{"id":6935,"date":"2024-10-15T22:13:33","date_gmt":"2024-10-15T22:13:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=6935"},"modified":"2024-10-15T22:13:33","modified_gmt":"2024-10-15T22:13:33","slug":"advara-advorun-vara-vid-vidvorun-og-vidvara","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2024\/10\/15\/advara-advorun-vara-vid-vidvorun-og-vidvara\/","title":{"rendered":"A\u00f0vara, a\u00f0v\u00f6run, vara vi\u00f0, vi\u00f0v\u00f6run \u2013 og vi\u00f0vara"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd <em>M\u00e1lfarsbankanum <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/malfar.arnastofnun.is\/grein\/70658\">segir<\/a>: \u201eS\u00ed\u00f0ur skyldi segja \u201ea\u00f0vara\u201c en <strong>vara vi\u00f0<\/strong>. \u00c1 sama h\u00e1tt \u00e6tti frekar a\u00f0 nota nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 <strong>vi\u00f0v\u00f6run<\/strong> en \u201ea\u00f0v\u00f6run\u201c.\u201c \u00c1 \u00feessu hefur veri\u00f0 hamra\u00f0 lengi. \u00cd <em>\u00cdslenzkri stafsetningaror\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>fr\u00e1 \u00e1rinu 1900 eru <em>a\u00f0vara <\/em>og <em>a\u00f0v\u00f6run<\/em> flokku\u00f0 sem \u201em\u00e1ll\u00fdti\u201c. \u00cd <em>Syrpu <\/em>1947 <a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/page\/7575425?iabr=on#page\/n11\/mode\/1up\/\">segir<\/a> Bjarni Vilhj\u00e1lmsson: \u201eA\u00f0 <em>a\u00f0vara<\/em> og <em>a\u00f0v\u00f6run<\/em> er algengt \u00ed ritm\u00e1li n\u00fa, en ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 teljast d\u00f6nskusletta. A\u00f0 <em>vara<\/em> (e-n) <em>vi\u00f0<\/em> (e-u) og <em>vi\u00f0v\u00f6run<\/em> er \u00edslenzka.\u201c \u00cd kverinu <em>G\u00e6tum tungunnar<\/em> fr\u00e1 1984 segir: \u201e<em>Sagt var:<\/em> \u00deeir hafa birt a\u00f0varanir. R\u00c9TT V\u00c6RI: \u00deeir hafa birt <em>vi\u00f0varanir<\/em>.\u201c \u00cd sk\u00fdringu segir: \u201eD\u00f6nsku or\u00f0in <em>at advare<\/em> eru \u00e1 \u00edslensku <em>a\u00f0 vara vi\u00f0<\/em>, en ekki a\u00f0 <em>vara a\u00f0<\/em>, og <em>advarsel<\/em> er \u00fev\u00ed \u00e1 \u00edslensku <em>vi\u00f0v\u00f6run<\/em>.\u201c \u00ddmis fleiri d\u00e6mi \u00ed sama d\u00far m\u00e6tti nefna.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00f6gnin <em>a\u00f0vara <\/em>er vissulega komin af <em>advare <\/em>\u00ed d\u00f6nsku en h\u00fan er g\u00f6mul \u00ed \u00edslensku \u2013 elstu d\u00e6min um hana eru fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed snemma \u00e1 18. \u00f6ld. Sambandi\u00f0 <em>vara vi\u00f0 <\/em>kemur fyrir \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li og vir\u00f0ist \u00e6vinlega hafa veri\u00f0 mun algengara en s\u00f6gnin <em>a\u00f0vara <\/em>\u2013 ekki er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 \u00e1tta sig \u00e1 n\u00e1kv\u00e6mri t\u00ed\u00f0ni \u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is <\/em>en \u00ed <em>Risam\u00e1lheildinni <\/em>er <em>vara vi\u00f0 <\/em>n\u00e6rri fimmt\u00edu sinnum algengara en <em>a\u00f0vara<\/em>. H\u00e9r er r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 hafa \u00ed huga a\u00f0 sambandi\u00f0 <em>vara vi\u00f0 <\/em>er setningafr\u00e6\u00f0ilega fj\u00f6lh\u00e6fara en s\u00f6gnin <em>a\u00f0vara<\/em>, ef svo m\u00e1 segja. \u00dea\u00f0 er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 segja <em>\u00e9g vara\u00f0i hana vi\u00f0 \u00feessu<\/em>, <em>\u00e9g vara\u00f0i hana vi\u00f0<\/em> og <em>\u00e9g vara\u00f0i vi\u00f0 \u00feessu<\/em> en hins vegar a\u00f0eins <em>\u00e9g a\u00f0vara\u00f0i hana <\/em>\u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 sem vara\u00f0 er vi\u00f0 getur ekki fylgt me\u00f0. \u00deess vegna n\u00fdtist <em>vara vi\u00f0 <\/em>\u00ed mun fleiri a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um en <em>a\u00f0vara <\/em>og e\u00f0lilegt a\u00f0 h\u00fan s\u00e9 mun algengari.<\/p>\n<p>Aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti er enginn sl\u00edkur munur \u00e1 setningafr\u00e6\u00f0ilegum eiginleikum nafnor\u00f0anna <em>vi\u00f0v\u00f6run <\/em>sem kemur fyrir \u00feegar \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li og <em>a\u00f0v\u00f6run<\/em> sem d\u00e6mi eru um fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed byrjun 18. aldar. Danska nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>advarsel <\/em>sem svarar til <em>advare <\/em>hef\u00f0i geta\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 *<em>a\u00f0varsla <\/em>\u00ed \u00edslensku en um \u00fea\u00f0 eru engin d\u00e6mi heldur var b\u00fai\u00f0 til nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>a\u00f0v\u00f6run <\/em>sem er \u00fev\u00ed strangt teki\u00f0 ekki danskt t\u00f6kuor\u00f0 heldur \u00edslensk n\u00fdsm\u00ed\u00f0. Fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed um mi\u00f0ja 19. \u00f6ld var <em>a\u00f0v\u00f6run <\/em>talsvert algengara or\u00f0 en <em>vi\u00f0v\u00f6run <\/em>ef marka m\u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> en b\u00e6\u00f0i hafa lengi veri\u00f0 mj\u00f6g algeng \u2013 \u00e1 \u00feri\u00f0ja tug \u00fe\u00fasunda d\u00e6ma um hvort \u00feeirra \u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is<\/em>. Hlutfalli\u00f0 snerist vi\u00f0 um 1980 og \u00e1 \u00feessari \u00f6ld er <em>vi\u00f0v\u00f6run <\/em>h\u00e1tt \u00ed fj\u00f3rum sinnum algengara en <em>a\u00f0v\u00f6run <\/em>b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is <\/em>og \u00ed <em>Risam\u00e1lheildinni<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>En samsetta s\u00f6gnin <em>vi\u00f0vara <\/em>er l\u00edka til og g\u00f6mul \u00ed m\u00e1linu \u00fe\u00f3tt h\u00fan s\u00e9 ekki algeng. \u00cd br\u00e9fi fr\u00e1 1547 <a href=\"https:\/\/ritmalssafn.arnastofnun.is\/daemi\/545125\">segir<\/a>: \u201e\u00dear fyrir \u00e1minni \u00e9g og vi\u00f0vara kristi\u00f0 f\u00f3lk.\u201c \u00cd <em>Eyrarann\u00e1l <\/em>fr\u00e1 seinni hluta 17. aldar segir: \u201eSendi kongl. Majest. s\u00edna gal\u00ed\u00f3tu hinga\u00f0 til Bessasta\u00f0a, a\u00f0 vi\u00f0vara alla \u00cdslands kaupmenn vi\u00f0 tyrkneskum sj\u00f3reyfurum.\u201c \u00cd <em>Vikunni <\/em>1970 segir: \u201eEf einhver reyndi a\u00f0 a\u00f0 brj\u00f3tast inn, myndi kerfi\u00f0 undireins vi\u00f0vara n\u00e6stu l\u00f6greglust\u00f6\u00f0.\u201c \u00cd <em>DV <\/em>2011 segir: \u201eHver s\u00e9r um a\u00f0 vi\u00f0vara l\u00f6gregluna erlendis fr\u00e1?\u201c Milli t\u00edu og tuttugu d\u00e6mi af samf\u00e9lagsmi\u00f0lum eru um <em>vi\u00f0vara <\/em>\u00ed <em>Risam\u00e1lheildinni<\/em>, t.d. \u201eKominn t\u00edmi til a\u00f0 f\u00f3lk s\u00e9 vi\u00f0vara\u00f0\u201c \u00e1 <em>Bland.is <\/em>2013. En \u00e1 <em>Bland.is <\/em>2008 er l\u00edka \u201eVinaleg \u00e1bending, held ma\u00f0ur segi alveg \u00f6rugglega a\u00f0vara, ekki vi\u00f0vara.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd <em>M\u00e1lfregnum <\/em>1992 <a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/page\/6517233?iabr=on#page\/n26\/mode\/1up\/\">segir<\/a> Baldur J\u00f3nsson: \u201eT\u00f6kuor\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>a\u00f0vara<\/em> hefir hrei\u00f0ra\u00f0 b\u00fdsna vel um sig \u00ed \u00edslensku, einnig nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>a\u00f0v\u00f6run<\/em> sem af \u00fev\u00ed er mynda\u00f0.\u201c En \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 hafa \u201ehrei\u00f0ra\u00f0 b\u00fdsna vel um sig\u201c vir\u00f0ast b\u00e6\u00f0i <em>a\u00f0vara <\/em>og <em>a\u00f0v\u00f6run <\/em>\u00e1 hra\u00f0ri ni\u00f0urlei\u00f0 eins og fram kom h\u00e9r \u00e1 undan, hvort sem rekja m\u00e1 undanhald \u00feeirra a\u00f0 einhverju leyti til m\u00e1lhreinsunar e\u00f0a ekki. \u00dea\u00f0 er au\u00f0vita\u00f0 enginn vafi \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir danskan uppruna er s\u00f6gnin <em>a\u00f0vara <\/em>gott og gilt \u00edslenskt or\u00f0, enda hefur h\u00fan veri\u00f0 \u00ed m\u00e1linu \u00ed \u00ferj\u00fa hundru\u00f0 \u00e1r \u2013 og <em>a\u00f0v\u00f6run <\/em>ekki s\u00ed\u00f0ur, enda \u00edslensk sm\u00ed\u00f0. Stundum er haft \u00e1 or\u00f0i a\u00f0 m\u00e1l s\u00e9 til komi\u00f0 a\u00f0 fri\u00f0a \u00fe\u00e6r \u201ed\u00f6nskuslettur\u201c sem enn lifi \u00ed \u00edslensku og \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 l\u00edklega oftast \u00ed gamni sagt finnst m\u00e9r r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta <em>a\u00f0vara <\/em>og <em>a\u00f0v\u00f6run <\/em>\u00ed fri\u00f0i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd M\u00e1lfarsbankanum segir: \u201eS\u00ed\u00f0ur skyldi segja \u201ea\u00f0vara\u201c en vara vi\u00f0. \u00c1 sama h\u00e1tt \u00e6tti frekar a\u00f0 nota nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 vi\u00f0v\u00f6run en \u201ea\u00f0v\u00f6run\u201c.\u201c \u00c1 \u00feessu hefur veri\u00f0 hamra\u00f0 lengi. \u00cd \u00cdslenzkri stafsetningaror\u00f0ab\u00f3k fr\u00e1 \u00e1rinu 1900 eru a\u00f0vara og a\u00f0v\u00f6run flokku\u00f0 sem \u201em\u00e1ll\u00fdti\u201c. \u00cd Syrpu 1947 segir Bjarni Vilhj\u00e1lmsson: \u201eA\u00f0 a\u00f0vara og a\u00f0v\u00f6run er algengt \u00ed ritm\u00e1li n\u00fa, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6935","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6935","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6935"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6935\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6936,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6935\/revisions\/6936"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6935"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6935"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6935"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}