{"id":7459,"date":"2025-07-18T18:56:54","date_gmt":"2025-07-18T18:56:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=7459"},"modified":"2025-07-18T18:56:54","modified_gmt":"2025-07-18T18:56:54","slug":"ad-laesa-eda-aflaesa-tharna-er-efinn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2025\/07\/18\/ad-laesa-eda-aflaesa-tharna-er-efinn\/","title":{"rendered":"A\u00f0 l\u00e6sa, e\u00f0a afl\u00e6sa \u2013 \u00fearna er efinn"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd \u201eM\u00e1lspjalli\u201c var s\u00f6gnin <em>afl\u00e6sa <\/em>og merking hennar til umr\u00e6\u00f0u. \u00cd <em>\u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>er h\u00fan sk\u00fdr\u00f0 'l\u00e6sa, har\u00f0l\u00e6sa' og svipu\u00f0 <a href=\"https:\/\/islenskordabok.arnastofnun.is\/ord\/59881\">sk\u00fdring<\/a>, 'l\u00e6sa (hur\u00f0)', er \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> en or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3 merkt \u201egamalt\u201c. \u00cd <em>\u00cdslensk-danskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>fr\u00e1 1920-1922 er s\u00f6gnin <a href=\"https:\/\/blondal.arnastofnun.is\/faersla\/220272\">sk\u00fdr\u00f0<\/a> 'aflaase' og varla vafi \u00e1 a\u00f0 s\u00fa danska s\u00f6gn liggur a\u00f0 baki. Elsta d\u00e6mi um s\u00f6gnina \u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is <\/em>er \u00ed <em>Nor\u00f0anfara <\/em>1881: \u201e\u00fear sofa vinnumenn \u00ed afl\u00e6stu h\u00fasi\u201c. \u00cd <em>Sv\u00f6vu <\/em>1895 segir: \u201el\u00e6ddist h\u00fan inn \u00ed sitt eigi\u00f0 herbergi. H\u00fan afl\u00e6sti dyrunum.\u201c \u00cd <em>\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0\u00f3lfi <\/em>1893 segir: \u201eHjallurinn var ekki afl\u00e6stur.\u201c \u00cd <em>\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0viljanum unga <\/em>1896 segir: \u201eHann loka\u00f0i hur\u00f0inni, og afl\u00e6sti um lei\u00f0.\u201c \u00cd \u00f6llum \u00feessum d\u00e6mum er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 s\u00f6gnin merkir 'l\u00e6sa', og \u00fea\u00f0 gildir um \u00f6ll d\u00e6mi lengst af tuttugustu \u00f6ld.<\/p>\n<p>En \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0asta fj\u00f3r\u00f0ungi aldarinnar fer a\u00f0 bera \u00e1 annarri merkingu. \u00cd <em>Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ubla\u00f0inu <\/em>1977 segir: \u201eHann \u00e1kva\u00f0 a\u00f0 sn\u00faa aftur, [\u2026] \u00feaut af sta\u00f0 og afl\u00e6sti bakdyrunum, ef hann skyldi \u00feurfa a\u00f0 koma \u00fear inn.\u201c \u00cd <em>Nor\u00f0urlandi <\/em>1977 segir: \u201e\u00deau l\u00e6stu aldrei dyrunum a\u00f0 kofa s\u00ednum \u00e1 kv\u00f6ldin til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00feurfa ekki a\u00f0 hafa fyrir a\u00f0 afl\u00e6sa \u00e1 morgnana.\u201c \u00cd <em>Vikunni <\/em>1978 segir: \u201eHann kinka\u00f0i kolli, \u00feegar hann s\u00e1 DeMarco. afl\u00e6sti hli\u00f0inu og opna\u00f0i \u00fea\u00f0 upp \u00e1 g\u00e1tt.\u201c \u00cd <em>Vikunni <\/em>1981 segir: \u201e\u00c9g afl\u00e6sti \u00fatidyrunum og steig til hli\u00f0ar svo hann k\u00e6mist framhj\u00e1. Hann tv\u00edst\u00e9 m\u00e9\u00f0an \u00e9g loka\u00f0i og l\u00e6sti.\u201c \u00cd <em>\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0l\u00edfi <\/em>1987 segir: \u201eSvo d\u00e6mi s\u00e9u nefnd \u00fe\u00e1 eru hur\u00f0al\u00e6singar mi\u00f0st\u00fdr\u00f0ar (allar hur\u00f0ir l\u00e6sast e\u00f0a afl\u00e6sast \u00feegar lykli er sn\u00fai\u00f0 \u00ed b\u00edlstj\u00f3rahur\u00f0inni).\u201c<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd \u00feessum d\u00e6mum er auglj\u00f3st a\u00f0 <em>afl\u00e6sa <\/em>merkir ekki 'l\u00e6sa', heldur 'opna, taka \u00far l\u00e1s'. D\u00e6mum um \u00fe\u00e1 merkingu fj\u00f6lga\u00f0i sm\u00e1tt og sm\u00e1tt fram a\u00f0 aldam\u00f3tum en t\u00f3ku \u00fe\u00e1 mikinn kipp. N\u00fa held \u00e9g a\u00f0 megi fullyr\u00f0a a\u00f0 \u00ed n\u00e6stum \u00f6llum d\u00e6mum um s\u00f6gnina s\u00e9 h\u00fan notu\u00f0 \u00ed n\u00fdju merkingunni. \u00deessi merkingarbreyting er \u00ed sj\u00e1lfu s\u00e9r mj\u00f6g e\u00f0lileg \u2013 forskeyti\u00f0 <em>af-<\/em> hefur \u00ed m\u00f6rgum tilvikum \u00fea\u00f0 hlutverk a\u00f0 sn\u00faa vi\u00f0 merkingu sagnarinnar sem \u00fea\u00f0 tengist. N\u00e6rt\u00e6kt d\u00e6mi er <em>tengja <\/em>og <em>aftengja<\/em> en fj\u00f6lm\u00f6rg \u00f6nnur d\u00e6mi m\u00e1 nefna \u2013 <em>ferma <\/em>og <em>afferma<\/em>, <em>b\u00f3ka <\/em>og <em>afb\u00f3ka<\/em>, <em>helga <\/em>og <em>afhelga<\/em>, <em>laga <\/em>og <em>aflaga<\/em>, <em>si\u00f0a <\/em>og <em>afsi\u00f0a<\/em>, o.s.frv. \u00dea\u00f0 er ekki \u00f3e\u00f0lilegt a\u00f0 m\u00e1lnotendur t\u00falki <em>afl\u00e6sa <\/em>\u00e1 sama h\u00e1tt, enda er \u00fea\u00f0 mj\u00f6g s\u00e9rkennilegt a\u00f0 <em>l\u00e6sa <\/em>og <em>afl\u00e6sa <\/em>skuli hafa s\u00f6mu merkingu.<\/p>\n<p>En \u00fea\u00f0 voru l\u00edklega einkum tv\u00e6r t\u00e6knin\u00fdjungar undir aldam\u00f3tin sem \u00fdttu undir \u00feessa breytingu \u00e1 merkingu sagnarinnar. Annars vegar var tilkoma fjarst\u00fdringa til a\u00f0 l\u00e6sa b\u00edlhur\u00f0um og taka l\u00e6singuna af, og hins vegar tilkoma fars\u00edma sem h\u00e6gt var a\u00f0 l\u00e6sa \u2013 e\u00f0a l\u00e6stust sj\u00e1lfkrafa. \u00cd b\u00e1\u00f0um tilvikum var nau\u00f0synlegt a\u00f0 eiga lipurt or\u00f0alag um a\u00f0 setja l\u00e6singu \u00e1 og taka hana af, og \u00fea\u00f0 kalla\u00f0i eiginlega \u00e1 eina s\u00f6gn um hvorn verkna\u00f0 um sig. Vi\u00f0 \u00feetta b\u00e6ttist a\u00f0 b\u00e1\u00f0ar n\u00fdjungarnar b\u00e1rust okkur \u00far hinum enskum\u00e6landi heimi \u00fear sem or\u00f0in <em>lock <\/em>og <em>unlock <\/em>eru notu\u00f0 um \u00feetta, og \u00fea\u00f0 liggur beint vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0a \u00feau me\u00f0 <em>l\u00e6sa <\/em>og <em>afl\u00e6sa<\/em>. M\u00e9r finnst sj\u00e1lfsagt a\u00f0 gera \u00fea\u00f0, og l\u00edta svo \u00e1 a\u00f0 eldri merking sagnarinnar <em>afl\u00e6sa <\/em>s\u00e9 \u00farelt en s\u00fa n\u00fdja hin eina r\u00e9tta.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd \u201eM\u00e1lspjalli\u201c var s\u00f6gnin afl\u00e6sa og merking hennar til umr\u00e6\u00f0u. \u00cd \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k er h\u00fan sk\u00fdr\u00f0 'l\u00e6sa, har\u00f0l\u00e6sa' og svipu\u00f0 sk\u00fdring, 'l\u00e6sa (hur\u00f0)', er \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k en or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3 merkt \u201egamalt\u201c. \u00cd \u00cdslensk-danskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k fr\u00e1 1920-1922 er s\u00f6gnin sk\u00fdr\u00f0 'aflaase' og varla vafi \u00e1 a\u00f0 s\u00fa danska s\u00f6gn liggur a\u00f0 baki. Elsta d\u00e6mi um [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7459","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7459","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7459"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7459\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7460,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7459\/revisions\/7460"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7459"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7459"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7459"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}