{"id":7123,"date":"2025-01-26T08:50:17","date_gmt":"2025-01-26T08:50:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=7123"},"modified":"2025-01-26T08:50:17","modified_gmt":"2025-01-26T08:50:17","slug":"bondar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2025\/01\/26\/bondar\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00f3ndar"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u00e6\u00f0i h\u00e9r og \u00ed M\u00e1lv\u00f6ndunar\u00fe\u00e6ttinum hef \u00e9g s\u00e9\u00f0 athugasemdir um a\u00f0 beyging or\u00f0sins b\u00f3ndi <\/em>s\u00e9 a\u00f0 breytast og m.a. v\u00edsa\u00f0 til \u00feess a\u00f0 vi\u00f0m\u00e6landi R\u00edkissj\u00f3nvarpsins <\/em>\u00ed fr\u00e9ttum \u00ed fyrradag hafi sagt \u201eAllir b\u00f3ndar \u00ed dag eru bestu b\u00f3ndar \u00ed heimi\u201c. \u00dearna er vissulega notu\u00f0 \u00f3hef\u00f0bundin fleirtala or\u00f0sins b\u00f3ndi <\/em>\u2013 venjuleg fleirt\u00f6lubeyging \u00feess er b\u00e6ndur <\/em>\u2013 b\u00e6ndur <\/em>\u2013 b\u00e6ndum <\/em>\u2013 b\u00e6nda<\/em>. \u00cd fornu m\u00e1li voru \u00fe\u00e1gufall og eignarfall fleirt\u00f6lu reyndar b\u00f3ndum <\/em>og b\u00f3nda<\/em> en hafa breyst fyrir \u00e1hrif fr\u00e1 nefnifalli og \u00feolfalli eins og \u00e9g hef \u00e1\u00f0ur skrifa\u00f0 um. Fleirtalan b\u00f3ndar <\/em>sem vitna\u00f0 var til v\u00edkur \u00fev\u00ed fr\u00e1 hef\u00f0bundinni beygingu \u00e1 tvo vegu. Annars vegar er endingin -ar<\/em> \u00ed sta\u00f0 -ur<\/em>, og hins vegar ver\u00f0ur ekki hlj\u00f3\u00f0varp \u00ed stofninum \u2013 stofns\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00f3 <\/em>helst \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 breytast \u00ed \u00e6<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Hef\u00f0bundin beyging or\u00f0sins b\u00f3ndi<\/em> er reyndar mj\u00f6g \u00f3venjuleg. Langflest veik karlkynsor\u00f0, \u00fe.e. or\u00f0 sem enda \u00e1 -i <\/em>\u00ed nefnifalli eint\u00f6lu, f\u00e1 endinguna -ar <\/em>\u00ed nefnifalli fleirt\u00f6lu, og -a<\/em> \u00ed \u00feolfalli \u2013 or\u00f0 eins og hani <\/em>\u2013 hanar<\/em>, viti <\/em>\u2013 vitar<\/em>, risi <\/em>\u2013 risar<\/em>, hali <\/em>\u2013 halar<\/em>, angi <\/em>\u2013 angar<\/em>, d\u00f3ni <\/em>\u2013 d\u00f3nar<\/em>, biti <\/em>\u2013 bitar<\/em>, gumi <\/em>\u2013 gumar <\/em>o.s.frv. Undantekningar fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed eru einkum or\u00f0 sem enda \u00e1 -andi<\/em> og upphaflega eru l\u00fdsingarh\u00e1ttur n\u00fat\u00ed\u00f0ar af s\u00f6gn, svo sem eigandi <\/em>\u2013 eigendur<\/em>, nemandi <\/em>\u2013 nemendur<\/em>, lesandi <\/em>\u2013 lesendur<\/em> o.s.frv. \u2013 \u00feau or\u00f0 f\u00e1 -ur <\/em>b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed nefnifalli og \u00feolfalli fleirt\u00f6lu. Vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 b\u00e6tast \u00ferj\u00fa or\u00f0 sem hafa -nd- <\/em>\u00ed stofni og eru \u00ed raun styttar l\u00fdsingarh\u00e1ttarmyndir \u2013 fjandi<\/em> (f\u00edandi<\/em>, af<\/a> s\u00f6gninni fj\u00e1<\/em>), fr\u00e6ndi <\/em>(fr\u00edandi<\/em>, af<\/a> s\u00f6gninni fr\u00eda<\/em>) og b\u00f3ndi <\/em>(b\u00faandi<\/em>, af<\/a> s\u00f6gninni b\u00faa<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Or\u00f0in me\u00f0 -andi- <\/em>eru allst\u00f3r h\u00f3pur sem sker sig \u00far og hafa enga tilhneigingu til a\u00f0 breyta um beygingu svo a\u00f0 \u00e9g viti. \u00d6\u00f0ru m\u00e1li gegnir um b\u00f3ndi<\/em>, fjandi<\/em> og fr\u00e6ndi<\/em>. Vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00feau hafa styst og innihalda ekki lengur -and-<\/em> tengja m\u00e1lnotendur \u00feau ekki lengur vi\u00f0 \u00feann h\u00f3p heldur hafa tilhneigingu til a\u00f0 me\u00f0h\u00f6ndla \u00feau eins og hver \u00f6nnur veik karlkynsor\u00f0 \u2013 l\u00e1ta \u00feau hafa -ar<\/em> \u00ed nefnifalli fleirt\u00f6lu, og -a <\/em>\u00ed \u00feolfalli. \u00deetta \u00e1 einkum vi\u00f0 um or\u00f0i\u00f0 fjandi <\/em>\u2013 \u00ed Beygingarl\u00fdsingu \u00edslensks n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1ls <\/em>er b\u00e6\u00f0i gefin<\/a> fleirtalan fjendur <\/em>um fjendur <\/em>og fjandar <\/em>um fjanda<\/em>, og \u00ed athugasemd segir: \u201eFleirtalan fjendur<\/strong> er notu\u00f0 \u00ed merkingunni '\u00f3vinur' en fjandar<\/strong> fremur um p\u00faka e\u00f0a dr\u00fdsla.\u201c Myndin fjandar <\/em>var \u00fe\u00f3 einnig oft notu\u00f0 \u00ed merkingunni '\u00f3vinir' \u00e1\u00f0ur fyrr.<\/p>\n

En or\u00f0in b\u00f3ndi <\/em>og fr\u00e6ndi <\/em>hafa einnig tilhneigingu til a\u00f0 laga sig a\u00f0 venjulegu beygingarmynstri veikra karlkynsor\u00f0a og ver\u00f0a b\u00f3ndar <\/em>og fr\u00e6ndar <\/em>\u00ed nefnifalli fleirt\u00f6lu \u2013 b\u00f3nda <\/em>og fr\u00e6nda <\/em>\u00ed \u00feolfalli. F\u00e1ein d\u00e6mi eru um hvort tveggja \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is <\/em>en nokkru fleiri \u00ed Risam\u00e1lheildinni<\/em>, einkum af samf\u00e9lagsmi\u00f0lum. \u00c9g held samt a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 oft einhver merkingarmunur \u00e1 \u00feessum myndum og \u00feeim venjulegu. Fleirtalan b\u00f3ndar <\/em>er a\u00f0allega notu\u00f0 \u00ed tengslum vi\u00f0 b\u00f3ndadaginn<\/em>, \u00fe.e. \u00ed merkingunni 'eiginmenn' frekar en \u00ed v\u00edsun til atvinnu. Fleirtalan fr\u00e6ndar<\/em> vir\u00f0ist helst koma fyrir \u00ed sambandinu fr\u00e6nkur og fr\u00e6ndar<\/em> og er e.t.v. fremur notu\u00f0 \u00fear sem \u00e1herslan er \u00e1 einstaklingana fremur en skyldleikann \u00fe\u00f3tt erfitt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 \u00e1tta sig almennilega \u00e1 notkuninni.<\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 er sem s\u00e9 einf\u00f6ld og e\u00f0lileg sk\u00fdring \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hvers vegna myndir eins og fjandar<\/em>, b\u00f3ndar<\/em> og fr\u00e6ndar <\/em>koma upp sem a\u00f0l\u00f6gun a\u00f0 almennu beygingarmynstri veikra karlkynsor\u00f0a. Var\u00f0andi or\u00f0i\u00f0 b\u00f3ndi <\/em>s\u00e9rstaklega skiptir m\u00e1li a\u00f0 \u00ed tengslum vi\u00f0 b\u00f3ndadaginn <\/em>hefur \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9rstaka merkingu sem skiljanlegt er a\u00f0 m\u00e1lnotendur tengi ekki endilega vi\u00f0 a\u00f0almerkingu or\u00f0sins heldur me\u00f0h\u00f6ndli sem s\u00e9rstakt or\u00f0 me\u00f0 s\u00edna eigin beygingu. Svo er anna\u00f0 m\u00e1l hva\u00f0a sko\u00f0un vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum \u00e1 \u00feessari breytingu \u2013 er \u00feetta eitthva\u00f0 verra en \u00feegar b\u00f3ndum <\/em>og b\u00f3nda <\/em>var\u00f0 b\u00e6ndum <\/em>og b\u00e6nda<\/em>? Okkur finnst \u00f6llum a\u00f0 or\u00f0 eigi a\u00f0 halda \u00e1fram a\u00f0 beygjast eins og \u00feau beyg\u00f0ust \u00feegar vi\u00f0 l\u00e6r\u00f0um \u00feau, og \u00fea\u00f0 er e\u00f0lilegt \u2013 en \u00feessi breyting er sm\u00e1v\u00e6gileg og s\u00e1rasaklaus.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u00e6\u00f0i h\u00e9r og \u00ed M\u00e1lv\u00f6ndunar\u00fe\u00e6ttinum hef \u00e9g s\u00e9\u00f0 athugasemdir um a\u00f0 beyging or\u00f0sins b\u00f3ndi s\u00e9 a\u00f0 breytast og m.a. v\u00edsa\u00f0 til \u00feess a\u00f0 vi\u00f0m\u00e6landi R\u00edkissj\u00f3nvarpsins \u00ed fr\u00e9ttum \u00ed fyrradag hafi sagt \u201eAllir b\u00f3ndar \u00ed dag eru bestu b\u00f3ndar \u00ed heimi\u201c. \u00dearna er vissulega notu\u00f0 \u00f3hef\u00f0bundin fleirtala or\u00f0sins b\u00f3ndi \u2013 venjuleg fleirt\u00f6lubeyging \u00feess er b\u00e6ndur \u2013 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7123","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7123","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7123"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7123\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7124,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7123\/revisions\/7124"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7123"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7123"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7123"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}