{"id":7343,"date":"2025-05-28T09:59:24","date_gmt":"2025-05-28T09:59:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=7343"},"modified":"2025-05-28T13:39:54","modified_gmt":"2025-05-28T13:39:54","slug":"thjodarmord","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2025\/05\/28\/thjodarmord\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>F\u00e1 or\u00f0 eru meira \u00e1berandi \u00ed almennri umr\u00e6\u00f0u \u00feessa dagana en <em>\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0<\/em> en stundum vir\u00f0ist g\u00e6ta nokkurs misskilnings um merkingu \u00feess og notkun. \u00cd <em>\u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>er \u00fea\u00f0 <a href=\"https:\/\/islenskordabok.arnastofnun.is\/ord\/55184\">sk\u00fdrt<\/a> 'markviss \u00fatr\u00fdming \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ar'. \u00c1 vef <em>UNRIC<\/em>, Uppl\u00fdsingaskrifstofu Sameinu\u00f0u \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0anna fyrir Vestur-Evr\u00f3pu, <a href=\"https:\/\/unric.org\/is\/ad-hindra-thjodarmord\/\">segir<\/a>: \u201eP\u00f3lski l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0ingurinn Raph\u00e4el Lemkin bj\u00f3 til hugtaki\u00f0 \u201c\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0\u201d (genocide) \u00e1ri\u00f0 1944. Lemkin reyndi me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 finna or\u00f0 yfir Helf\u00f6rina. Einnig vildi hann l\u00fdsa \u00feeim verkna\u00f0i \u00feegar heilum \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0um, kyn\u00fe\u00e1ttum og tr\u00faarh\u00f3pum haf\u00f0i veri\u00f0 \u00fatr\u00fdmt. [\u2026] \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0 var \u00ed fyrsta skipti skr\u00e1\u00f0 sem s\u00e9rstakur gl\u00e6pur samkv\u00e6mt al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0al\u00f6gum \u00ed S\u00e1ttm\u00e1lanum um \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0 \u00e1ri\u00f0 1948 en hann gekk \u00ed gildi \u00e1ri\u00f0 1951.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>\u00dea\u00f0 sem \u00fearna segir um uppruna <strong>hugtaksins <\/strong>og enska or\u00f0sins <em>genocide <\/em>er \u00e1n efa r\u00e9tt en \u00fea\u00f0 er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 halda \u00fev\u00ed til haga a\u00f0 \u00edslenska or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0 <\/em>er ekki tilkomi\u00f0 sem \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ing \u00e1 enska or\u00f0inu, heldur er h\u00e1lfri \u00f6ld eldra. Elsta d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 er \u00ed <em>\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0viljanum unga <\/em>1897, \u00fear sem segir: \u201e\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 ekki, og m\u00e1 ekki, fremur en mannsmor\u00f0i\u00f0 haldast \u00f3hegnt.\u201c \u00dearna er or\u00f0i\u00f0 nota\u00f0 \u00ed \u00f3eiginlegri merkingu um \u00fea\u00f0 ath\u00e6fi stj\u00f3rnvalda \u201ea\u00f0 sm\u00e1-p\u00edna kjarkinn og l\u00edfs\u00fereki\u00f0 \u00far \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 sinni me\u00f0 gj\u00f6rr\u00e6\u00f0isfullri misbr\u00fakun stj\u00f3rnar- og emb\u00e6ttis-valdsins\u201c, en \u00ed <em>\u00cdsafold <\/em>1919 er or\u00f0i\u00f0 nota\u00f0 \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmamerkingu: \u201eEr \u00fear fyrst <em>Armen\u00eda<\/em>, \u00feetta margk\u00faga\u00f0a og hrj\u00e1\u00f0a land, sem hefir sta\u00f0i\u00f0 hinar m\u00f6rgu \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0stilraunir Tyrkja og \u00f3tr\u00falega grimd.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>F\u00e1ein d\u00e6mi eru um or\u00f0i\u00f0 fram til 1945, en elsta d\u00e6mi um a\u00f0 <em>\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0 <\/em>s\u00e9 nota\u00f0 um skipulega \u00fatr\u00fdmingu Gy\u00f0inga \u00ed \u00de\u00fdskalandi \u00ed seinni heimsstyrj\u00f6ldinni er \u00ed <em>\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0viljanum <\/em>1955 \u00fear sem fjalla\u00f0 er um ath\u00e6fi Breta \u00ed Ken\u00fda: \u201e\u00dear er veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 framkv\u00e6ma sams konar \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0 eins og str\u00ed\u00f0sgl\u00e6pamenn nazista voru d\u00e6mdir fyrir \u00ed N\u00fcrnberg fyrir n\u00edu \u00e1rum.\u201c S\u00ed\u00f0an hefur \u00fea\u00f0 veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0 um \u00fdmis vo\u00f0averk sem sum hver yr\u00f0u \u00fe\u00f3 varla k\u00f6llu\u00f0 <em>\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0 <\/em>n\u00fa \u2013 \u00e1 s\u00ednum t\u00edma t\u00f6lu\u00f0u \u00edslensk bl\u00f6\u00f0 t.d. i\u00f0ulega um \u201e\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0 \u00e1 Ungverjum\u201c \u00ed uppreisninni \u00e1ri\u00f0 1956 en \u00fear er <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956\">tali\u00f0<\/a> a\u00f0 2500-3000 manns hafi falli\u00f0. \u00cd seinni t\u00ed\u00f0 er \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed R\u00faanda \u00e1ri\u00f0 1994 \u00feekktast en \u00fea\u00f0 var sannarlega \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0 samkv\u00e6mt \u00f6llum vi\u00f0mi\u00f0um \u2013 meira en <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rwandan_genocide\">h\u00e1lf millj\u00f3n<\/a> drepin.<\/p>\n<p>Stundum er deilt um hvort r\u00e9ttl\u00e6tanlegt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 nota or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0 <\/em>um \u00fea\u00f0 sem er a\u00f0 gerast \u00e1 Gaza \u2013 t.d. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.visir.is\/g\/20252670402d\/hugtakid-thjodarmord-se-lagataeknileg-skilgreining\">sag\u00f0i<\/a> utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herra um \u00e1ram\u00f3tin: \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 er bara lagat\u00e6knileg skilgreining \u00e1 al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0av\u00edsu sem \u00fe\u00fa \u00fearft a\u00f0 falla undir. \u00c9g veit bara ekki hvort \u00fea\u00f0 falli undir.\u201c En r\u00e1\u00f0herrann sag\u00f0i jafnframt: \u201eef a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0 er \u00fea\u00f0 til \u00feess a\u00f0 l\u00fdsa yfir hryllilegum a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um, gr\u00ed\u00f0arlegu ofbeldi \u00fe\u00e1 getur f\u00f3lk tala\u00f0 um a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0.\u201c \u00deetta er lykilatri\u00f0i. \u00cd \u00edslenskum l\u00f6gum er or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0 <\/em>ekki nota\u00f0, heldur <em>h\u00f3pmor\u00f0<\/em>. Um \u00feau er <a href=\"https:\/\/www.althingi.is\/lagas\/nuna\/2018144.html\">fjalla\u00f0<\/a> \u00ed l\u00f6gum nr. 2018, \u00fear sem skilgreindir eru \u00feeir verkna\u00f0ir sem \u201eteljast h\u00f3pmor\u00f0 \u00feegar \u00feeir eru framdir \u00ed \u00feeim tilgangi a\u00f0 \u00fatr\u00fdma me\u00f0 \u00f6llu e\u00f0a a\u00f0 hluta \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0, \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernish\u00f3pi, kynstofni e\u00f0a tr\u00faflokki sem sl\u00edkum\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0 <\/em>er \u00edslenskt or\u00f0 sem vi\u00f0 getum nota\u00f0 ef okkur finnst \u00fea\u00f0 eiga vi\u00f0, \u00f3h\u00e1\u00f0 lagat\u00e6knilegri skilgreiningu \u2013 or\u00f0i\u00f0 kemur nefnilega ekki fyrir \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0al\u00f6gum \u00fe\u00f3tt or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>genocide <\/em>geri \u00fea\u00f0, og <em>\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0 <\/em>er ekki s\u00fa samsv\u00f6run vi\u00f0 <em>genocide<\/em> sem notu\u00f0 er \u00ed \u00edslenskum l\u00f6gum. \u00deess vegna \u00feurfum vi\u00f0 ekkert a\u00f0 hika vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 nota or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0 <\/em>uns Al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ad\u00f3mst\u00f3linn \u00farskur\u00f0ar um lagat\u00e6knilega skilgreiningu \u00feess sem er a\u00f0 gerast \u00e1 Gaza. \u00deetta er d\u00e6mi um a\u00f0 mikilv\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 gera mun \u00e1 \u00edslenskum or\u00f0um og erlendum \u2013 \u00e1tta sig \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00edslensku or\u00f0in eiga s\u00e9r sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6tt l\u00edf og gefa s\u00e9r ekki hugsunarlaust a\u00f0 tilteki\u00f0 \u00edslenskt or\u00f0 l\u00fati \u00feeim takm\u00f6rkunum sem kunna a\u00f0 vera \u00e1 notkun erlends or\u00f0s sem v\u00edsar til sama hugtaks.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>F\u00e1 or\u00f0 eru meira \u00e1berandi \u00ed almennri umr\u00e6\u00f0u \u00feessa dagana en \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0 en stundum vir\u00f0ist g\u00e6ta nokkurs misskilnings um merkingu \u00feess og notkun. \u00cd \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k er \u00fea\u00f0 sk\u00fdrt 'markviss \u00fatr\u00fdming \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ar'. \u00c1 vef UNRIC, Uppl\u00fdsingaskrifstofu Sameinu\u00f0u \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0anna fyrir Vestur-Evr\u00f3pu, segir: \u201eP\u00f3lski l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0ingurinn Raph\u00e4el Lemkin bj\u00f3 til hugtaki\u00f0 \u201c\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0\u201d (genocide) \u00e1ri\u00f0 1944. Lemkin reyndi me\u00f0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7343","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7343","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7343"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7343\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7345,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7343\/revisions\/7345"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7343"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7343"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7343"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}