{"id":7378,"date":"2025-06-12T09:18:11","date_gmt":"2025-06-12T09:18:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=7378"},"modified":"2025-06-12T09:18:11","modified_gmt":"2025-06-12T09:18:11","slug":"spartsla-sportslur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2025\/06\/12\/spartsla-sportslur\/","title":{"rendered":"Spa(r)(t)(s)l(a) \u2013 spo(r)(t)(s)lur"},"content":{"rendered":"

Rith\u00e1ttur sagnar sem merkir<\/a> 'fylla upp \u00ed g\u00f6t og misfellur \u00ed veggjum me\u00f0 s\u00e9rst\u00f6ku fylliefni' og samsvarandi nafnor\u00f0s sem merkir<\/a> 'efni sem nota\u00f0 er sem fylling \u00ed g\u00f6t og misfellur \u00e1\u00f0ur en m\u00e1la\u00f0 er e\u00f0a lakka\u00f0' hefur veri\u00f0 nokku\u00f0 \u00e1 reiki. \u00cd M\u00e1lfarsbankanum <\/em>segir<\/a>: \u201eRita skal sparsl<\/strong> og sparsla<\/strong> \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 \u00feann frambur\u00f0 sem h\u00e9r t\u00ed\u00f0kast (sbr. \u00e1lyktun \u00cdslenskrar m\u00e1lnefndar).\u201c S\u00fa \u00e1lyktun er fr\u00e1 1984 en fram a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed haf\u00f0i rith\u00e1tturinn spartl <\/em>og spartla <\/em>veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0ur \u00ed \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>sem var \u00e1 \u00feeim t\u00edma \u2013 og lengi s\u00ed\u00f0ar \u2013 \u00edgildi stafsetningaror\u00f0ab\u00f3kar. \u00cdslensk m\u00e1lnefnd benti hins vegar \u00e1 a\u00f0 s\u00e1 rith\u00e1ttur samr\u00e6mdist ekki frambur\u00f0i fagmanna og hefur v\u00e6ntanlega tali\u00f0 a\u00f0 sparsl <\/em>og sparsla <\/em>ger\u00f0i \u00fea\u00f0 betur, \u00fe\u00f3tt rith\u00e1tturinn spasl <\/em>s\u00e9 einnig nefndur \u00ed \u00e1lyktuninni.<\/p>\n

Myndir me\u00f0 -rtl- <\/em>vir\u00f0ast vera eldri, enda liggur a\u00f0 baki danska s\u00f6gnin spartle <\/em>sem er leidd af nafnor\u00f0inu spartel <\/em>sem merkir 'k\u00edttisspa\u00f0i' eins og kemur fram<\/a> \u00ed \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0sifjab\u00f3k<\/em>. Elsta d\u00e6mi um spartl <\/em>er \u00ed augl\u00fdsingu \u00ed B\u00e6jarskr\u00e1 Reykjav\u00edkur <\/em>1929: \u201ePenslar, sandpapp\u00edr, spartl og fleiri sl\u00edkar v\u00f6rur.\u201c \u00cd augl\u00fdsingu \u00ed T\u00edmanum <\/em>1930 segir: \u201eAllskonar \u00e1h\u00f6ld fyrir m\u00e1lningari\u00f0n, t.d. Penslar. Spartlar. Sandpapp\u00edr. Kork.\u201c \u00dearna er spartlar <\/em>greinilega \u00ed s\u00f6mu merkingu og spartel<\/em> \u00ed d\u00f6nsku, \u00fe.e. 'k\u00edttisspa\u00f0i', en \u00fea\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist einsd\u00e6mi \u2013 or\u00f0i\u00f0 spartlspa\u00f0i <\/em>kemur fyrir sama \u00e1r og oft s\u00ed\u00f0ar \u00ed \u00feessari merkingu. S\u00f6gnin spartla <\/em>kemur fyrst fyrir \u00ed Speglinum <\/em>1935: \u201e\u00fe\u00f3 er rjettara a\u00f0 nota zinkhv\u00edtu en bl\u00fdhv\u00edtu, og spartla hana nokkurnveginn jafnt yfir allt andliti\u00f0.\u201c<\/p>\n

Myndir me\u00f0 -rsl- <\/em>vir\u00f0ast vera t\u00edu til fimmt\u00e1n \u00e1rum yngri. Nafnor\u00f0smyndin sparsl <\/em>kemur fyrst fyrir \u00ed augl\u00fdsingu \u00ed Frj\u00e1lsri verslun <\/em>1944: \u201eL\u00f6kk, \u00feynnir, undirm\u00e1lning, sparsl, sl\u00edpimassi, sandpapp\u00edr o.fl.\u201c Elsta d\u00e6mi um sagnmyndina sparsla <\/em>er \u00ed \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0viljanum <\/em>1945: \u201e\u00fear sem hann var a\u00f0 sparsla sk\u00e1pinn sinn.\u201c S\u00ed\u00f0an hafa \u00feessar myndir veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0ar nokku\u00f0 j\u00f6fnum h\u00f6ndum og ver\u00f0ur ekki s\u00e9\u00f0 a\u00f0 dregi\u00f0 hafi \u00far t\u00ed\u00f0ni mynda me\u00f0 -rtl- <\/em>vi\u00f0 \u00e1lyktun \u00cdslenskrar m\u00e1lnefndar. \u00deetta vir\u00f0ist \u00fe\u00f3 vera a\u00f0 breytast \u2013 \u00ed Risam\u00e1lheildinni <\/em>eru myndir me\u00f0 -rsl- <\/em>n\u00e6rri \u00ferisvar sinnum algengari en myndir me\u00f0 -rtl-<\/em>. En \u00feri\u00f0ja ritmyndin, sem reyndar er nefnd \u00ed \u00e1lyktun \u00cdslenskrar m\u00e1lnefndar eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur segir, er a\u00f0eins me\u00f0 -sl- <\/em>en hvorki t <\/em>n\u00e9 s \u2013<\/em> spasl <\/em>og spasla<\/em>.<\/p>\n

D\u00e6mi um \u00feessar myndir \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is <\/em>eru ekki \u00fdkja m\u00f6rg, en \u00ed Risam\u00e1lheildinni <\/em>eru \u00fe\u00e6r r\u00famlega h\u00e1lfdr\u00e6ttingur \u00e1 vi\u00f0 -rtl-<\/em>myndir \u2013 flest d\u00e6min af samf\u00e9lagsmi\u00f0lum. Nafnor\u00f0smyndin spasl <\/em>kemur fyrst fyrir \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1953: \u201eBifrei\u00f0al\u00f6kk, grunnur, spasl og \u00feynnir n\u00fdkomi\u00f0.\u201c Sagnmyndin spasla <\/em>s\u00e9st fyrst \u00ed Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ubla\u00f0inu <\/em>1961: \u201eHann gat lagf\u00e6rt dyrnar, [\u2026] k\u00edtta\u00f0 og spasla\u00f0 \u00feannig a\u00f0 allt var til \u00feegar m\u00e9r \u00fe\u00f3kna\u00f0ist a\u00f0 byrja me\u00f0 pensilinn.\u201c \u00dea\u00f0 eru l\u00edka d\u00e6mi um a\u00f0 -rtl- <\/em>og -rsl- <\/em>s\u00e9 blanda\u00f0 saman \u2013 \u201eD\u00f6murei\u00f0hj\u00f3l og b\u00edlaspartsl til s\u00f6lu\u201c segir \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1948; \u201e\u00fe\u00f3tt spartsla\u00f0 s\u00e9 og m\u00e1la\u00f0 yfir sprungur innanh\u00fass, koma \u00fe\u00e6r \u00ed lj\u00f3s aftur, er fr\u00e1 l\u00ed\u00f0ur\u201c segir \u00ed Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ubla\u00f0inu <\/em>1953. St\u00f6ku sinnum voru or\u00f0in ritu\u00f0 sparzl <\/em>og sparzla<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Anna\u00f0 t\u00f6kuor\u00f0 \u00fear sem klasinn -rtl- <\/em>er upprunalegur er sporsla <\/em>sem sk\u00fdrt<\/a> er 'sm\u00e1aukastarf, bitlingur' \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>og langoftast haft \u00ed fleirt\u00f6lu, sporslur<\/em>. Samkv\u00e6mt<\/a> \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0sifjab\u00f3k <\/em>er \u00fea\u00f0 t\u00f6kuor\u00f0 \u00far sportel <\/em>\u00ed d\u00f6nsku sem hefur s\u00f6mu merkingu, og er einnig til \u00ed myndinni sportla<\/em>\/sportlur<\/em>. S\u00fa mynd vir\u00f0ist alltaf hafa veri\u00f0 sjaldg\u00e6f og er l\u00edklega horfin \u00far m\u00e1linu en \u00f6rf\u00e1 d\u00e6mi eru \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is<\/em>, \u00fea\u00f0 elsta \u00far br\u00e9fi Matth\u00edasar Jochumssonar fr\u00e1 1888 \u00ed Sk\u00edrni <\/em>1972: \u201ehef\u00f0i jeg ekki drj\u00faga kennslu og nokkrar fleiri sportlur v\u00e6ri ekki heldur h\u00e9r vi\u00f0 v\u00e6rt.\u201c \u00d6ll d\u00e6min um \u00feessa mynd eru g\u00f6mul nema \u00ferj\u00fa d\u00e6mi \u00far Helgarp\u00f3stinum <\/em>1995, m.a.: \u201eEr menntam\u00e1lar\u00e1\u00f0herra kannske \u00e1 sportlum hj\u00e1 R\u00edkis\u00fatvarpinu \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 nokkur viti af \u00fev\u00ed?\u201c<\/p>\n

Myndin sporslur <\/em>er yngri, elsta d\u00e6mi \u00ed Freyju <\/em>1907: \u201eHann segir \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 fyrir sig a\u00f0 betla fyrir eldivi\u00f0 og a\u00f0rar sm\u00e1 sporslur handa kyrkjunni.\u201c S\u00fa mynd er mj\u00f6g algeng, en or\u00f0i\u00f0 var \u00fe\u00f3 merkt me\u00f0 spurningarmerki sem \u201evont m\u00e1l\u201c \u00ed fyrri \u00fatg\u00e1fum \u00cdslenskrar or\u00f0ab\u00f3kar<\/em>. Eins og vi\u00f0 er a\u00f0 b\u00faast er myndin sposlur<\/em> einnig til og nokku\u00f0 algeng, elsta d\u00e6mi \u00ed Stormi <\/em>1930: \u201eHinsvegar munu fleiri en \u00e1\u00f0ur hafa sposlur g\u00f3\u00f0ar.\u201c Myndinni sportslur <\/em>breg\u00f0ur einnig fyrir, og nokkur d\u00e6mi eru um sporzlur<\/em>, \u00fea\u00f0 elsta \u00ed Heimskringlu <\/em>1914: \u201eEn svo eru einhverjar sm\u00e1 sporzlur, sem Ameerinn ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 leggja til r\u00fassnesku l\u00f6greglunnar.\u201c \u00dea\u00f0 eru \u00fev\u00ed \u00f6ll s\u00f6mu tilbrig\u00f0i \u00ed or\u00f0inu sporsla <\/em>og \u00ed or\u00f0unum sparsl <\/em>og sparsla<\/em>, og \u00ed b\u00e1\u00f0um tilvikum vir\u00f0ist \u00fer\u00f3unin l\u00edka vera hin sama.<\/p>\n

Elstu d\u00e6min eru me\u00f0 -rtl- <\/em>eins og d\u00f6nsku fyrirmyndirnar, -rsl- <\/em>kemur nokkru s\u00ed\u00f0ar, \u00fear \u00e1 eftir -rtsl- <\/em>(og -rzl-<\/em>), og a\u00f0 lokum -sl-<\/em>. \u00c1 breytingunni \u00far -rtl- <\/em>\u00ed -rsl-<\/em> hl\u00fdtur a\u00f0 vera einhver hlj\u00f3\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ileg sk\u00fdring sem \u00e9g \u00e1tta mig ekki alveg \u00e1, \u00fe\u00f3tt vissulega s\u00e9 ekki \u00fdkja langt \u00e1 milli \u00feessara klasa \u00ed frambur\u00f0i. Myndir me\u00f0 -rtsl- <\/em>sk\u00fdrast l\u00edklega af bl\u00f6ndun hinna tveggja, og myndir me\u00f0 -sl- <\/em>eru e\u00f0lileg einf\u00f6ldun klasans -rsl- <\/em>\u2013 brottfall r <\/em>e\u00f0a saml\u00f6gun \u00feess vi\u00f0 s<\/em>. Sams konar einf\u00f6ldun \u00feessa klasa ver\u00f0ur oft \u00ed \u00fdmsum \u00f6\u00f0rum or\u00f0um, eins og versla<\/em>, \u00e6rslast<\/em> o.fl. Rith\u00e1ttur me\u00f0 -rtl-<\/em> samsvarar ekki venjulegum frambur\u00f0i or\u00f0anna en vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 r <\/em>helst oft \u00ed \u00feeim er er e\u00f0lilegt a\u00f0 rita \u00feau me\u00f0 -rsl-<\/em> eins og n\u00fa er m\u00e6lt me\u00f0, frekar en bara me\u00f0 -sl-<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rith\u00e1ttur sagnar sem merkir 'fylla upp \u00ed g\u00f6t og misfellur \u00ed veggjum me\u00f0 s\u00e9rst\u00f6ku fylliefni' og samsvarandi nafnor\u00f0s sem merkir 'efni sem nota\u00f0 er sem fylling \u00ed g\u00f6t og misfellur \u00e1\u00f0ur en m\u00e1la\u00f0 er e\u00f0a lakka\u00f0' hefur veri\u00f0 nokku\u00f0 \u00e1 reiki. \u00cd M\u00e1lfarsbankanum segir: \u201eRita skal sparsl og sparsla \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 \u00feann frambur\u00f0 sem […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7378","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7378","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7378"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7378\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7379,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7378\/revisions\/7379"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7378"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7378"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7378"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}