{"id":7285,"date":"2025-05-02T13:09:08","date_gmt":"2025-05-02T13:09:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=7285"},"modified":"2025-05-02T13:15:55","modified_gmt":"2025-05-02T13:15:55","slug":"ad-radska-radskun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2025\/05\/02\/ad-radska-radskun\/","title":{"rendered":"A\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0ska \u2013 r\u00e1\u00f0skun"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd g\u00e6r var spurt \u00ed \u201eM\u00e1lspjalli\u201c hvernig \u00e6tti a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0a nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>manipulation<\/em> \u00e1 \u00edslensku. \u00cd <em>Ensk-\u00edslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k me\u00f0 alfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegu \u00edvafi<\/em> er \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fdtt 'stj\u00f3rnun (einkum me\u00f0 \u00f3hei\u00f0arlegum br\u00f6g\u00f0um e\u00f0a baktjaldamakki)' og s\u00f6gnin <em>manipulate<\/em> sem nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 er leitt af er \u00fear \u00fe\u00fddd 'r\u00e1\u00f0skast me\u00f0, hafa \u00e1hrif \u00e1 (mann e\u00f0a atbur\u00f0ar\u00e1s) me\u00f0 k\u00e6nskubr\u00f6g\u00f0um'. \u00dea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri vissulega gagnlegt a\u00f0 hafa \u00edslensk or\u00f0 sem samsv\u00f6ru\u00f0u ensku or\u00f0unum en hins vegar er ekki hlaupi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 benda \u00e1 einhver tiltekin nafnor\u00f0 og s\u00f6gn sem henti til \u00feess. \u00cd umr\u00e6\u00f0u komu \u00fe\u00f3 fram \u00fdmsar till\u00f6gur \u2013 <em>launstj\u00f3rn<\/em>(<em>un<\/em>), <em>innr\u00e6ting<\/em>, <em>\u00fevingun<\/em>, <em>tilfinningastj\u00f3rnun<\/em>, <em>skuggastj\u00f3rnun<\/em>,<em> v\u00e9lun<\/em>,<em> launfrekja <\/em>o.fl. fyrir nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0, <em>blekkja<\/em>, <em>handlanga<\/em>,<em> kl\u00e6kjast\u00fdra<\/em>, <em>r\u00e1\u00f0skast me\u00f0<\/em> fyrir s\u00f6gnina.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00f6rg \u00feessara or\u00f0a eru villandi e\u00f0a of almenns e\u00f0lis fyrir \u00fe\u00e1 merkingu sem um er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a, og af \u00feeim sem nefnd voru finnst m\u00e9r einungis <em>launstj\u00f3rnun <\/em>og <em>r\u00e1\u00f0skast me\u00f0 <\/em>koma til greina. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>launstj\u00f3rnun <\/em>hefur veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0 \u00e1\u00f0ur, \u00ed <em>Morgni <\/em>1993: \u201eM\u00f3\u00f0ir Hildebrandts er kona sem i\u00f0kar launstj\u00f3rnun, bruggar launr\u00e1\u00f0 og egnir til sams\u00e6ra til a\u00f0 tryggja hagsmuni s\u00edna.\u201c \u00deetta er \u00far \u00fe\u00fdddri grein og \u00fat fr\u00e1 samhenginu ekki \u00f3l\u00edklegt a\u00f0 <em>launstj\u00f3rnun<\/em> s\u00e9 \u00fearna nota\u00f0 sem \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ing \u00e1 <em>manipulation<\/em>. En \u00feetta er eina d\u00e6mi\u00f0 sem \u00e9g hef fundi\u00f0 um or\u00f0i\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00e6skilegt a\u00f0 h\u00e6gt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 hafa samsvarandi nafnor\u00f0 og s\u00f6gn um <em>manipulation <\/em>og <em>manipulate<\/em>, og einfalt v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 mynda s\u00f6gnina <em>launstj\u00f3rna <\/em>\u2013 sem \u00e9g finn engin d\u00e6mi um \u2013 \u00fat fr\u00e1 nafnor\u00f0inu <em>launstj\u00f3rnun<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Sambandi\u00f0 <em>r\u00e1\u00f0skast me\u00f0<\/em> er \u00feekkt \u00ed m\u00e1linu s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00ed upphafi tuttugustu aldar \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 hafi ekki or\u00f0i\u00f0 algengt fyrr en eftir mi\u00f0ja \u00f6ldina og s\u00e9rstaklega eftir 1970. S\u00f6gnin er langoftast h\u00f6f\u00f0 \u00ed mi\u00f0mynd en germyndin <em>r\u00e1\u00f0ska <\/em>(<em>me\u00f0 <\/em>e\u00f0a <em>\u00ed<\/em>) \u00feekkist \u00fe\u00f3 einnig \u00fe\u00f3tt h\u00fan s\u00e9 sjaldg\u00e6f: \u201eEn n\u00fa voru \u00feeir teknir a\u00f0 \u00fereytast \u00e1 a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta \u00fe\u00e1 st\u00f3ru r\u00e1\u00f0ska me\u00f0 sig og kr\u00f6f\u00f0ust r\u00e9ttar s\u00edns \u00ed stj\u00f3rn landsins\u201c segir t.d. \u00ed <em>Vikunni <\/em>1970. Samsvarandi nafnor\u00f0, <em>r\u00e1\u00f0skun<\/em>, er enn sjaldg\u00e6fara en er \u00fe\u00f3 til \u00ed m\u00e1linu \u2013 \u201e\u00cd \u00fev\u00ed t\u00f3mar\u00fami skapast andlegt \u00f6ryggisleysi, sem gerir einstaklinginn enn \u00fatsettari fyrir r\u00e1\u00f0skun af h\u00e1lfu kerfisins\u201c segir t.d. \u00ed <em>L\u00e6knanemanum <\/em>1969 og \u201eR\u00e1\u00f0skun stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1laflokka me\u00f0 samt\u00f6kin eru h\u00e6ttulegt v\u00edti sem varast ver\u00f0ur\u201c segir \u00ed <em>St\u00e9ttabar\u00e1ttunni <\/em>1975.<\/p>\n<p>Or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>launstj\u00f3rnun <\/em>er vissulega gagns\u00e6tt en m\u00e9r finnst \u00fea\u00f0 samt ekki n\u00e1 merkingunni \u00ed <em>manipulation <\/em>alveg n\u00f3gu vel. \u00c9g legg til a\u00f0 germyndin <em>r\u00e1\u00f0ska <\/em>ver\u00f0i tekin upp sem \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ing \u00e1 s\u00f6gninni <em>manipulate<\/em>. Germyndin er til \u00ed m\u00e1linu eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur segir, og kosturinn vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 nota hana umfram hina venjulegu \u00feolmynd er s\u00e1 a\u00f0 vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 h\u00fan er f\u00e6stum munnt\u00f6m er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 gefa henni s\u00e9rh\u00e6f\u00f0ri og afmarka\u00f0ri merkingu en h\u00fan hefur \u00ed hinu almenna og algenga sambandi <em>r\u00e1\u00f0skast me\u00f0<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00e6tti ekki heldur a\u00f0 vera neitt \u00fev\u00ed til fyirst\u00f6\u00f0u a\u00f0 nota <em>r\u00e1\u00f0skun <\/em>sem samsvarandi nafnor\u00f0 \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 hefur ekki heldur fastm\u00f3ta\u00f0a merkingu \u00ed huga m\u00e1lnotenda og \u00feau f\u00e1u d\u00e6mi sem finnast um \u00fea\u00f0 falla \u00e1g\u00e6tlega a\u00f0 merkingu or\u00f0sins <em>manipulation<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd g\u00e6r var spurt \u00ed \u201eM\u00e1lspjalli\u201c hvernig \u00e6tti a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0a nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 manipulation \u00e1 \u00edslensku. \u00cd Ensk-\u00edslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k me\u00f0 alfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegu \u00edvafi er \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fdtt 'stj\u00f3rnun (einkum me\u00f0 \u00f3hei\u00f0arlegum br\u00f6g\u00f0um e\u00f0a baktjaldamakki)' og s\u00f6gnin manipulate sem nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 er leitt af er \u00fear \u00fe\u00fddd 'r\u00e1\u00f0skast me\u00f0, hafa \u00e1hrif \u00e1 (mann e\u00f0a atbur\u00f0ar\u00e1s) me\u00f0 k\u00e6nskubr\u00f6g\u00f0um'. \u00dea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri vissulega gagnlegt [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7285","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7285","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7285"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7285\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7287,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7285\/revisions\/7287"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7285"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7285"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7285"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}