{"id":7399,"date":"2025-06-20T17:05:34","date_gmt":"2025-06-20T17:05:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=7399"},"modified":"2025-06-20T17:05:34","modified_gmt":"2025-06-20T17:05:34","slug":"oft-og-a-tidum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2025\/06\/20\/oft-og-a-tidum\/","title":{"rendered":"Oft og\/\u00e1 t\u00ed\u00f0um"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd \u201eM\u00e1lspjalli\u201c var n\u00fdlega spurt hvort f\u00f3lk leg\u00f0i s\u00f6mu merkingu \u00ed or\u00f0asamb\u00f6ndin <em>oft <strong>\u00e1<\/strong> t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>og <em>oft <strong>og<\/strong> t\u00ed\u00f0um<\/em>. B\u00e6\u00f0i samb\u00f6ndin eru algeng en \u00e9g svara\u00f0i \u00fev\u00ed til a\u00f0 <em>oft <strong>og<\/strong> t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>v\u00e6ri <a href=\"https:\/\/malfar.arnastofnun.is\/grein\/71393\">eldra<\/a>, en merkingin s\u00fa sama. \u00cd sambandinu <em>oft <strong>og<\/strong> t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>er <em>t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>atviksor\u00f0, \u00ed raun upphaflega \u00fe\u00e1gufall fleirt\u00f6lu <a href=\"https:\/\/ordsifjabok.arnastofnun.is\/faersla\/20496\">anna\u00f0hvort<\/a> af nafnor\u00f0inu <em>t\u00ed\u00f0<\/em> e\u00f0a l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0inu <em>t\u00ed\u00f0ur<\/em>. Eins og J\u00f3n G. Fri\u00f0j\u00f3nsson hefur <a href=\"https:\/\/malfar.arnastofnun.is\/grein\/73811\">raki\u00f0<\/a> er sl\u00edk myndun atviksor\u00f0a algeng, svo sem <em>br\u00e1\u00f0um <\/em>af l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0inu <em>br\u00e1\u00f0ur<\/em>, <em>stundum<\/em> af nafnor\u00f0inu <em>stund<\/em> o.fl. J\u00f3n bendir \u00e1 a\u00f0 <em>oft <strong>og<\/strong> t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>er mun eldra en <em>oft <strong>\u00e1 <\/strong>t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>og kemur fyrir \u00feegar \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li en s\u00ed\u00f0arnefnda afbrig\u00f0i\u00f0 hefur t\u00ed\u00f0kast allt fr\u00e1 n\u00edtj\u00e1ndu \u00f6ld. Elsta d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is <\/em>er \u00ed <em>Nor\u00f0lingi <\/em>1876: \u201elifraraflinn eint\u00f3mur ver\u00f0ur opt \u00e1 t\u00ed\u00f0um \u00f3n\u00f3gur til a\u00f0 borga kostna\u00f0inn.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd sambandinu <em>oft <strong>\u00e1<\/strong> t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>er <em>\u00e1 <\/em>forsetning og <em>t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>skili\u00f0 sem \u00fe\u00e1gufall fleirt\u00f6lu af nafnor\u00f0inu <em>t\u00ed\u00f0<\/em> \u2013 sem g\u00e6ti l\u00edka veri\u00f0 uppruni <em>t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>\u00ed <em>oft <strong>og<\/strong> t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>\u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fear s\u00e9 <em>t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>hugsanlega af l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0i eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur segir. Munurinn er s\u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00ed <em>oft <strong>\u00e1<\/strong> t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>heldur <em>t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>fallor\u00f0se\u00f0li s\u00ednu og setningarst\u00f6\u00f0u en hefur setningarst\u00f6\u00f0u atviksor\u00f0s \u00ed <em>oft <strong>og<\/strong> t\u00ed\u00f0um<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 er varla vafi \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 yngra sambandi\u00f0 <em>oft <strong>\u00e1<\/strong> t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>er or\u00f0i\u00f0 til \u00far <em>oft <strong>og<\/strong> t\u00ed\u00f0um<\/em> og s\u00fa \u00fer\u00f3un er \u00ed sj\u00e1lfu s\u00e9r skiljanleg. Tengingin <em>og <\/em>er \u00e1herslulaus \u00ed <em>oft <strong>og<\/strong> t\u00ed\u00f0um<\/em> og frambur\u00f0armunur <em>og <\/em>og <em>\u00e1<\/em> vi\u00f0 sl\u00edkar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur er ekki mikill \u2013 hvort tveggja einhvers konar \u00f3r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0 s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0. Vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 b\u00e6tist a\u00f0 m\u00e1lnotendur kunna a\u00f0 hafa upplifa\u00f0 <em>oft <strong>og <\/strong>t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>sem \u00f3\u00fearfa og \u00f3e\u00f0lilega tv\u00edtekningu, \u00fear sem merking or\u00f0anna <em>oft <\/em>og <em>t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>er s\u00fa sama.<\/p>\n<p>Hva\u00f0 sem \u00fev\u00ed l\u00ed\u00f0ur er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 b\u00e6\u00f0i samb\u00f6ndin hafa lengi veri\u00f0 mj\u00f6g algeng og hlj\u00f3ta vitanlega b\u00e6\u00f0i a\u00f0 teljast \u201er\u00e9tt m\u00e1l\u201c. S\u00ed\u00f0an upp \u00far mi\u00f0ri tuttugustu \u00f6ld hefur <em>oft <strong>\u00e1<\/strong> t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>veri\u00f0 algengara og d\u00e6min um \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is <\/em>eru h\u00e1tt \u00ed helmingi fleiri en d\u00e6mi um <em>oft <strong>og<\/strong> t\u00ed\u00f0um<\/em>. \u00c1 seinustu \u00e1rum s\u00e6kir fyrrnefnda sambandi\u00f0 mj\u00f6g \u00e1 \u2013 \u00ed samf\u00e9lagsmi\u00f0lahluta <em>Risam\u00e1lheildarinnar <\/em>er \u00fea\u00f0 meira en tuttugu sinnum algengara en <em>oft <strong>og<\/strong> t\u00ed\u00f0um<\/em> sem vir\u00f0ist \u00fev\u00ed vera a\u00f0 hverfa \u00far \u00f3formlegu m\u00e1lsni\u00f0i. \u00dea\u00f0 r\u00edmar vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 sum \u00feeirra sem t\u00f3ku \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0um \u00ed \u201eM\u00e1lspjalli\u201c, l\u00edklega fremur yngra f\u00f3lk, s\u00f6g\u00f0ust aldrei hafa heyrt \u00fea\u00f0, en \u00f6nnur, l\u00edklega fremur \u00far h\u00f3pi \u00feeirra eldri, s\u00f6g\u00f0ust aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti alltaf nota <em>oft <strong>og <\/strong>t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>og fannst jafnvel <em>oft <strong>\u00e1 <\/strong>t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>vera \u201ebara bull\u201c. \u00dearna er \u00fev\u00ed l\u00edklega kynsl\u00f3\u00f0amunur.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dea\u00f0 kom m\u00e9r hins vegar \u00e1 \u00f3vart a\u00f0 \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0unum kom fram a\u00f0 sumum fannst vera merkingarmunur \u00e1 samb\u00f6ndunum, \u00feannig a\u00f0 <em>oft <strong>og<\/strong> t\u00ed\u00f0um<\/em> merkti 'oft, margsinnis' en <em>oft <strong>\u00e1<\/strong> t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>merkti '\u00e1\u00f0ur fyrr'. Mj\u00f6g oft g\u00e6tu b\u00e1\u00f0ar merkingar vissulega \u00e1tt vi\u00f0. \u00cd setningu eins og \u201eL\u00edfsbar\u00e1ttan var oft \u00e1 t\u00ed\u00f0um h\u00f6r\u00f0\u201c \u00ed <em>Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>2000 er vel h\u00e6gt \u2013 og ekkert \u00f3e\u00f0lilegt \u2013 a\u00f0 skilja <em>oft <strong>\u00e1<\/strong> t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>sem \u201a\u00e1\u00f0ur fyrr\u2018. Svipa\u00f0ar setningar eru algengar og sl\u00edk tv\u00edr\u00e6\u00f0ni er einmitt forsenda endurt\u00falkunar \u00e1 merkingu. \u00dea\u00f0 er l\u00edka \u00feekkt tilhneiging me\u00f0al m\u00e1lnotenda a\u00f0 finna tilbrig\u00f0um mismunandi hlutverk \u2013 f\u00f3lki finnst e\u00f0lilegt a\u00f0 gera r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 einhver \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a s\u00e9 fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 tv\u00f6 afbrig\u00f0i eru til, og fyrst til er b\u00e6\u00f0i <em>oft <strong>og<\/strong> t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>og <em>oft <strong>\u00e1<\/strong> t\u00ed\u00f0um<\/em> er fari\u00f0 a\u00f0 gefa \u00feeim mismunandi merkingu.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dea\u00f0 getur \u00fdtt undir \u00feennan skilning a\u00f0 til eru \u00fdmis samb\u00f6nd \u00fear sem <em>\u00e1 t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>v\u00edsar til t\u00edma \u2013 b\u00e6\u00f0i fyrri t\u00ed\u00f0ar, eins og <em>fyrr \u00e1 t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>og <em>\u00e1\u00f0ur \u00e1 t\u00ed\u00f0um<\/em>, en einnig til samt\u00edmans eins og <em>n\u00fa \u00e1 t\u00ed\u00f0um<\/em>. L\u00edkindi vi\u00f0 \u00feessi samb\u00f6nd g\u00e6tu leitt til \u00feess a\u00f0 f\u00f3lk tengdi <em>t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>\u00ed <em>oft \u00e1 t\u00ed\u00f0um <\/em>fremur vi\u00f0 t\u00edma en vi\u00f0 t\u00ed\u00f0ni. \u00c9g veit ekki hversu algengur \u00feessi skilningur er og \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00f3gerningur a\u00f0 kanna \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed textum vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 oft er ekki h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0a merkingu fyrir v\u00edst af samhenginu. En svo m\u00e1 spyrja hvort \u00feessi merkingarbreyting \u2013 ef h\u00fan er a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a \u2013 s\u00e9 \u00ed lagi, og \u00fev\u00ed ver\u00f0ur f\u00f3lk a\u00f0 svara fyrir sig. Svipa\u00f0ar breytingar eru algengar og valda sjaldnast vandr\u00e6\u00f0um, en vissulega getur misskilningur \u2013 \u00fe\u00f3 varla alvarlegur \u00ed \u00feessu tilviki \u2013 hlotist af \u00fev\u00ed ef f\u00f3lk skilur tilteki\u00f0 or\u00f0asamband \u00e1 mismunandi h\u00e1tt.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd \u201eM\u00e1lspjalli\u201c var n\u00fdlega spurt hvort f\u00f3lk leg\u00f0i s\u00f6mu merkingu \u00ed or\u00f0asamb\u00f6ndin oft \u00e1 t\u00ed\u00f0um og oft og t\u00ed\u00f0um. B\u00e6\u00f0i samb\u00f6ndin eru algeng en \u00e9g svara\u00f0i \u00fev\u00ed til a\u00f0 oft og t\u00ed\u00f0um v\u00e6ri eldra, en merkingin s\u00fa sama. \u00cd sambandinu oft og t\u00ed\u00f0um er t\u00ed\u00f0um atviksor\u00f0, \u00ed raun upphaflega \u00fe\u00e1gufall fleirt\u00f6lu anna\u00f0hvort af nafnor\u00f0inu t\u00ed\u00f0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7399","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7399","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7399"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7399\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7400,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7399\/revisions\/7400"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7399"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7399"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7399"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}