{"id":6998,"date":"2024-10-27T13:54:25","date_gmt":"2024-10-27T13:54:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=6998"},"modified":"2024-10-27T17:30:24","modified_gmt":"2024-10-27T17:30:24","slug":"hvenaer-verdur-villa-rett-og-eldri-mynd-rong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2024\/10\/27\/hvenaer-verdur-villa-rett-og-eldri-mynd-rong\/","title":{"rendered":"Hven\u00e6r ver\u00f0ur \u201evilla\u201c r\u00e9tt (og eldri mynd \u201er\u00f6ng\u201c)?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd M\u00e1lv\u00f6ndunar\u00fe\u00e6ttinum var vakin athygli \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vi\u00f0m\u00e6landi \u00ed fr\u00e9ttum <em>St\u00f6\u00f0var tv\u00f6 <\/em>\u00ed g\u00e6rkv\u00f6ldi sag\u00f0i \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 b\u00faa miki\u00f0 af hugverkab\u00f3ndum \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk su\u00f0ur\u201c. Eins og vi\u00f0 var a\u00f0 b\u00faast olli \u00feetta hneykslun \u2013 \u201eSk\u00f6mm er a\u00f0 \u00feessu!\u201c, \u201e\u00daff. Bla\u00f0ab\u00f6rnin sitja vi\u00f0 skriftir\u201c, \u201eAf hverju r\u00e1\u00f0a V\u00edsismenn ekki f\u00f3lk sem kann \u00edslensku\u201c, \u201eL\u00e1gmark a\u00f0 kunna a\u00f0 beygja starfsheiti\u00f0 l\u00edka \u00ed fleirt\u00f6lu\u201c o.fl. \u00cd \u00feessu tilviki var um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a \u00f3undirb\u00fai\u00f0 vi\u00f0tal og engin \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 \u00e6tla anna\u00f0 en um einfalt mism\u00e6li hafi veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a \u2013 \u00f6llum getur okkur or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 a\u00f0 mism\u00e6la okkur, ekki s\u00edst \u00ed a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um eins og \u00feessum \u00fear sem hlj\u00f3\u00f0nemi er rekinn framan \u00ed okkur. Sm\u00e1v\u00e6gilegt mism\u00e6li kemur m\u00e1lv\u00f6ndun ekkert vi\u00f0 og \u00e6tti au\u00f0vita\u00f0 ekki a\u00f0 kalla \u00e1 sl\u00edka hneykslun.<\/p>\n<p>En eins og bent var \u00e1 \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0um um \u00feetta er myndin <em>b\u00f3ndum <\/em>\u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gufalli fleirt\u00f6lu engin n\u00fdjung \u2013 \u00fevert \u00e1 m\u00f3ti. \u00cd fornu m\u00e1li var <em>\u00f3 <\/em>\u00ed \u00f6llum eint\u00f6lumyndum or\u00f0sins <em>b\u00f3ndi <\/em>eins og n\u00fa, en \u00ed fleirt\u00f6lu beyg\u00f0ist or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>b<strong>\u0153<\/strong>ndr<\/em> \u2013 <em>b<strong>\u0153<\/strong>ndr<\/em> \u2013 <em>b<strong>\u00f3<\/strong>ndum<\/em> \u2013 <em>b<strong>\u00f3<\/strong>nda<\/em>. Nefnifall og \u00feolfall fleirt\u00f6lu h\u00f6f\u00f0u \u00fev\u00ed anna\u00f0 stofns\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0 en a\u00f0rar beygingarmyndir or\u00f0sins og \u00fea\u00f0 stafa\u00f0i af \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00feessar tv\u00e6r myndir h\u00f6f\u00f0i \u00e1\u00f0ur <em>i <\/em>\u00ed endingu sem dr\u00f3 stofns\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed \u00e1tt til s\u00edn en f\u00e9ll s\u00ed\u00f0an brott. En \u00feegar \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li var <em>\u00e6<\/em> fari\u00f0 a\u00f0 stinga s\u00e9r ni\u00f0ur \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gufalli og eignarfalli fleirt\u00f6lu fyrir \u00e1hrif nefnifalls og \u00feolfalls, og um 1400 voru n\u00fdju myndirnar <em>b\u00e6ndum<\/em> og <em>b\u00e6nda<\/em> or\u00f0nar algengar. Eldri myndunum breg\u00f0ur \u00fe\u00f3 fyrir fram eftir \u00f6ldum og jafnvel enn \u00ed dag en \u00fear getur oft veri\u00f0 um fyrnsku a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dea\u00f0 eru vissulega s\u00e1ralitlar l\u00edkur \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vi\u00f0m\u00e6landi <em>St\u00f6\u00f0var tv\u00f6 <\/em>hafi veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 breg\u00f0a fyrir sig fornri beygingarmynd, en \u00feetta d\u00e6mi vekur samt \u00fdmsar spurningar. \u00deegar veri\u00f0 er a\u00f0 d\u00e6ma um \u201er\u00e9tt\u201c m\u00e1l og \u201erangt\u201c er aldur eitt helsta vi\u00f0mi\u00f0i\u00f0 \u2013 eldri myndir eru taldar \u201ebetri\u201c og \u201er\u00e9ttari\u201c en \u00fe\u00e6r yngri. Ef \u00fea\u00f0 vi\u00f0mi\u00f0 v\u00e6ri nota\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feessu tilviki hlyti myndin <em>b\u00f3ndum <\/em>\u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 teljast \u201er\u00e9tt\u201c \u2013 og \u201er\u00e9ttari\u201c en <em>b\u00e6ndum<\/em>. \u00c9g efast \u00fe\u00f3 um a\u00f0 nokkrum dytti \u00ed hug a\u00f0 halda \u00fev\u00ed fram, vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 myndin <em>b\u00f3ndum <\/em>hefur ekki tilheyrt lifandi m\u00e1li \u00ed margar aldir. \u00deetta er \u00fe\u00f3 ekki \u00f3svipa\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 myndir eins og <em>l\u00e6knir <\/em>\u00ed \u00feolfalli eint\u00f6lu og <em>l\u00e6knirar <\/em>\u00ed nefnifalli fleirt\u00f6lu eru taldar \u201erangar\u201c en <em>l\u00e6kni <\/em>og <em>l\u00e6knar <\/em>\u201er\u00e9ttar\u201c, enda \u00fe\u00f3tt fyrrnefndu myndirnar v\u00e6ru n\u00e6r einhaf\u00f0ar \u00ed nokkrar aldir.<\/p>\n<p>En \u00fea\u00f0 er l\u00edka r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 athuga a\u00f0 \u00feegar myndir eins og <em>b\u00e6ndum <\/em>og <em>b\u00e6nda <\/em>fara a\u00f0 koma upp, um 1300 e\u00f0a fyrr, voru \u00fe\u00e6r au\u00f0vita\u00f0 \u201evillur\u201c, \u00ed \u00feeim skilningi a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6r voru fr\u00e1vik fr\u00e1 m\u00e1lhef\u00f0inni. \u00dea\u00f0 er hins vegar ekkert sem bendir til \u00feess a\u00f0 amast hafi veri\u00f0 vi\u00f0 sl\u00edkum tilbrig\u00f0um \u00ed m\u00e1li \u00e1 \u00feeim t\u00edma, \u00fe\u00f3tt tr\u00falegt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 eldri kynsl\u00f3\u00f0in hafi \u00feusa\u00f0 eitthva\u00f0 yfir m\u00e1lfari \u00feeirrar yngri eins og \u00e1 \u00f6llum t\u00edmum. En \u00feessar \u201evillur\u201c vir\u00f0ast hafa fengi\u00f0 a\u00f0 brei\u00f0ast \u00fat uns \u00fe\u00e6r ur\u00f0u normi\u00f0 og h\u00e6ttu a\u00f0 vera \u201evillur\u201c. Spurningin er hins vegar hva\u00f0a \u00e1hrif \u00fea\u00f0 hefur \u00e1 eldri myndirnar \u2013 ver\u00f0a \u00fe\u00e6r \u00fe\u00e1 \u201evillur\u201c \u00ed sta\u00f0inn? Og hven\u00e6r gerist \u00fea\u00f0? E\u00f0a halda kannski myndir sem einu sinni voru \u201er\u00e9ttar\u201c \u00e1fram a\u00f0 vera \u00fea\u00f0, \u00f3h\u00e1\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed hvort \u00fe\u00e6r eru eitthva\u00f0 nota\u00f0ar e\u00f0a ekki?<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9g \u00e6tla ekkert a\u00f0 svara \u00feessum spurningum, enda veit \u00e9g ekki til \u00feess a\u00f0 nokkurt einhl\u00edtt svar s\u00e9 til vi\u00f0 \u00feeim. \u00dea\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist vera mj\u00f6g tilviljanakennt hva\u00f0a breytingar eru vi\u00f0urkenndar sem \u201er\u00e9tt m\u00e1l\u201c og hverjar ekki, og eins og \u00e9g hef \u00e1\u00f0ur sagt vir\u00f0ast (\u00f3or\u00f0u\u00f0) r\u00f6k fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 telja eitthva\u00f0 \u201erangt m\u00e1l\u201c stundum einfaldlega <a href=\"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2020\/08\/11\/thetta-er-rangt-af-thvi-ad-thad-hefur-verid-kennt-ad-thad-se-rangt\/\">vera<\/a>: \u201e\u00deetta er rangt af \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 hefur veri\u00f0 kennt svo lengi a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 rangt.\u201c En \u00fea\u00f0 eru au\u00f0vita\u00f0 engin r\u00f6k \u2013 vi\u00f0 eigum a\u00f0 hafa kjark til a\u00f0 skipta um sko\u00f0un, vi\u00f0urkenna a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3tt vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum kennt eitthva\u00f0 \u00e1 s\u00ednum t\u00edma, eftir bestu vitund, kann \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 vera \u00farelt. \u00dea\u00f0 er e\u00f0lilegt a\u00f0 vilja halda \u00ed m\u00e1lhef\u00f0ina, en nau\u00f0synlegt a\u00f0 \u00e1tta sig \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 h\u00fan getur breyst \u2013 og \u00feegar breyting er komin vel af sta\u00f0 getur bar\u00e1tta gegn henni veri\u00f0 ska\u00f0leg.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd M\u00e1lv\u00f6ndunar\u00fe\u00e6ttinum var vakin athygli \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vi\u00f0m\u00e6landi \u00ed fr\u00e9ttum St\u00f6\u00f0var tv\u00f6 \u00ed g\u00e6rkv\u00f6ldi sag\u00f0i \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 b\u00faa miki\u00f0 af hugverkab\u00f3ndum \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk su\u00f0ur\u201c. Eins og vi\u00f0 var a\u00f0 b\u00faast olli \u00feetta hneykslun \u2013 \u201eSk\u00f6mm er a\u00f0 \u00feessu!\u201c, \u201e\u00daff. Bla\u00f0ab\u00f6rnin sitja vi\u00f0 skriftir\u201c, \u201eAf hverju r\u00e1\u00f0a V\u00edsismenn ekki f\u00f3lk sem kann \u00edslensku\u201c, \u201eL\u00e1gmark a\u00f0 kunna [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6998","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6998","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6998"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6998\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7002,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6998\/revisions\/7002"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6998"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6998"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6998"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}