fe\u00f3 hlutlaus e\u00f0a j\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0. \u00cd Bjarka <\/em>1902 segir: \u201e\u00deekkingin hefur komi\u00f0 \u00ed sta\u00f0 b\u00e6nanna og \u00feetta hefur umturna\u00f0 \u00f6llum fyrri hugmyndum.\u201c \u00cd Reykjav\u00edk <\/em>1902 segir: \u201e\u00deetta er mikil n\u00fdbreytni, og mun h\u00fan, ef h\u00fan kemst \u00e1, a\u00f0 \u00f6llu leyti umturna kj\u00f6tverzluninni h\u00e9r \u00ed b\u00e6num.\u201c \u00cd Austra <\/em>1903 segir: \u201e\u00c6tla \u00feeir svo a\u00f0 h\u00e6gt muni a\u00f0 lei\u00f0a n\u00e6gilegt rafurmagn ofan af himni \u00e1 J\u00f6r\u00f0ina. Mundi \u00fea\u00f0 umturna kj\u00f6rum mannkynsins.\u201c \u00cd Ing\u00f3lfi <\/em>1904 segir: \u201eBakter\u00edufr\u00e6\u00f0in er ein s\u00fa grein v\u00edsindanna sem mest beinl\u00ednis \u00e1hrif hefur \u00e1 mannl\u00edfi\u00f0; h\u00fan hefur alveg umturna\u00f0 l\u00e6knisfr\u00e6\u00f0inni og m\u00f6rgum i\u00f0na\u00f0argreinum.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00cd g\u00e6r m\u00e1tti l\u00edka sj\u00e1 fyrirs\u00f6gnina<\/a> \u201eL\u00edfi\u00f0 umturna\u00f0ist \u00feegar h\u00fan kynntist manninum s\u00ednum\u201c \u00e1 vef mbl.is<\/em> og \u00ed fr\u00e9ttinni stendur: \u201eSvo kynnist \u00e9g manninum m\u00ednum \u00ed dag og l\u00edf mitt umturna\u00f0ist til hins betra.\u201c \u00dearna er notu\u00f0 mi\u00f0myndin umturnast<\/em> sem er sk\u00fdr\u00f0<\/a> s\u00e9rstaklega \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>sem 'ver\u00f0a mj\u00f6g rei\u00f0ur' \u2013 ger\u00f3l\u00edkt sk\u00fdringu germyndarinnar. Vissulega er \u00feetta langalgengasta merking mi\u00f0myndarinnar \u00feegar frumlagi\u00f0 er mannlegt, en me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum fruml\u00f6gum s\u00fdnist m\u00e9r merkingartilbrig\u00f0i mi\u00f0myndarinnar vera hin s\u00f6mu og germyndar \u2013 merkingin oftast neikv\u00e6\u00f0 en sundum \u00fe\u00f3 hlutlaus e\u00f0a j\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0 eins og \u00ed L\u00e6knanemanum <\/em>2004: \u201eH\u00fan umturna\u00f0ist hins vegar vi\u00f0 \u00f6ll veikindi, var\u00f0 lj\u00fafasta lamb og hvers manns huglj\u00fafi.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00cd samb\u00f6ndunum umturna l\u00edfi <\/em>og l\u00edfi\u00f0 umturnast <\/em>er breytingin mj\u00f6g oft til hins verra, stundum er um t\u00falkunaratri\u00f0i a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a, og nokkur d\u00e6mi eru um breytingu til batna\u00f0ar. \u00cd Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>2005 segir: \u201eAllt mitt l\u00edf umturna\u00f0ist eftir a\u00f0 h\u00fan kom \u00fat.\u201c \u00cd Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>2009 segir: \u201evi\u00f0urkennir a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 gaman a\u00f0 hafa umturna\u00f0 l\u00edfi s\u00ednu svona.\u201c \u00cd Fr\u00e9ttabla\u00f0inu <\/em>2013 segir: \u201eHannes J\u00f3n hefur umturna\u00f0 l\u00edfi s\u00ednu eftir veikindin.\u201c \u00cd Fr\u00e9ttabla\u00f0inu <\/em>2016 segir: \u201eOg \u00feetta sl\u00f3 svona \u00ed gegn a\u00f0 mitt l\u00edf umturna\u00f0ist vi\u00f0 \u00feetta.\u201c \u00cd V\u00edkurfr\u00e9ttum <\/em>2017 segir: \u201e\u00deannig hefur hann umturna\u00f0 l\u00edfi s\u00ednu og b\u00e6tt heilsu s\u00edna til muna.\u201c \u00cd Fr\u00e9ttabla\u00f0inu <\/em>2019 segir: \u201eL\u00edfi\u00f0 umturna\u00f0ist \u00e1 gle\u00f0ilegan m\u00e1ta.\u201c \u00cd Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>2020 segir: \u201eFann \u00e1stina 35 \u00e1ra og l\u00edfi\u00f0 umturna\u00f0ist.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 er sem sagt lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 merkingin \u00ed umturna<\/em>(st<\/em>) er alltaf 'umbylta(st), gerbreyta(st)' en \u00ed miklum meirihluta tilvika er umbyltingin e\u00f0a breytingin til hins verra. Oft getur \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3 veri\u00f0 t\u00falkunaratri\u00f0i eins og \u00ed d\u00e6mi \u00far Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1997: \u201eEn h\u00fan umturnar l\u00edfi fj\u00f6gurra hversdagslegra st\u00falkna svo a\u00f0 \u00f6ll fyrri gildi \u00feeirra hverfa og n\u00fd fem\u00edn\u00edskari taka vi\u00f0.\u201c Sj\u00e1lfsagt geta veri\u00f0 skiptar sko\u00f0anir um hvort \u00feessi breyting \u00e1 gildismati sem umturnunin <\/em>lei\u00f0ir af s\u00e9r s\u00e9 j\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0 e\u00f0a neikv\u00e6\u00f0. Hva\u00f0 sem \u00fev\u00ed l\u00ed\u00f0ur s\u00fdnist m\u00e9r lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 \u00e1\u00f0urnefndar tv\u00e6r fyrirsagnir s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00ed g\u00e6r, \u201eKona \u00ed K\u00f3pavogi umturna\u00f0i l\u00edfi heillar fj\u00f6lskyldu \u00e1 Indlandi\u201c og \u201eL\u00edfi\u00f0 umturna\u00f0ist \u00feegar h\u00fan kynntist manninum s\u00ednum\u201c ganga ekki \u00ed berh\u00f6gg vi\u00f0 \u00edslenska m\u00e1lhef\u00f0.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c1 vef R\u00edkis\u00fatvarpsins st\u00f3\u00f0 um t\u00edma \u00ed g\u00e6r fyrirs\u00f6gnin \u201eKona \u00ed K\u00f3pavogi umturna\u00f0i l\u00edfi heillar fj\u00f6lskyldu \u00e1 Indlandi\u201c. Einhvers sta\u00f0ar rakst \u00e9g \u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1 athugasemd vi\u00f0 \u00feessa fyrirs\u00f6gn a\u00f0 s\u00f6gnin umturna v\u00e6ri \u00fearna ranglega notu\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 h\u00fan t\u00e1kna\u00f0i breytingu til hins verra \u2013 sem \u00e6tti ekki vi\u00f0 \u00fearna \u2013 og \u00feeirri athugasemd hefur kannski […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6883","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6883","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6883"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6883\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6963,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6883\/revisions\/6963"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6883"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6883"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6883"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}