{"id":7293,"date":"2025-05-07T17:03:03","date_gmt":"2025-05-07T17:03:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=7293"},"modified":"2025-05-07T17:03:03","modified_gmt":"2025-05-07T17:03:03","slug":"af-handlognum-monnum-eda-handlaegnum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2025\/05\/07\/af-handlognum-monnum-eda-handlaegnum\/","title":{"rendered":"Af handl\u00f6gnum m\u00f6nnum \u2013 e\u00f0a handl\u00e6gnum"},"content":{"rendered":"

Flestum er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 \u00fear sem stafasamb\u00f6ndin gi <\/em>og gj<\/em> koma fyrir \u00ed ritu\u00f0u m\u00e1li er yfirleitt ekki bori\u00f0 fram einhlj\u00f3\u00f0 heldur tv\u00edhlj\u00f3\u00f0. \u00deannig er or\u00f0i\u00f0 hagi <\/em>bori\u00f0 fram eins og \u00fea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri skrifa\u00f0 h\u00e6ji<\/em>, (\u00e9g<\/em>) segi <\/em>er bori\u00f0 fram eins og skrifa\u00f0 v\u00e6ri seiji<\/em>, l\u00f6gin <\/em>er bori\u00f0 fram eins og skrifa\u00f0 v\u00e6ri laujin<\/em>, o.s.frv. Einhlj\u00f3\u00f0i\u00f0 er \u00fearna upprunalegt eins og stafsetningin bendir til en tv\u00edhlj\u00f3\u00f0unin er margra alda g\u00f6mul hlj\u00f3\u00f0breyting sem \u00fe\u00f3 hefur ekki n\u00e1\u00f0 til alveg allra m\u00e1lnotenda \u2013 enn er nokkurt l\u00edf \u00ed hinum svokalla\u00f0a skaftfellska einhlj\u00f3\u00f0aframbur\u00f0i \u00fear sem bori\u00f0 er fram langt einhlj\u00f3\u00f0 \u00ed or\u00f0um af \u00feessu tagi. \u00dea\u00f0 er einfalt a\u00f0 gera grein fyrir \u00fev\u00ed hlj\u00f3\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ilega umhverfi \u00fear sem tv\u00edhlj\u00f3\u00f0unin var\u00f0, en m\u00e1li\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00f3 fl\u00f3knara en vir\u00f0ist \u00ed flj\u00f3tu brag\u00f0i.<\/p>\n

Stundum ver\u00f0ur tv\u00edhlj\u00f3\u00f0un nefnilega \u00ed hlj\u00f3\u00f0umhverfi \u00fear sem h\u00fan hef\u00f0i ekki \u00e1tt a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a. \u00de\u00e1 er um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a \u00e1hrifsbreytingu fr\u00e1 skyldum or\u00f0myndum \u00fear sem tv\u00edhlj\u00f3\u00f0unin er hlj\u00f3\u00f0r\u00e9tt. \u00dea\u00f0 er h\u00fan t.d. \u00ed m\u00f6rgum myndum sagnarinnar segja <\/em>\u2013 (\u00e9g<\/em>) segi<\/em> (seiji<\/em>), (\u00fe\u00fa<\/em>) segir<\/em> (seijir<\/em>), (vi\u00f0<\/em>) segjum<\/em> (seijum<\/em>), (\u00feau<\/em>) segja <\/em>(seija<\/em>) o.s.frv. Hins vegar \u00e6tti ekki a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a tv\u00edhlj\u00f3\u00f0un \u00ed bo\u00f0h\u00e6ttinum seg\u00f0u <\/em>\u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fear fer \u00f0<\/em> \u00e1 eftir g <\/em>en hvorki i <\/em>n\u00e9 j<\/em> \u2013 en samt sem \u00e1\u00f0ur er seig\u00f0u<\/em> hinn venjulegi frambur\u00f0ur. Sama er a\u00f0 segja um l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0i\u00f0 feginn <\/em>\u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 er hlj\u00f3\u00f0r\u00e9tt bori\u00f0 fram feijinn<\/em> en fleirtalan fegnir <\/em>er l\u00edka borin fram me\u00f0 ei <\/em>\u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fear fari n <\/em>\u00e1 eftir g <\/em>en hvorki i <\/em>n\u00e9 j<\/em>. \u00cd spegill <\/em>er hlj\u00f3\u00f0r\u00e9ttur frambur\u00f0ur speigill<\/em> en ei <\/em>er l\u00edka bori\u00f0 fram \u00ed spegli<\/em>, speglar<\/em> o.s.frv.<\/p>\n

L\u00fdsingaror\u00f0i\u00f0 laginn <\/em>er hlj\u00f3\u00f0r\u00e9tt bori\u00f0 fram l\u00e6jinn<\/em>, en mj\u00f6g algengt er a\u00f0 tv\u00edhlj\u00f3\u00f0un ver\u00f0i einnig \u00e1 undan n <\/em>\u00ed afleidda nafnor\u00f0inu lagni<\/em> og \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 bori\u00f0 fram l\u00e6gni<\/em>. \u00cd Fj\u00f6lni <\/em>1835 segir t.d.: \u201e\u00e9g \u00f3ska\u00f0i m\u00e9r allrar l\u00e6gni sem til er.\u201c \u00cd N\u00fdjum f\u00e9lagsritum <\/em>1851 segir: \u201ea\u00f0 l\u00e6knar velji \u00fe\u00e1 er h\u00e6fir eru til \u00feess, b\u00e6\u00f0i a\u00f0 vitsmunum og handl\u00e6gni.\u201c En sn\u00fanara er a\u00f0 \u00e1tta sig \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hvernig vi\u00f0 f\u00f6rum me\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 laginn <\/em>og samsetningar af \u00fev\u00ed. Hlj\u00f3\u00f0r\u00e9tt \u00e6tti tv\u00edhlj\u00f3\u00f0un eing\u00f6ngu a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a \u00ed myndunum laginn<\/em>, lagin<\/em>, lagi\u00f0<\/em>, lagins<\/em>, laginnar <\/em>og laginna<\/em>. \u00cd \u00f6\u00f0rum myndum, svo sem lagnir<\/em>, lagna<\/em>, lagnar<\/em>, \u00e6tti hlj\u00f3\u00f0r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 bera fram a<\/em> \u2013 nema \u00fear sem beygingarendingin hefst \u00e1 u<\/em>. \u00dear \u00e6tti a\u00f0 vera u<\/em>-hlj\u00f3\u00f0varp og \u00f6 <\/em>koma \u00ed sta\u00f0 a<\/em>, eins og \u00ed l\u00f6gnum<\/em> og l\u00f6gnu<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Vandinn er s\u00e1 a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum ekkert nema rita\u00f0a texta til a\u00f0 \u00e1tta okkur \u00e1 frambur\u00f0i or\u00f0a \u00e1\u00f0ur fyrr, og vitanlega er h\u00fan villandi \u00ed \u00feessu tilviki \u00fear sem vi\u00f0 skrifum einhlj\u00f3\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3tt vi\u00f0 berum fram tv\u00edhlj\u00f3\u00f0. En talsvert m\u00e1 \u00fe\u00f3 finna af d\u00e6mum fr\u00e1 \u00fdmsum t\u00edmum sem benda til tv\u00edhlj\u00f3\u00f0sframbur\u00f0ar \u00fear sem hann er ekki hlj\u00f3\u00f0r\u00e9ttur. \u00cd Nor\u00f0anfara <\/em>1885 segir: \u201eMenn hafa lengi veri\u00f0 l\u00edtt l\u00e6gnir til a\u00f0 setja sig inn \u00ed hugsunarh\u00e1tt kvenna.\u201c \u00cd \u00c6gi <\/em>1915 segir: \u201e\u00deeir \u00feykja l\u00e6gnir fiskimenn.\u201c \u00cd Nor\u00f0urlandi <\/em>1907 segir: \u201e\u00de\u00e6r voru b\u00e6\u00f0i l\u00e6gnar og einbeittar a\u00f0 koma \u00e1r sinni fyrir bor\u00f0.\u201c \u00cd Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1930 segir: \u201eNokkrar handflj\u00f3tar og l\u00e6gnar st\u00falkur \u00f3skast \u00ed vinnu.\u201c \u00cd \u00cdslendingi <\/em>1918 segir: \u201eSkr\u00e6lingjar \u00feessir eru \u00feolg\u00f3\u00f0ir og l\u00e6gnir til vinnu.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 sem er forvitnilegast \u00ed \u00feessu eru \u00fe\u00e6r beygingarmyndir sem \u00e6ttu hlj\u00f3\u00f0r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 hafa \u00f6<\/em> \u2013 mynda eins og l\u00f6gnu<\/em>(m<\/em>), handl\u00f6gnu<\/em>(m<\/em>), feitl\u00f6gnu<\/em>(m<\/em>) o.fl. \u00dea\u00f0 er vissulega langalgengast a\u00f0 \u00feessar myndir s\u00e9u skrifa\u00f0ar me\u00f0 \u00f6<\/em>, en \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is <\/em>m\u00e1 l\u00edka finna t\u00f6luvert af d\u00e6mum me\u00f0 a <\/em>og \u00e6 <\/em>\u2013 la<\/strong>gnu<\/em>(m<\/em>), handla<\/strong>gnu<\/em>(m<\/em>), feitla<\/strong>gnu<\/em>(m<\/em>) og l\u00e6<\/strong>gnu<\/em>(m<\/em>), handl\u00e6<\/strong>gnu<\/em>(m<\/em>), feitl\u00e6<\/strong>gnu<\/em>(m<\/em>). \u00deessar myndir hlj\u00f3ta allar a\u00f0 s\u00fdna frambur\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00e6<\/em>, l\u00edka \u00fe\u00e6r sem eru skrifa\u00f0ar me\u00f0 a<\/em>, \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 frambur\u00f0ur me\u00f0 a <\/em>\u00e1 undan u <\/em>\u00ed endingu er \u00fatiloka\u00f0ur \u00ed \u00edslensku hlj\u00f3\u00f0kerfi. \u00deetta s\u00fdnir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 einhver d\u00e6mi eru um a\u00f0 \u00ed huga m\u00e1lnotenda s\u00e9u \u00feessi or\u00f0 \u00ed raun me\u00f0 \u00e6<\/em> \u00ed stofni en ekki a<\/em> \u2013 \u00e6 <\/em>tekur ekki u<\/em>-hlj\u00f3\u00f0varpi og helst \u00feess vegna \u00fe\u00f3tt beygingarendingin hefjist \u00e1 u<\/em>.<\/p>\n

En eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur segir gefur rith\u00e1ttur litlar e\u00f0a villandi uppl\u00fdsingar um frambur\u00f0 \u00feessara mynda. \u00c9g er nokku\u00f0 viss um a\u00f0 myndir eins og lagnir<\/em> og lagnar<\/em> eru oft \u2013 jafnvel oftast \u2013 bornar fram me\u00f0 \u00e6<\/em>, en er \u00ed vafa um frambur\u00f0 mynda \u00fear sem \u00f6<\/em> er skrifa\u00f0, b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed m\u00ednu eigin m\u00e1li og annarra. M\u00e9r finnst \u00fe\u00e6r einhvern veginn ekki hlj\u00f3ma alveg e\u00f0lilega me\u00f0 \u00f6 <\/em>og g\u00e6ti alveg eins hugsa\u00f0 m\u00e9r frambur\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00e6<\/em> \u00fe\u00f3tt m\u00e9r finnist hann eitthva\u00f0 skr\u00edtinn l\u00edka. Jafnvel fyndist m\u00e9r frambur\u00f0urinn (hand<\/em>)laugnum<\/em> me\u00f0 au<\/em> ekki alveg fr\u00e1leitur enda tv\u00edhlj\u00f3\u00f0ast \u00f6<\/em> stundum \u00ed au<\/em>, eins og \u00ed l\u00f6g <\/em>\u2013 l\u00f6gin<\/em>, og \u00feau v\u00edxl g\u00e6tu hugsanlega haft \u00feau \u00e1hrif a\u00f0 m\u00e1lnotendum fyndist eiga a\u00f0 vera au<\/em> \u00fearna. Um \u00fea\u00f0 finnast \u00fe\u00f3 engin d\u00e6mi \u00ed ritu\u00f0u m\u00e1li enda varla vi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 b\u00faast.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Flestum er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 \u00fear sem stafasamb\u00f6ndin gi og gj koma fyrir \u00ed ritu\u00f0u m\u00e1li er yfirleitt ekki bori\u00f0 fram einhlj\u00f3\u00f0 heldur tv\u00edhlj\u00f3\u00f0. \u00deannig er or\u00f0i\u00f0 hagi bori\u00f0 fram eins og \u00fea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri skrifa\u00f0 h\u00e6ji, (\u00e9g) segi er bori\u00f0 fram eins og skrifa\u00f0 v\u00e6ri seiji, l\u00f6gin er bori\u00f0 fram eins og skrifa\u00f0 v\u00e6ri laujin, o.s.frv. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7293","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7293","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7293"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7293\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7294,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7293\/revisions\/7294"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7293"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7293"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7293"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}