{"id":7499,"date":"2025-08-06T09:53:49","date_gmt":"2025-08-06T09:53:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=7499"},"modified":"2025-08-06T09:53:49","modified_gmt":"2025-08-06T09:53:49","slug":"gasa-eda-gaza","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2025\/08\/06\/gasa-eda-gaza\/","title":{"rendered":"Gasa e\u00f0a Gaza?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd \u201eM\u00e1lspjalli\u201c var spurt \u00ed g\u00e6r hvort \u00e6tti a\u00f0 skrifa <em>Gasa <\/em>e\u00f0a <em>Gaza <\/em>\u00ed \u00edslenskum texta. \u00deetta er \u00e1hugaver\u00f0 spurning sem ekkert eitt r\u00e9tt svar er vi\u00f0. \u00dearna er um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a arab\u00edskt or\u00f0 sem er <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gaza_City\">rita\u00f0<\/a> \u063a\u064e\u0632\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u00e1 frumm\u00e1linu en \u00fear sem hvorki er hef\u00f0 n\u00e9 forsendur fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 nota arab\u00edskt letur innan um lat\u00ednuletur, auk \u00feess sem vi\u00f0 myndum ekki vita hvernig \u00e6tti a\u00f0 lesa \u00far \u00feessum rith\u00e6tti, ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 umrita arab\u00edsk or\u00f0 yfir \u00e1 latneskt stafr\u00f3f. Vi\u00f0 sl\u00edka umritun milli stafr\u00f3fa kemur tvennt til. Annars vegar er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 umrita tilteki\u00f0 t\u00e1kn \u00ed frumm\u00e1linu sem anna\u00f0 tilteki\u00f0 t\u00e1kn \u00ed m\u00e1linu sem umrita\u00f0 er \u00ed \u2013 <em>\u03b1<\/em> \u00ed gr\u00edsku er t.d. \u00e6vinlega <a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/page\/6517264?iabr=on#page\/n1\/mode\/1up\">umrita\u00f0<\/a> sem <em>a<\/em>. Hins vegar er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 umrita eftir frambur\u00f0i og skrifa or\u00f0in eins og \u00feau v\u00e6ru skrifu\u00f0 ef \u00feau v\u00e6ru \u00far m\u00e1linu sem umrita\u00f0 er \u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>\u00deess vegna skiptir oft m\u00e1li hvar umritunin er upprunnin. Kyrill\u00edski stafurinn <em>\u0447 <\/em>er t.d. <a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/page\/6516893?iabr=on#page\/n6\/mode\/1up\">umrita\u00f0ur<\/a> <em>ch <\/em>\u00ed ensku vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 s\u00fa umritun kemst n\u00e6st \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 samsvara enskum frambur\u00f0i, og \u00fear er \u00fev\u00ed rita\u00f0 <em>Chekhov<\/em>. V\u00e6ri nafni\u00f0 hins vegar umrita\u00f0 mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00edslenskan frambur\u00f0 v\u00e6ri umritunin <em>Tsjekhov<\/em> e\u00f0lilegri \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 h\u00fan gefur frambur\u00f0 sem n\u00e1lgast r\u00fassneska frambur\u00f0inn. En vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 n\u00f6fn \u00far tungum sem nota \u00f6nnur stafr\u00f3f eru sjaldnast komin til okkar beint, heldur oftast gegnum enska (og \u00e1\u00f0ur danska) ritmynd s\u00edna, er mj\u00f6g algengt a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 notum enska (e\u00f0a danska) umritun \u00feeirra \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 skrifa \u00feau eins og e\u00f0lilegast v\u00e6ri mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00edslenskan frambur\u00f0. Umritunin <em>Netanyahu <\/em>mi\u00f0ast t.d. vi\u00f0 enskan frambur\u00f0 \u2013 \u00e1 \u00edslensku v\u00e6ri <em>Netanjah\u00fa<\/em> e\u00f0lilegast.<\/p>\n<p>Nafni\u00f0 sem rita\u00f0 er \u063a\u064e\u0632\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u00e1 arab\u00edsku er bori\u00f0 fram [<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/8\/8e\/Ar-Gaza.oga\/Ar-Gaza.oga.mp3\">\u0263aza<\/a>] (reyndar skilst m\u00e9r a\u00f0 frambur\u00f0urinn s\u00e9 svol\u00edti\u00f0 annar, [\u0263\u00e6z\u025c], \u00e1 palest\u00ednskri arab\u00edsku en \u00fea\u00f0 skiptir ekki m\u00e1li h\u00e9r). T\u00e1kni\u00f0 <em>\u0263<\/em> stendur fyrir radda\u00f0 uppg\u00f3mm\u00e6lt \u00f6nghlj\u00f3\u00f0, sama og <em>g<\/em>-hlj\u00f3\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed <em>saga<\/em>. \u00de\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 hlj\u00f3\u00f0 s\u00e9 til \u00ed \u00edslensku kemur \u00fea\u00f0 aldrei fyrir \u00ed upphafi or\u00f0a, hvorki \u00ed \u00edslensku n\u00e9 ensku. \u00deess vegna er nafni\u00f0 umrita\u00f0 me\u00f0 <em>g<\/em> \u00ed byrjun, sem er e\u00f0lileg umritun b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed ensku og \u00edslensku (enda stendur <em>g <\/em>oft fyrir \u00feetta hlj\u00f3\u00f0 inni \u00ed or\u00f0um \u00ed \u00edslensku, eins og \u00ed <em>saga<\/em>). T\u00e1kni\u00f0 <em>z<\/em> stendur fyrir radda\u00f0 <em>s<\/em>-hlj\u00f3\u00f0 sem ekki kemur fyrir \u00ed \u00edslensku en er hins vegar til \u00ed ensku og \u00feess vegna er <em>Gaza <\/em>e\u00f0lileg umritun \u00fear \u2013 og algeng \u00ed \u00edslenskum mi\u00f0lum enda kemur flest sem rita\u00f0 er um sv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 til okkar gegnum ensku.<\/p>\n<p>\u00deegar n\u00f6fn e\u00f0a \u00f6nnur or\u00f0 \u00far m\u00e1lum sem nota latneska stafr\u00f3fi\u00f0 eru notu\u00f0 \u00ed \u00edslenskum texta finnst m\u00e9r e\u00f0lilegast a\u00f0 rita \u00feau eins og gert er \u00ed frumm\u00e1linu (nema \u00feau eigi s\u00e9r vi\u00f0urkennda \u00edslenska mynd eins og <em>Stokkh\u00f3lmur<\/em>) \u2013 nota \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0eins grunnt\u00e1knin en sleppa stafmerkjum eins og broddum og kr\u00f3kum sem ekki er hef\u00f0 fyrir \u00ed \u00edslensku. \u00deannig er r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 sleppa broddi yfir <em>n<\/em> \u00ed <em>Pozna\u0144<\/em> og rita<em> Poznan <\/em>\u2013 en halda <em>z<\/em> \u00fe\u00f3tt h\u00fan s\u00e9 ekki lengur \u00ed \u00edslenska stafr\u00f3finu. En \u00feegar n\u00f6fnin eru \u00far m\u00e1lum sem nota anna\u00f0 stafr\u00f3f og krefjast \u00fev\u00ed umritunar finnst m\u00e9r almennt s\u00e9\u00f0 e\u00f0lilegast a\u00f0 mi\u00f0a vi\u00f0 \u00edslenskan frambur\u00f0. Samkv\u00e6mt \u00fev\u00ed v\u00e6ri e\u00f0lilegt a\u00f0 rita <em>Gasa <\/em>frekar en <em>Gaza<\/em>. S\u00ed\u00f0arnefndi rith\u00e1tturinn \u00e1 s\u00e9r \u00fe\u00f3 langa hef\u00f0 \u00ed m\u00e1linu og hl\u00fdtur einnig a\u00f0 teljast r\u00e9ttur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd \u201eM\u00e1lspjalli\u201c var spurt \u00ed g\u00e6r hvort \u00e6tti a\u00f0 skrifa Gasa e\u00f0a Gaza \u00ed \u00edslenskum texta. \u00deetta er \u00e1hugaver\u00f0 spurning sem ekkert eitt r\u00e9tt svar er vi\u00f0. \u00dearna er um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a arab\u00edskt or\u00f0 sem er rita\u00f0 \u063a\u064e\u0632\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u00e1 frumm\u00e1linu en \u00fear sem hvorki er hef\u00f0 n\u00e9 forsendur fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 nota arab\u00edskt letur innan [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7499","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7499","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7499"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7499\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7500,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7499\/revisions\/7500"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7499"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7499"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7499"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}