{"id":7653,"date":"2025-09-30T14:44:30","date_gmt":"2025-09-30T14:44:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=7653"},"modified":"2025-09-30T14:44:30","modified_gmt":"2025-09-30T14:44:30","slug":"haekkun-fjarveitinga-til-kennslu-i-islensku-sem-odru-mali","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2025\/09\/30\/haekkun-fjarveitinga-til-kennslu-i-islensku-sem-odru-mali\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00e6kkun fj\u00e1rveitinga til kennslu \u00ed \u00edslensku sem \u00f6\u00f0ru m\u00e1li"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Fj\u00f6lgun f\u00f3lks af erlendum uppruna undanfarinn \u00e1ratug \u00e1 s\u00e9r ekki ford\u00e6mi. Fyrir \u00e1ratug voru erlendir r\u00edkisborgarar um 10% \u00edb\u00faa en eru n\u00fa um 20%, og um fj\u00f3r\u00f0ungur f\u00f3lks \u00e1 vinnumarka\u00f0i er af erlendum uppruna. \u00cd <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/en\/publications\/skills-and-labour-market-integration-of-immigrants-and-their-children-in-iceland_96adc300-en\/full-report.html\">sk\u00fdrslu OECD um m\u00e1lefni innflytjenda \u00e1 \u00cdslandi<\/a> sem birt var fyrir \u00e1ri kom fram a\u00f0 hlutfall innflytjenda \u00ed r\u00edkjum OECD sem telja sig hafa s\u00e6milega f\u00e6rni \u00ed tungum\u00e1li landsins \u00fear sem \u00feeir b\u00faa er hvergi l\u00e6gra en \u00e1 \u00cdslandi. H\u00e9r er \u00fea\u00f0 innan vi\u00f0 20%, en \u00e1 bilinu 45-60% annars sta\u00f0ar \u00e1 Nor\u00f0url\u00f6ndum \u2013 me\u00f0altali\u00f0 \u00ed r\u00edkjum OECD er t\u00e6p 60%. \u00deetta endurspeglar \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 fj\u00e1rveitingar \u00e1 hvern innflytjanda til kennslu \u00edslensku sem annars m\u00e1ls eru ekki nema brot af \u00fev\u00ed sem \u00f6nnur Nor\u00f0url\u00f6nd verja til kennslu \u00ed \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0tungum s\u00ednum.<\/p>\n<p>Innflytjendur hafa \u00e1tt st\u00f3ran \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed hagvextinum undanfarin \u00e1r og halda \u00ed raun uppi heilum atvinnugreinum eins og fer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nustu og byggingari\u00f0na\u00f0i, og \u00feeim fer einnig \u00f6rt fj\u00f6lgandi \u00ed heilbrig\u00f0iskerfinu. En margir \u00feeirra b\u00faa yfir fj\u00f6lbreyttri menntun og \u00feekkingu sem n\u00fdtist ekki sem skyldi, ekki s\u00edst vegna takmarka\u00f0rar \u00edslenskukunn\u00e1ttu \u00feeirra. \u00deeir festast \u00fev\u00ed i\u00f0ulega \u00ed l\u00e1glaunast\u00f6rfum \u00fear sem vinnut\u00edmi er langur og \u00feeir hafa fyrst og fremst samskipti vi\u00f0 a\u00f0ra innflytjendur og f\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed l\u00edtil t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri til a\u00f0 l\u00e6ra \u00edslensku. Skortur \u00e1 \u00edslenskukunn\u00e1ttu hamlar einnig \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku innflytjenda \u00ed l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegri umr\u00e6\u00f0u og kosninga\u00fe\u00e1tttaka \u00feeirra er mun minni en innf\u00e6ddra. B\u00f6rn innflytjenda eru enn fremur \u00ed meiri h\u00e6ttu a\u00f0 falla brott \u00far sk\u00f3lum.<\/p>\n<p>En takm\u00f6rku\u00f0 \u00edslenskukunn\u00e1tta innflytjenda bitnar ekki einungis \u00e1 \u00feeim sj\u00e1lfum, heldur hefur einnig margv\u00edsleg \u00e1hrif \u00e1 innf\u00e6dda \u00cdslendinga og samf\u00e9lagi\u00f0 \u00ed heild. Fj\u00f6ldi innflytjenda \u00ed \u00fdmiss konar \u00fej\u00f3nustust\u00f6rfum, svo sem vi\u00f0 afgrei\u00f0slu \u00ed veitingah\u00fasum og verslunum, veldur \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 v\u00ed\u00f0a getur veri\u00f0 erfitt a\u00f0 f\u00e1 \u00fej\u00f3nustu \u00e1 \u00edslensku. Vi\u00f0 \u00feurfum \u00e1 \u00feessu f\u00f3lki a\u00f0 halda, og \u00fea\u00f0 hefur veri\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0 til starfa \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 ger\u00f0ar v\u00e6ru kr\u00f6fur um \u00edslenskukunn\u00e1ttu, en skiljanlega veldur \u00feetta stundum pirringi hj\u00e1 vi\u00f0skiptavinum sem telja sig \u2013 me\u00f0 r\u00e9ttu \u2013 eiga a\u00f0 geta fengi\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3nustu \u00e1 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0tungu og opinberu tungum\u00e1li landsins. \u00deetta er \u00f3heppilegt vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 h\u00e6tta er \u00e1 a\u00f0 pirringurinn bitni \u00e1 starfsf\u00f3lkinu og lei\u00f0i jafnvel til \u00fatlendingaand\u00fa\u00f0ar \u00feegar verst l\u00e6tur.<\/p>\n<p>\u00de\u00e1 eru \u00f3nefnd \u00feau \u00e1hrif sem \u00fea\u00f0 hefur \u00e1 \u00edslenskuna og framt\u00ed\u00f0 hennar a\u00f0 umtalsver\u00f0ur hluti \u00edb\u00faa landsins hefur hana ekki \u00e1 valdi s\u00ednu. N\u00fa \u00feegar er fj\u00f3r\u00f0ungur f\u00f3lks \u00e1 vinnumarka\u00f0i af erlendum uppruna eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur segir, og \u00fev\u00ed hefur veri\u00f0 sp\u00e1\u00f0 a\u00f0 um mi\u00f0ja \u00f6ldina g\u00e6ti hlutfalli\u00f0 veri\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 helmingur. F\u00e6stir innflytjendur eiga ensku a\u00f0 m\u00f3\u00f0urm\u00e1li en reynslan s\u00fdnir a\u00f0 \u00feeir l\u00e6ra (\u00f3fullkomna) ensku eftir a\u00f0 \u00feeir koma til landsins og nota hana sem samskiptam\u00e1l vi\u00f0 innf\u00e6dda, og einnig \u00ed samskiptum vi\u00f0 a\u00f0ra innflytjendur af \u00f3l\u00edku \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0erni. Ef bj\u00f6gu\u00f0 enska dugir til daglegra nota er l\u00edtil hvatning til a\u00f0 l\u00e6ra \u00edslensku. Hlutverk hennar sem samskiptam\u00e1ls ver\u00f0ur \u00fev\u00ed s\u00edfellt minna og ef ekkert er a\u00f0 gert er h\u00e6tta \u00e1 a\u00f0 h\u00fan ver\u00f0i undir \u00ed atvinnul\u00edfinu.<\/p>\n<p>Ver\u00f0i ekkert gert til a\u00f0 auka \u00edslenskukunn\u00e1ttu innflytjenda stefnir \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed \u00f3efni \u2013 fyrir f\u00f3lki\u00f0 sj\u00e1lft, fyrir samf\u00e9lagi\u00f0, og fyrir \u00edslenskuna. \u00dea\u00f0 eru allar l\u00edkur \u00e1 a\u00f0 innflytjendum haldi \u00e1fram a\u00f0 fj\u00f6lga, og jafnvel \u00fe\u00f3tt fj\u00f6lgunin st\u00f6\u00f0va\u00f0ist er f\u00e6st af \u00fev\u00ed f\u00f3lki sem hinga\u00f0 er komi\u00f0 \u00e1 lei\u00f0 burt. Meginhluti \u00feess st\u00f3ra h\u00f3ps hefur l\u00edti\u00f0 vald \u00e1 \u00edslensku og eftir \u00fev\u00ed sem f\u00f3lki\u00f0 dvelur h\u00e9r lengur \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 l\u00e6ra m\u00e1li\u00f0 minnka l\u00edkurnar \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 geri \u00fea\u00f0 nokkurn t\u00edma. En jafnframt aukast l\u00edkurnar \u00e1 a\u00f0 h\u00e9r ver\u00f0i til einangru\u00f0 samf\u00e9l\u00f6g innflytjenda \u00fear sem \u00edslenska er l\u00edti\u00f0 notu\u00f0 og \u00ed raun \u00f3\u00fe\u00f6rf \u2013 samf\u00e9l\u00f6g sem einkennast af l\u00e1gum launum og l\u00edtilli menntun. Vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum \u00fdmis d\u00e6mi fr\u00e1 grannl\u00f6ndunum sem s\u00fdna okkur hv\u00edl\u00edk \u00f3heilla\u00fer\u00f3un sl\u00edkt v\u00e6ri fyrir \u00edslenskt samf\u00e9lag.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dea\u00f0 er \u00feess vegna allra hagur a\u00f0 gert ver\u00f0i \u00e1tak \u00ed kennslu \u00edslensku sem annars m\u00e1ls. F\u00f3lki\u00f0 sj\u00e1lft ver\u00f0ur hreyfanlegra \u00e1 vinnumarka\u00f0i og hefur m\u00f6guleika \u00e1 a\u00f0 vinna sig upp \u00ed starfi, \u00e1 au\u00f0veldara me\u00f0 a\u00f0 li\u00f0sinna b\u00f6rnum s\u00ednum vi\u00f0 n\u00e1m, og getur teki\u00f0 meiri \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed hvers kyns f\u00e9lagsstarfi og l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegri umr\u00e6\u00f0u. Atvinnul\u00edfi\u00f0 f\u00e6r h\u00e6fara starfsf\u00f3lk sem \u00e1 au\u00f0veldara me\u00f0 margs konar samskipti og n\u00fdtir betur kunn\u00e1ttu s\u00edna og \u00feekkingu, og ver\u00f0ur \u00fear me\u00f0 \u00e1n\u00e6g\u00f0ara \u00ed starfi. Innf\u00e6ddir \u00cdslendingar munu geta nota\u00f0 m\u00f3\u00f0urm\u00e1li\u00f0 vi\u00f0 margv\u00edslegar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur \u00fear sem n\u00fa ver\u00f0ur i\u00f0ulega a\u00f0 nota ensku. S\u00ed\u00f0ast en ekki s\u00edst bl\u00f3mstrar \u00edslenskan vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 notendum hennar fj\u00f6lgar og notkunarsvi\u00f0 hennar st\u00e6kkar \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 skreppa saman.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fj\u00f6lgun f\u00f3lks af erlendum uppruna undanfarinn \u00e1ratug \u00e1 s\u00e9r ekki ford\u00e6mi. Fyrir \u00e1ratug voru erlendir r\u00edkisborgarar um 10% \u00edb\u00faa en eru n\u00fa um 20%, og um fj\u00f3r\u00f0ungur f\u00f3lks \u00e1 vinnumarka\u00f0i er af erlendum uppruna. \u00cd sk\u00fdrslu OECD um m\u00e1lefni innflytjenda \u00e1 \u00cdslandi sem birt var fyrir \u00e1ri kom fram a\u00f0 hlutfall innflytjenda \u00ed r\u00edkjum OECD [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7653","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7653","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7653"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7653\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7654,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7653\/revisions\/7654"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7653"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7653"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7653"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}