{"id":7201,"date":"2025-03-29T16:22:37","date_gmt":"2025-03-29T16:22:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=7201"},"modified":"2025-03-29T16:22:37","modified_gmt":"2025-03-29T16:22:37","slug":"mer-hlakkar-til","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2025\/03\/29\/mer-hlakkar-til\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e9r hlakkar til"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00deegar aukafalli f\u00f3r a\u00f0 breg\u00f0a fyrir me\u00f0 s\u00f6gninni <em>hlakka til <\/em>var \u00fea\u00f0 frekar \u00feolfall framan af. \u00deetta m\u00e1 b\u00e6\u00f0i sj\u00e1 af d\u00e6mum um \u00feessa m\u00e1lnotkun \u00e1 prenti og \u00e1 athugasemdum vi\u00f0 hana. \u00cd elsta d\u00e6mi um sl\u00edkar athugasemdir sem \u00e9g hef fundi\u00f0, \u00ed <em>Foreldrabla\u00f0inu <\/em>1939, er reyndar tala\u00f0 um b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00feolfall og \u00fe\u00e1gufall, \u201eAmb\u00f6gurnar \u00ed m\u00e1li barnanna eru margskonar, t.d. [\u2026] m\u00e9r e\u00f0a mig hlakkar til, \u00ed sta\u00f0, \u00e9g hlakka til\u201c, en oft er eing\u00f6ngu tala\u00f0 um <em>mig hlakkar<\/em>. Or\u00f0alag Eir\u00edks Hreins Finnbogasonar \u00ed <em>V\u00edsi <\/em>1956, \u201eAfar algengt er, a\u00f0 f\u00f3lk fari rangt me\u00f0 s\u00f6gnina a\u00f0 hlakka til, l\u00e1ti hana standa me\u00f0 \u00feolfalli e\u00f0a jafnvel \u00fe\u00e1gufalli\u201c, bendir l\u00edka til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1gufalli\u00f0 hafi veri\u00f0 sjaldg\u00e6fara. Oft er reyndar ekki h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 greina milli falla, t.d. \u00ed <em>hann hlakkar <\/em>og <em>okkur hlakkar<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Sl\u00e6\u00f0ing af d\u00e6mum um \u00feolfalli\u00f0 m\u00e1 finna \u00ed bl\u00f6\u00f0um og t\u00edmaritum fr\u00e1 undanf\u00f6rnum \u00e1ttat\u00edu \u00e1rum, en \u00e9g hef ekki fundi\u00f0 nein \u00f3tv\u00edr\u00e6\u00f0 d\u00e6mi um \u00fe\u00e1gufalli\u00f0 fyrir 1990 nema \u00feegar veri\u00f0 er a\u00f0 vitna or\u00f0r\u00e9tt \u00ed tala\u00f0 m\u00e1l e\u00f0a gera athugasemdir vi\u00f0 \u00feessa notkun. L\u00edklega hefur \u00feolfalli\u00f0 stundum veri\u00f0 tali\u00f0 \u201er\u00e9ttara\u201c en \u00fe\u00e1gufalli\u00f0. Til \u00feess benda m.a. d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 prenti, sem og spurningin \u00ed <em>Heimilisritinu <\/em>1948, \u201e\u201eEr r\u00e9ttara a\u00f0 segja \u201emig hlakkar til\u201c heldur en \u201em\u00e9r hlakkar til\u201c\u201c. Al\u00feekkt eru l\u00edka or\u00f0askiptin \u00ed <em>Punktur punktur komma strik <\/em>eftir P\u00e9tur Gunnarsson fr\u00e1 1976 \u00fear sem Andri segir \u201eMamma, mamma \u2013 m\u00e9r hlakkar svo til\u201c, fa\u00f0irinn lei\u00f0r\u00e9ttir: \u201e<em>Mig <\/em>hlakkar\u201c, en m\u00f3\u00f0irin \u00e1r\u00e9ttar \u201e<em>\u00c9g <\/em>hlakka til\u201c og fa\u00f0irinn segir \u201eErtu eitthva\u00f0 klikku\u00f0 kona\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dea\u00f0 er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 notkun aukafalls me\u00f0 <em>hlakka til <\/em>hefur lengi veri\u00f0 \u00fatbreidd \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fatbrei\u00f0slan hafi veri\u00f0 mismunandi eftir \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9lagsh\u00f3pum eins og kom fram \u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/page\/6216135?iabr=on#page\/n38\/mode\/1up\">k\u00f6nnun<\/a> F\u00e9lagsv\u00edsindastofnunar 1986 sem G\u00edsli P\u00e1lsson segir fr\u00e1 \u00ed <em>\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0l\u00edfi <\/em>1987. \u00dear var spurt: <em>\u201eSumir segja \u201e\u00c9g hlakka til a\u00f0 fara\u201c, a\u00f0rir \u201eMig hlakkar til a\u00f0 fara\u201c, og enn a\u00f0rir \u201eM\u00e9r hlakkar til a\u00f0 fara\u201c. Hva\u00f0 af \u00feessu myndir \u00fe\u00fa segja?\u201c<\/em> H\u00e1tt \u00ed helmingur reyndist nota \u201erangt\u201c fall: \u201eFlestir svarendur, e\u00f0a 54,7%, s\u00f6g\u00f0ust myndu segja \u201e\u00e9g\u201c, 36,8% \u201emig\u201c og 8,4% \u201em\u00e9r\u201c (1,1% \u00fe\u00e1tttakenda t\u00f3k ekki afst\u00f6\u00f0u). Markt\u00e6kt samband reynist vera \u00e1 milli m\u00e1lnotkunar og f\u00e9lagsst\u00f6\u00f0u. \u00dev\u00ed h\u00e6rri sem f\u00e9lagssta\u00f0an er \u00feeim mun \u00f3l\u00edklegra er a\u00f0 vi\u00f0komandi noti \u201erangt\u201c fall (\u00feolfall e\u00f0a \u00fe\u00e1gufall).\u201c<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd <a href=\"https:\/\/eirikur.hi.is\/st13.html\">verkefninu<\/a> <em>Ranns\u00f3kn \u00e1 m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegum aflei\u00f0ingum stafr\u00e6ns m\u00e1lsamb\u00fdlis <\/em>\u00e1ri\u00f0 2017 var \u00fe\u00e1tttakendum 13 \u00e1ra og eldri gefin setningin <em>\u00dea\u00f0 er a\u00f0fangadagskv\u00f6ld og br\u00e6\u00f0urnir geta ekki be\u00f0i\u00f0<\/em>, og s\u00ed\u00f0an be\u00f0i\u00f0 um mat \u00e1 tvenns konar framhaldi: <em>\u00deeir hlakka svo til<\/em> og <em>\u00deeim hlakkar svo til<\/em>. 49% \u00fe\u00e1tttakenda t\u00f6ldu a\u00f0 \u201er\u00e9tta\u201c setningin me\u00f0 nefnifallinu <em>\u00feeir <\/em>v\u00e6ri \u201emj\u00f6g \u00f3e\u00f0lileg\u201c e\u00f0a \u201efrekar \u00f3e\u00f0lileg\u201c en 47% \u00fe\u00f3tti h\u00fan \u201efrekar e\u00f0lileg\u201c e\u00f0a \u201ealveg e\u00f0lileg\u201c. 56% fannst setningin me\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1gufallinu <em>\u00feeim <\/em>\u201emj\u00f6g \u00f3e\u00f0lileg\u201c e\u00f0a \u201efrekar \u00f3e\u00f0lileg\u201c en 37% fannst h\u00fan \u201efrekar e\u00f0lileg\u201c e\u00f0a \u201ealveg e\u00f0lileg\u201c. Ekki var spurt um \u00feolfalli\u00f0 en gera m\u00e1 r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir a\u00f0 einhver \u00feeirra sem fannst b\u00e6\u00f0i nefnifalli\u00f0 og \u00fe\u00e1gufalli\u00f0 \u00f3e\u00f0lilegt hef\u00f0u vali\u00f0 \u00feolfalli\u00f0 ef \u00fea\u00f0 hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 \u00ed bo\u00f0i.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd ranns\u00f3kninni kom fram sk\u00fdr munur eftir menntun, einkum \u00ed mati \u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1gufallinu \u2013 hlutfall f\u00f3lks me\u00f0 h\u00e1sk\u00f3lamenntun sem taldi \u00fea\u00f0 e\u00f0lilegt var mun l\u00e6gra en hlutfall f\u00f3lks me\u00f0 minni menntun. \u00a0S\u00e1ral\u00edtill munur var \u00e1 d\u00f3mum mismunandi aldursh\u00f3pa um nefnifalli\u00f0, en hins vegar voru mun f\u00e6rri \u00ed h\u00f3punum yfir fertugu sem t\u00f6ldu \u00fe\u00e1gufalli\u00f0 e\u00f0lilegt, og m\u00e1 lei\u00f0a l\u00edkum a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 f\u00f3lk hef\u00f0i fremur vali\u00f0 \u00feolfalli\u00f0. En notkun aukafalls me\u00f0 <em>hlakka til<\/em> hefur v\u00e6ntanlega lengi veri\u00f0 margfalt algengari en prenta\u00f0ar heimildir benda til, \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 sl\u00edk fr\u00e1vik fr\u00e1 vi\u00f0urkenndu m\u00e1li hafa oftast veri\u00f0 hreinsu\u00f0 \u00fat \u00ed pr\u00f3farkalestri. \u00dea\u00f0 er fyrst me\u00f0 tilkomu \u00a0<em>Risam\u00e1lheildarinnar <\/em>sem vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum a\u00f0gang a\u00f0 miklu magni \u00f3pr\u00f3farkalesinna texta, en \u00feeir eru flestir fr\u00e1 \u00feessari \u00f6ld.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dear er mikill fj\u00f6ldi d\u00e6ma um \u00fe\u00e1gufall me\u00f0 <em>hlakka til <\/em>en \u00fe\u00f3 u.\u00fe.b. \u00ferisvar sinnum fleiri d\u00e6mi um \u00feolfall \u2013 \u00ed b\u00e1\u00f0um tilvikum eru h\u00e1tt \u00ed 90% d\u00e6manna af samf\u00e9lagsmi\u00f0lum. \u00deetta er breyting sem hefur veri\u00f0 \u00ed gangi s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00e1 n\u00edtj\u00e1ndu \u00f6ld, hefur n\u00e1\u00f0 til verulegs hluta m\u00e1lnotenda \u00e1 \u00f6llum aldri, og engar l\u00edkur eru \u00e1 a\u00f0 ver\u00f0i st\u00f6\u00f0vu\u00f0 e\u00f0a sn\u00fai\u00f0 vi\u00f0. \u00d3tal samb\u00e6rilegar breytingar hafa or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed m\u00e1linu \u00e1 undanf\u00f6rnum \u00f6ldum. \u00deess vegna er f\u00e1r\u00e1nlegt a\u00f0 telja \u00feessa m\u00e1lnotkun ranga og l\u00edta ni\u00f0ur \u00e1 hana. N\u00e6r er a\u00f0 taka mark \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed sem Gu\u00f0bergur Bergsson <a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/page\/2535847?iabr=on#page\/n7\/mode\/1up\">sag\u00f0i<\/a> \u00ed <em>DV <\/em>1987: \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 er ekkert vit \u00ed a\u00f0 vera s\u00edfellt a\u00f0 staglast \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed, \u00ed t\u00edma og \u00f3t\u00edma: <strong>M\u00e9r hlakkar til<\/strong> er rangt m\u00e1l. Miklu n\u00e6r v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 b\u00faa unga f\u00f3lki\u00f0 undir a\u00f0 heyra eitthva\u00f0, sem \u00fea\u00f0 hlakkar til a\u00f0 heyra.\u201c<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00deegar aukafalli f\u00f3r a\u00f0 breg\u00f0a fyrir me\u00f0 s\u00f6gninni hlakka til var \u00fea\u00f0 frekar \u00feolfall framan af. \u00deetta m\u00e1 b\u00e6\u00f0i sj\u00e1 af d\u00e6mum um \u00feessa m\u00e1lnotkun \u00e1 prenti og \u00e1 athugasemdum vi\u00f0 hana. \u00cd elsta d\u00e6mi um sl\u00edkar athugasemdir sem \u00e9g hef fundi\u00f0, \u00ed Foreldrabla\u00f0inu 1939, er reyndar tala\u00f0 um b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00feolfall og \u00fe\u00e1gufall, \u201eAmb\u00f6gurnar \u00ed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7201","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7201","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7201"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7201\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7202,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7201\/revisions\/7202"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7201"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7201"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7201"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}