{"id":7290,"date":"2025-05-06T21:46:03","date_gmt":"2025-05-06T21:46:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=7290"},"modified":"2025-05-07T07:35:06","modified_gmt":"2025-05-07T07:35:06","slug":"tilheyring-tilheyrsla","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2025\/05\/06\/tilheyring-tilheyrsla\/","title":{"rendered":"Tilheyring \u2013 tilheyrsla"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cd dag var spurt \u00ed \u201eM\u00e1lspjalli\u201c um nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 tilheyring <\/em>sem fyrirspyrjandi haf\u00f0i rekist \u00e1 sem \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu \u00e1 belonging <\/em>\u00e1 ensku. \u00cd umr\u00e6\u00f0um var bent \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00feetta or\u00f0 er gefi\u00f0 sem samheiti sagnarinnar tilheyra <\/em>\u00ed or\u00f0asafninun \u201eMenntunarfr\u00e6\u00f0i\u201c \u00ed \u00cd\u00f0or\u00f0abankanum<\/em> og skilgreint<\/a> 'S\u00fa tilfinning einstaklings a\u00f0 vera hluti af h\u00f3pi og eiga samlei\u00f0 me\u00f0 honum'. \u00deetta or\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist \u00ed flj\u00f3tu brag\u00f0i vera r\u00e9tt mynda\u00f0. Vi\u00f0skeytinu -ing<\/em> er mj\u00f6g oft b\u00e6tt vi\u00f0 sagnir til a\u00f0 mynda nafnor\u00f0, svo sem breyta <\/em>\u2013 breyting<\/em>, byggja <\/em>\u2013 bygging<\/em>, \u00a0greina <\/em>\u2013 greining<\/em>, sk\u00fdra <\/em>\u2013 sk\u00fdring<\/em>, \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0a <\/em>\u2013 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ing <\/em>o.m.fl. Vi\u00f0skeyti\u00f0 -un<\/em> er reyndar mun oftar nota\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feessum tilgangi en \u00fea\u00f0 er hins vegar n\u00e6r eing\u00f6ngu bundi\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6r sagnir sem enda \u00e1 -a\u00f0i <\/em>\u00ed \u00fe\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0 \u2013 sem tilheyra <\/em>gerir ekki.<\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 er samt eitthva\u00f0 vi\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 tilheyring <\/em>sem truflar mig \u2013 hugsanlega bara \u00f3kunnugleiki, en svo g\u00e6ti l\u00edka veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 merking sagnarinnar tilheyra <\/em>skipti \u00fearna m\u00e1li. Sagnir sem -ing <\/em>er b\u00e6tt vi\u00f0 til a\u00f0 mynda nafnor\u00f0 l\u00fdsa yfirleitt einhverri ath\u00f6fn og nafnor\u00f0in sem um er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a t\u00e1kna yfirleitt verkna\u00f0, \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 gera eitthva\u00f0 (bygging h\u00fassins<\/em> t\u00f3k langan t\u00edma<\/em>, \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ing b\u00f3karinnar reyndist sn\u00fain<\/em>) en geta l\u00edka oft t\u00e1kna\u00f0 afur\u00f0 verkna\u00f0arins (\u00feetta er gl\u00e6sileg bygging<\/em>, \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingin er mj\u00f6g vond<\/em>) \u2013 stundum er \u00feetta a\u00f0almerking or\u00f0sins. En s\u00f6gnin tilheyra <\/em>l\u00fdsir ekki ath\u00f6fn heldur \u00e1standi. H\u00e9r m\u00e1 benda \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3tt til s\u00e9 (einkum \u00ed samsetningum) nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 h\u00e6fing <\/em>af s\u00f6gninni<\/a> h\u00e6fa <\/em>getur \u00fea\u00f0 ekki tengst \u00e1standsmerkingunni 'vera vi\u00f0eigandi, vi\u00f0 h\u00e6fi'.<\/p>\n

En \u00fea\u00f0 eru til fleiri lei\u00f0ir til a\u00f0 mynda nafnor\u00f0 af s\u00f6gn. \u00cd umr\u00e6\u00f0u var stungi\u00f0 upp \u00e1 or\u00f0inu tilheyrn<\/em>, en \u00fe\u00f3tt or\u00f0i\u00f0 heyrn <\/em>s\u00e9 vitanlega til finnst m\u00e9r \u00fea\u00f0 of tengt s\u00f6gninni heyra <\/em>\u00ed a\u00f0almerkingu<\/a> sinni, 'nema hlj\u00f3\u00f0 me\u00f0 eyrunum', til a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 henti \u00ed \u00feessari samsetningu. Hins vegar er til or\u00f0i\u00f0 tilheyrsla <\/em>sem kemur m.a. fyrir \u00ed T\u00edmariti l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0inga <\/em>1952 \u00fear sem segir: \u201eMe\u00f0 or\u00f0inu tilheyrsla er vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1tt, hver hafi eignarr\u00e9ttinn, beinan e\u00f0a \u00f3beinan, a\u00f0 ver\u00f0m\u00e6ti.\u201c Or\u00f0i\u00f0 kemur fyrir<\/a> \u00ed Vi\u00f0b\u00e6ti \u00cdslensk-danskrar or\u00f0ab\u00f3kar <\/em>fr\u00e1 1963 sem samsv\u00f6run vi\u00f0 tilh\u00f8rsforhold<\/em> en \u00fea\u00f0 er sk\u00fdrt<\/a> 'det at v\u00e6re knyttet til noget; det at v\u00e6re del af en gruppe' \u00ed Den Danske Ordbog<\/em>, sem er nokkurn veginn samhlj\u00f3\u00f0a sk\u00fdringunni \u00e1 tilheyring <\/em>\u00ed \u00cd\u00f0or\u00f0abankanum<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Vi\u00f0skeyti\u00f0 -sla<\/em> gegnir svipu\u00f0u hlutverki og -ing<\/em> og getur l\u00edka oft merkt b\u00e6\u00f0i verkna\u00f0 og afur\u00f0 verkna\u00f0arins \u2013 fr\u00e6\u00f0a <\/em>\u2013 fr\u00e6\u00f0sla<\/em>,\u00a0 kenna <\/em>\u2013 kennsla<\/em>, vinna <\/em>\u2013 vinnsla<\/em> o.fl. \u2013 stundum v\u00edsar \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0eins til afur\u00f0arinnar, eins og reynsla<\/em> og sk\u00fdrsla<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 tengist svipu\u00f0um s\u00f6gnum og -ing<\/em> og nokkur d\u00e6mi eru um a\u00f0 b\u00e6\u00f0i vi\u00f0skeytin tengist s\u00f6mu s\u00f6gnum \u2013 stundum \u00ed s\u00f6mu merkingu eins og hersla <\/em>og her\u00f0ing<\/em> af her\u00f0a<\/em>, en oftar \u00fe\u00f3 \u00ed mismunandi merkingu eins og ey\u00f0sla <\/em>og ey\u00f0ing<\/em> af ey\u00f0a<\/em>, sk\u00fdrsla <\/em>og sk\u00fdring <\/em>af sk\u00fdra<\/em>. \u00c9g hef ekki \u00fe\u00e1 tilfinningu a\u00f0 nafnor\u00f0 me\u00f0 -sla<\/em> \u00feurfi endilega a\u00f0 l\u00fdsa verkna\u00f0i e\u00f0a afur\u00f0 verkna\u00f0ar, og m\u00e9r finnst \u00fev\u00ed tilheyrsla <\/em>mun betra or\u00f0 en tilheyring<\/em>. Vitanlega er -heyrsla <\/em>l\u00edka til \u00ed m\u00e1linu, \u00ed samsetningunum b\u00e6nheyrsla <\/em>og yfirheyrsla<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Hitt er svo anna\u00f0 m\u00e1l, sem nefnt var \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0u um \u00feetta, a\u00f0 ekki er alltaf \u00fe\u00f6rf \u00e1 e\u00f0a \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 b\u00faa til \u00edslenskt nafnor\u00f0 til a\u00f0 samsvara tilteknu nafnor\u00f0i \u00ed erlendu m\u00e1li, oftast ensku \u2013 oft er l\u00edka h\u00e6gt, og fer betur, a\u00f0 umor\u00f0a textann. Vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum s\u00f6gnina tilheyra <\/em>og oft er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 nota samband me\u00f0 henni \u2013 \u00ed sta\u00f0inn fyrir \u201eeignartilfinning \u00feeirra og tilheyring eykst\u201c eins og stendur \u00ed n\u00fdlegri meistararitger\u00f0 m\u00e6tti segja tilfinning \u00feeirra fyrir eign og a\u00f0 tilheyra h\u00f3p eykst<\/em> e\u00f0a eitthva\u00f0 sl\u00edkt. \u00de\u00f3 er \u00feess a\u00f0 g\u00e6ta a\u00f0 tilheyring <\/em>\/ tilheyrsla<\/em> er fremur \u00ed\u00f0or\u00f0 en hluti af almennu m\u00e1li og \u00feess vegna getur n\u00e1kv\u00e6m samsv\u00f6run skipt meira m\u00e1li en ella. En hva\u00f0 sem \u00feessu l\u00ed\u00f0ur s\u00fdnir \u00feetta a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er a\u00f0 \u00fdmsu a\u00f0 hyggja \u00feegar sm\u00ed\u00f0u\u00f0 eru n\u00fd \u00ed\u00f0or\u00f0.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cd dag var spurt \u00ed \u201eM\u00e1lspjalli\u201c um nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 tilheyring sem fyrirspyrjandi haf\u00f0i rekist \u00e1 sem \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu \u00e1 belonging \u00e1 ensku. \u00cd umr\u00e6\u00f0um var bent \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00feetta or\u00f0 er gefi\u00f0 sem samheiti sagnarinnar tilheyra \u00ed or\u00f0asafninun \u201eMenntunarfr\u00e6\u00f0i\u201c \u00ed \u00cd\u00f0or\u00f0abankanum og skilgreint 'S\u00fa tilfinning einstaklings a\u00f0 vera hluti af h\u00f3pi og eiga samlei\u00f0 me\u00f0 honum'. \u00deetta […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7290","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7290","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7290"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7290\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7292,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7290\/revisions\/7292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7290"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7290"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7290"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}