{"id":7053,"date":"2024-11-07T17:42:56","date_gmt":"2024-11-07T17:42:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=7053"},"modified":"2024-11-07T18:49:15","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T18:49:15","slug":"ein-trefj","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2024\/11\/07\/ein-trefj\/","title":{"rendered":"Ein trefj"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd fr\u00e6gu <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=uVRs6ZCZqHE\">atri\u00f0i<\/a> <em>Rad\u00edusbr\u00e6\u00f0ra<\/em>, Dav\u00ed\u00f0s \u00de\u00f3rs J\u00f3nssonar og Steins \u00c1rmanns Magn\u00fassonar, leika \u00feeir s\u00e9r a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 b\u00faa til eint\u00f6lu me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 klippa fleirt\u00f6luendingu aftan af or\u00f0um og f\u00e1 \u00feannig \u00fat \u00f3venjulegar e\u00f0a \u00f3t\u00e6kar myndir. Sum or\u00f0in eru ekki til \u00ed eint\u00f6lu \u00ed venjulegu m\u00e1li \u2013 <em>trefjar <\/em>sem ver\u00f0ur *<em>trefj<\/em> \u00ed eint\u00f6lu, <em>menjar<\/em> sem ver\u00f0ur *<em>menj<\/em> og <em>fornminjar<\/em> sem ver\u00f0ur *<em>fornminj<\/em>. \u00dat fr\u00e1 fleirt\u00f6lunni <em>klyfjar <\/em>b\u00faa \u00feeir til eint\u00f6luna *<em>klyfj <\/em>\u00ed sta\u00f0 venjulegu myndarinnar <em>klyf<\/em>, og einnig b\u00faa \u00feeir til eint\u00f6luna *<em>fenj<\/em> \u00ed sta\u00f0 <em>fen <\/em>\u00fat fr\u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1gufalli fleirt\u00f6lu <em>fenjum<\/em>.\u00a0Fr\u00e1 merkingarlegu sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0i er ekkert \u00fev\u00ed til fyrirst\u00f6\u00f0u a\u00f0 nota \u00feessi or\u00f0 \u00ed eint\u00f6lu en hlj\u00f3\u00f0skipunarreglur m\u00e1lsins valda \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 eint\u00f6lumyndir me\u00f0 <em>j<\/em> eru vafasamar ef ekki \u00f3t\u00e6kar me\u00f0 \u00f6llu.<\/p>\n<p>\u00ddmis or\u00f0 \u00ed m\u00e1linu hafa <em>j<\/em> \u00ed sumum beygingarmyndum en ekki \u00f6\u00f0rum. Af karlkynsor\u00f0um m\u00e1 nefna <em>her <\/em>og <em>be\u00f0ur <\/em>sem eru <em>her<strong>j<\/strong>um <\/em>og <em>be\u00f0<strong>j<\/strong>um <\/em>\u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gufalli fleirt\u00f6lu, af kvenkynsor\u00f0um <em>skel <\/em>og <em>nyt<\/em>, \u00ed fleirt\u00f6lu <em>skel<strong>j<\/strong>ar <\/em>og <em>nyt<strong>j<\/strong>ar<\/em>, og af hvorugkynsor\u00f0um <em>ber <\/em>og <em>engi<\/em>, \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gufalli fleirt\u00f6lu <em>ber<strong>j<\/strong>um <\/em>og <em>eng<strong>j<\/strong>um<\/em>. \u00deessi or\u00f0 hafa upphaflega <em>j<\/em> \u00ed stofni en \u00fea\u00f0 fellur hins vegar brott vi\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0nar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur \u2013 einkum \u00ed enda or\u00f0s (vi\u00f0 segjum ekki *<em>herj<\/em>, *<em>skelj<\/em>, *<em>nytj<\/em>, *<em>berj<\/em> heldur <em>her<\/em>, <em>skel<\/em>, <em>nyt<\/em>, <em>ber<\/em>) og \u00e1 undan samhlj\u00f3\u00f0um (vi\u00f0 segjum ekki *<em>herjs<\/em>, *<em>be\u00f0js<\/em>, *<em>berjs<\/em> heldur <em>hers<\/em>, <em>be\u00f0s<\/em>, <em>bers<\/em>). Auk \u00feess fellur <em>j <\/em>brott \u00e1 undan nefnifallsendingunni <em>-ur<\/em> (vi\u00f0 segjum ekki *<em>be\u00f0jur<\/em> heldur <em>be\u00f0ur<\/em>) vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 h\u00fan var \u00e1\u00f0ur <em>-r<\/em>. \u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0an fyrir brottfalli <em>j <\/em>er hlj\u00f3\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ileg s\u00e9rsta\u00f0a \u00feess.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd fornu m\u00e1li var <em>j<\/em> svokalla\u00f0 h\u00e1lfs\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0 \u2013 \u00f3atkv\u00e6\u00f0isb\u00e6rt hlj\u00f3\u00f0, eins konar millistig milli s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0s og samhlj\u00f3\u00f0s. \u00cd n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li er \u00fea\u00f0 yfirleitt flokka\u00f0 sem samhlj\u00f3\u00f0 en \u00fe\u00f3 er oft l\u00edtill munur \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed og s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0inu <em>\u00ed<\/em>. Vegna hlj\u00f3\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegs e\u00f0lis s\u00edns ver\u00f0ur <em>j<\/em> alltaf a\u00f0 hafa s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0 n\u00e6st s\u00e9r, anna\u00f0hvort \u00e1 undan e\u00f0a eftir. \u00cd myndum eins og *<em>herj<\/em>, *<em>herjs <\/em>o.s.frv. er s\u00fa krafa ekki uppfyllt og \u00fev\u00ed hl\u00fdtur <em>j<\/em> a\u00f0 falla brott. Beygingarending sem hefst \u00e1 s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0i bjargar hins vegar m\u00e1linu \u2013 \u00ed myndum eins og <em>herjum<\/em>, <em>skeljar<\/em>, <em>berjum<\/em> o.s.frv. f\u00e6r <em>j<\/em> s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0 endingarinnar n\u00e6st \u00e1 eftir s\u00e9r og helst \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed \u00feeim myndum. \u00cd \u00fdmsum or\u00f0um hafa \u00fe\u00f3 \u00e1hrifsbreytingar ri\u00f0la\u00f0 \u00feessu svo a\u00f0 <em>j <\/em>hefur falli\u00f0 brott \u00fear sem \u00fea\u00f0 gat haldist, e\u00f0a helst \u00fear sem \u00fea\u00f0 hef\u00f0i \u00e1tt a\u00f0 falla brott.<\/p>\n<p>St\u00f6ku sinnum ver\u00f0a \u00fe\u00f3 til or\u00f0 sem brj\u00f3ta \u00feessar reglur, einkum \u00feegar reynt er a\u00f0 b\u00faa til nafnor\u00f0 af s\u00f6gnum me\u00f0 samhlj\u00f3\u00f0 og <em>j<\/em> \u00ed stofni. Eina algenga or\u00f0i\u00f0 af \u00fev\u00ed tagi \u00fear sem <em>j <\/em>er \u00ed enda or\u00f0s \u00e1n s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0s vi\u00f0 hli\u00f0 s\u00e9r er hvorugkynsor\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>grenj<\/em> af s\u00f6gninni <em>grenja <\/em>\u2013 elsta d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 er fr\u00e1 17. \u00f6ld. Fyrir utan <em>grenj <\/em>er hvorugkynsor\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>emj <\/em>af s\u00f6gninni <em>emja <\/em>eina or\u00f0i\u00f0 af \u00feessu tagi sem gefi\u00f0 er \u00ed <em>Beygingarl\u00fdsingu \u00edslensks n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1ls<\/em>, en vi\u00f0 b\u00e6\u00f0i or\u00f0in er <a href=\"https:\/\/bin.arnastofnun.is\/leit\/grenj\">athugasemd<\/a>: \u201eOr\u00f0i\u00f0 er einkum haft \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gufalli og nefnifalli og \u00feolfalli me\u00f0 greini. Engin d\u00e6mi hafa fundist um eignarfall.\u201c Myndirnar sem \u00fearna eru nefndar hafa allar endingar sem hefjast \u00e1 s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0i \u2013 <em>emji<\/em>, <em>grenji<\/em>; <em>emji\u00f0<\/em>, <em>grenji\u00f0<\/em>. \u00cd \u00feessum myndum bjargar endingars\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed <em>j<\/em>-inu.<\/p>\n<p>Ef b\u00fain v\u00e6ri til eint\u00f6lumynd eftir fleirt\u00f6lumyndunum <em>trefjar<\/em>, <em>menjar<\/em> og <em>fornminjar <\/em>\u00e6ttu \u00fe\u00e6r \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vera *<em>tref<\/em>, *<em>men<\/em> og *<em>fornmin <\/em>frekar en *<em>trefj<\/em>, *<em>menj<\/em> og *<em>fornminj<\/em>. Eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur segir v\u00e6ri ekkert vi\u00f0 \u00feessar myndir a\u00f0 athuga fr\u00e1 merkingarlegu sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0i \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 eru engar merkingarlegar \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ur fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00feessi or\u00f0 eru ekki til \u00ed eint\u00f6lu og vi\u00f0 myndum \u00f6rugglega venjast \u00feessum eint\u00f6lumyndum ef \u00fe\u00e6r k\u00e6must \u00ed notkun. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00fearf aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti ekki a\u00f0 b\u00faa til eint\u00f6lu af <em>klyfjar <\/em>og <em>fen<\/em> \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 h\u00fan er til \u00ed m\u00e1linu eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur segir \u2013 en er ekki *<em>klyfj<\/em> og *<em>fenj<\/em>, heldur <em>klyf <\/em>og <em>fen<\/em>. Or\u00f0myndir \u00feeirra <em>Rad\u00edusbr\u00e6\u00f0ra <\/em>eru hins vegar br\u00e1\u00f0skemmtilegt d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 hvernig h\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 leika s\u00e9r a\u00f0 tungum\u00e1linu og f\u00e1 okkur til a\u00f0 hugsa um or\u00f0 \u00e1 n\u00fdjan h\u00e1tt.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd fr\u00e6gu atri\u00f0i Rad\u00edusbr\u00e6\u00f0ra, Dav\u00ed\u00f0s \u00de\u00f3rs J\u00f3nssonar og Steins \u00c1rmanns Magn\u00fassonar, leika \u00feeir s\u00e9r a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 b\u00faa til eint\u00f6lu me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 klippa fleirt\u00f6luendingu aftan af or\u00f0um og f\u00e1 \u00feannig \u00fat \u00f3venjulegar e\u00f0a \u00f3t\u00e6kar myndir. Sum or\u00f0in eru ekki til \u00ed eint\u00f6lu \u00ed venjulegu m\u00e1li \u2013 trefjar sem ver\u00f0ur *trefj \u00ed eint\u00f6lu, menjar sem [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7053","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7053","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7053"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7053\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7059,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7053\/revisions\/7059"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7053"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7053"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7053"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}