{"id":7206,"date":"2025-03-31T12:47:05","date_gmt":"2025-03-31T12:47:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=7206"},"modified":"2025-03-31T12:47:05","modified_gmt":"2025-03-31T12:47:05","slug":"ensk-ahrif-eda-ekki","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2025\/03\/31\/ensk-ahrif-eda-ekki\/","title":{"rendered":"Ensk \u00e1hrif e\u00f0a ekki?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00dea\u00f0 er enginn vafi \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 ensk \u00e1hrif \u00e1 \u00edslenska setningager\u00f0 hafa fari\u00f0 vaxandi \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1rum. \u00deessi \u00e1hrif eru oft mj\u00f6g l\u00famsk vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 or\u00f0in eru \u00edslensk og notu\u00f0 \u00ed hef\u00f0bundinni merkingu (\u00fe\u00f3tt vissulega geti h\u00fan l\u00edka hnikast til) en eitthva\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed hvernig or\u00f0in standa \u00ed setningu er fr\u00e1brug\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed sem venja er \u00ed \u00edslensku. Munurinn er \u00fe\u00f3 oft svo l\u00edtill a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 t\u00f6kum ekki eftir honum \u00ed m\u00e1li annarra, enda erum vi\u00f0 sj\u00e1lf oft or\u00f0in gegns\u00f3sa \u00ed ensku. En \u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.visir.is\/g\/20252708112d\/trump-mjog-reidur-ut-i-putin\">fr\u00e9tt<\/a> \u00e1 vefmi\u00f0li \u00ed morgun staldra\u00f0i \u00e9g \u00fe\u00f3 vi\u00f0 setninguna \u201eTrump h\u00f3tar enn fleiri tollgj\u00f6ldum skyldi P\u00fat\u00edn ekki halda \u00e1fram \u00ed vopnahl\u00e9svi\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0um\u201c vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 m\u00e9r fannst notkun sagnmyndarinnar <em>skyldi <\/em>\u00fearna einhvern veginn bera keim af enskri setningager\u00f0 \u2013 <em>should Putin not<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Formlega s\u00e9\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist ekkert athugavert vi\u00f0 \u00feetta. \u00dearna er skilyr\u00f0issetning, \u201eskyldi P\u00fat\u00edn ekki halda \u00e1fram \u00ed vopnahl\u00e9svi\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0um\u201c sem er ekki tengd er vi\u00f0 a\u00f0alsetninguna \u201eTrump h\u00f3tar enn fleiri tollgj\u00f6ldum\u201c me\u00f0 hinni d\u00e6miger\u00f0u skilyr\u00f0istengingu <em>ef<\/em> \u2013 einnig v\u00e6ri h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 segja <em>Trump h\u00f3tar enn fleiri tollgj\u00f6ldum <strong>ef<\/strong> P\u00fat\u00edn heldur ekki \u00e1fram \u00ed vopnahl\u00e9svi\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0um<\/em>. En \u00fea\u00f0 er alkunna a\u00f0 skilyr\u00f0issetningar hafa \u00fe\u00e1 s\u00e9rst\u00f6\u00f0u me\u00f0al aukasetninga a\u00f0 h\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 sleppa tengingunni en byrja aukasetninguna \u00feess \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00e1 s\u00f6gn \u00ed vi\u00f0tengingarh\u00e6tti \u2013 h\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 segja b\u00e6\u00f0i <em>\u00e9g ver\u00f0 gla\u00f0ur <strong>ef<\/strong> h\u00fan getur hj\u00e1lpa\u00f0 m\u00e9r <\/em>og <em>\u00e9g ver\u00f0 gla\u00f0ur <strong>geti<\/strong> h\u00fan hj\u00e1lpa\u00f0 m\u00e9r<\/em>. Er \u00fe\u00e1 ekki skilyr\u00f0issetningin <em>skyldi P\u00fat\u00edn ekki halda \u00e1fram \u00ed vopnahl\u00e9svi\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0um<\/em> \u00ed g\u00f3\u00f0u lagi?<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9g hef samt \u00e1 tilfinningunni a\u00f0 ekki s\u00e9 venja \u00ed \u00edslensku a\u00f0 nota s\u00f6gnina <em>skulu <\/em>alveg svona, en vissulega er \u00feetta ekki einsd\u00e6mi og \u00e9g finn sl\u00e6\u00f0ing af svipu\u00f0um setningum fr\u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1rum, svo sem \u201ehindra a\u00f0 Bush forseti gr\u00edpi til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0a a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0ast \u00e1 \u00cdran, skyldi hann vilja gera \u00fea\u00f0\u201c \u00ed <em>Fr\u00e9ttabla\u00f0inu <\/em>2007 \u201e\u00c9g skal taka \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 mig a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta Carlsen vita a\u00f0 \u00cdslendingar taka \u00f3\u00feekkum sk\u00e1km\u00f6nnum opnum \u00f6rmum skyldi hann vilja \u00edsl. r\u00edkisfang\u201c \u00e1 <em>Twitter <\/em>2015, \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur \u00e1hugavert a\u00f0 fylgjast me\u00f0 samskiptum Suarez og varnarmanna Juventus skyldu li\u00f0in m\u00e6tast \u00ed \u00farslitum\u201c \u00e1 <em>f\u00f3tbolti.net <\/em>2015, \u201eEndurn\u00fdjun \u00e1 mi\u00f0ju United g\u00e6ti gert Skotanum kleift a\u00f0 yfirgefa herb\u00fa\u00f0ir f\u00e9lagsins, skyldi hann vilja \u00fea\u00f0\u201c \u00ed <em>mbl.is <\/em>2023, og nokkrar fleiri.<\/p>\n<p>En svo er \u00feetta kannski ekkert n\u00fdtt. \u00cd leikritinu \u201eGizurr \u00deorvaldsson\u201c eftir s\u00e9ra Eggert \u00d3. Briem, sem birtist \u00ed <em>Draupni <\/em>1895, segir t.d.: \u201eEn skyldi hann vilja heyra till\u00f6gur m\u00ednar um \u00fea\u00f0 m\u00e1l \u00ed dag, mun eg m\u00e6la svo, sem m\u00e9r \u00fe\u00e1 \u00feykir sannlegast.\u201c \u00dearna er <em>skyldi <\/em>nota\u00f0 \u00ed upphafi skilyr\u00f0issetningar eins og \u00ed d\u00e6munum a\u00f0 framan. Vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 vitum af vaxandi enskum \u00e1hrifum m\u00e1 alltaf b\u00faast vi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00feykjumst sj\u00e1 sl\u00edk \u00e1hrif v\u00ed\u00f0ar en \u00feau eru \u00ed raun \u2013 h\u00f6ldum a\u00f0 eitthva\u00f0 sem svipar til ensku hlj\u00f3ti a\u00f0 vera komi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0an \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 hafi lengi t\u00ed\u00f0kast \u00ed m\u00e1linu. \u00dea\u00f0 m\u00e1 ekki gleyma \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00edslenska og enska eru skyld m\u00e1l. M\u00e9r finnst samt enn a\u00f0 setningin sem vitna\u00f0 var til \u00ed upphafi s\u00e9 eitthva\u00f0 enskulegri en a\u00f0rar \u2013 en \u00e1tta mig ekki alveg \u00e1 muninum.<\/p>\n<p>En ef \u00fea\u00f0 k\u00e6mi n\u00fa \u00ed lj\u00f3s vi\u00f0 n\u00e1nari athugun a\u00f0 \u00fearna v\u00e6ri um ensk \u00e1hrif a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a \u2013 hva\u00f0a \u00e1hrif hef\u00f0i \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 mat okkar \u00e1 sl\u00edkum setningum og vi\u00f0horf til \u00feeirra? \u00dea\u00f0 er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 um sm\u00e1v\u00e6gilega breytingu v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a sem tekur bara til einnar sagnar, <em>skulu<\/em>, og hefur ekki \u00e1hrif \u00e1 kerfi\u00f0 \u00ed heild. \u00d3tal samb\u00e6rilegar breytingar hafa or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 m\u00e1linu \u00e1 undanf\u00f6rnum \u00e1ratugum og \u00f6ldum \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 sj\u00e1um \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0u til a\u00f0 amast vi\u00f0 \u00feeim \u2013 og oftast reyndar \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 gerum okkur grein fyrir \u00feeim. \u00de\u00f3tt vi\u00f0 viljum vitanlega halda \u00ed \u00edslenska setningager\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u00e9g \u00fev\u00ed enga \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0u til a\u00f0 ergja sig s\u00e9rstaklega \u00e1 \u00feessari breytingu \u2013 ef \u00feetta er breyting. Hins vegar er sj\u00e1lfsagt a\u00f0 vera \u00e1 var\u00f0bergi gagnvart enskum \u00e1hrifum sem gera sig l\u00edkleg til a\u00f0 hafa \u00e1hrif \u00e1 m\u00e1lkerfi\u00f0.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00dea\u00f0 er enginn vafi \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 ensk \u00e1hrif \u00e1 \u00edslenska setningager\u00f0 hafa fari\u00f0 vaxandi \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1rum. \u00deessi \u00e1hrif eru oft mj\u00f6g l\u00famsk vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 or\u00f0in eru \u00edslensk og notu\u00f0 \u00ed hef\u00f0bundinni merkingu (\u00fe\u00f3tt vissulega geti h\u00fan l\u00edka hnikast til) en eitthva\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed hvernig or\u00f0in standa \u00ed setningu er fr\u00e1brug\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed sem [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7206","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7206","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7206"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7206\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7207,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7206\/revisions\/7207"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7206"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7206"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7206"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}