{"id":7676,"date":"2025-10-14T09:31:08","date_gmt":"2025-10-14T09:31:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=7676"},"modified":"2025-10-14T09:31:08","modified_gmt":"2025-10-14T09:31:08","slug":"hun-deif-pennanum-i-blekid","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2025\/10\/14\/hun-deif-pennanum-i-blekid\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00fan deif pennanum \u00ed bleki\u00f0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cd \u201eM\u00e1lspjalli\u201c var spurt um merkingu setningarinnar \u201eH\u00fan t\u00f3k b\u00e1\u00f0um h\u00f6ndum p\u00fa\u00f0urkvasta, deif \u00ed duft \u00ed bu\u00f0ki\u201c sem fyrirspyrjandi haf\u00f0i s\u00e9\u00f0 \u00ed b\u00f3kinni Tv\u00edl\u00fdsi <\/em>eftir Thor Vilhj\u00e1lmsson. Fyrir utan or\u00f0in p\u00fa\u00f0urkvasti <\/em>og bu\u00f0kur <\/em>sem b\u00e6\u00f0i eru sjaldg\u00e6f kemur \u00fearna fyrir or\u00f0myndin deif <\/em>sem b\u00faast m\u00e1 vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 komi m\u00f6rgum sp\u00e1nskt fyrir sj\u00f3nir. \u00de\u00f3 er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 fletta henni upp<\/a> \u00e1 M\u00e1li\u00f0.is<\/em> \u00fear sem fram kemur a\u00f0 h\u00fan s\u00e9 \u201ebeygingarmynd af d\u00edfa<\/strong>\u201c sem er \u201e\u00d3vi\u00f0urkennt afbrig\u00f0i af veiku s\u00f6gninni d\u00fdfa\u201c og \u00ed Beygingarl\u00fdsingu \u00edslensks n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1ls <\/em>er bent \u00e1<\/a> a\u00f0 h\u00fan \u201efinnst hvorki \u00ed M\u00e1lfarsbanka n\u00e9 \u00cdslenskri stafsetningaror\u00f0ab\u00f3k\u201c \u2013 G\u00edsli J\u00f3nsson segir<\/a> l\u00edka \u00ed \u00fe\u00e6ttinum \u201e\u00cdslenskt m\u00e1l\u201c \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1986: \u201e\u00c9g amast vi\u00f0 sterku beygingunni d\u00edfa<\/strong>, deif<\/strong>, difum<\/strong>, difi\u00f0<\/strong>.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00cd \u00fe\u00e6ttinum \u201e\u00cdslenskt m\u00e1l\u201c \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>2002 segir<\/a> Sveinn Sigur\u00f0sson: \u201eFyrir kemur, a\u00f0 veika s\u00f6gnin d\u00fdfa er h\u00f6f\u00f0 sterk og \u00fe\u00e1 skrifa\u00f0 e\u00f0a sagt \u201edeif\u201c en ekki \u201ed\u00fdf\u00f0i\u201c \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0 og umsj\u00f3narma\u00f0ur hefur \u00fea\u00f0 fyrir satt, a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 eina d\u00e6mi\u00f0 um, a\u00f0 s\u00f6gn s\u00e9 f\u00e6r\u00f0 \u00far veikri beygingu og yfir \u00ed sterka.\u201c \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00f3 ekki r\u00e9tt. \u00cd grein<\/a> \u00ed Or\u00f0i og tungu <\/em>2016 s\u00fdnir Margr\u00e9t J\u00f3nsd\u00f3ttir fram \u00e1 a\u00f0 s\u00f6gnin kv\u00ed\u00f0a <\/em>sem er yfirleitt h\u00f6f\u00f0 sterk \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li (nema \u00ed n\u00fat\u00ed\u00f0 eint\u00f6lu) var veik \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li. H\u00fan nefnir einnig fleiri sagnir sem \u00e1\u00f0ur voru veikar en hafa \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li einhver einkenni sterkrar beygingar, einkum dv\u00edna <\/em>sem oft er dv\u00edn <\/em>\u00ed n\u00fat\u00ed\u00f0 eint\u00f6lu \u00ed sta\u00f0 veiku myndarinnar dv\u00ednar<\/em>, einkum \u00ed sk\u00e1ldskap \u2013 \u201eKve\u00f0 eg h\u00e1tt uns dagur dv\u00edn\u201c kva\u00f0 \u00d6rn Arnarson.<\/p>\n

\u00de\u00e6r veiku sagnir sem h\u00e9r hefur veri\u00f0 nefnt a\u00f0 s\u00fdni tilhneigingu til a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a sterkar, d\u00fdfa<\/em>, kv\u00ed\u00f0a<\/em> og dv\u00edna<\/em>, eiga \u00fea\u00f0 sameiginlegt a\u00f0 hafa \u00ed <\/em>\u00ed stofni \u2013 d\u00fdfa <\/em>er vissulega me\u00f0 \u00fd<\/em> en \u00fea\u00f0 hefur \u00ed m\u00f6rg hundru\u00f0 \u00e1r sta\u00f0i\u00f0 fyrir sama hlj\u00f3\u00f0 og \u00ed<\/em>. Sagnir sem beygjast eins og b\u00edta<\/em>, hafa hlj\u00f3\u00f0skiptin \u00ed <\/em>\u2013 ei <\/em>\u2013 i <\/em>(b\u00edta <\/em>\u2013 beit <\/em>\u2013 bitum<\/em>, svok\u00f6llu\u00f0 fyrsta hlj\u00f3\u00f0skiptar\u00f6\u00f0) eru st\u00e6rsti og reglulegasti h\u00f3pur sterkra sagna og beygingarmynstur \u00feeirra er svo sterkt \u00ed huga m\u00e1lnotenda a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 sterkar sagnir s\u00e9u yfirleitt loka\u00f0ur h\u00f3pur, \u00ed \u00feeim skilningi a\u00f0 engar n\u00fdjar sterkar sagnir komi inn \u00ed m\u00e1li\u00f0, megnar \u00fea\u00f0 stundum a\u00f0 draga til s\u00edn veikar sagnir sem g\u00e6tu hlj\u00f3\u00f0afars s\u00edns vegna falli\u00f0 undir \u00feetta mynstur, \u00fe.e. hafa \u00ed <\/em>\u00ed stofni, og er eina mynstur sterkra sagna sem gerir \u00fea\u00f0.<\/p>\n

\u00c1rni B\u00f6\u00f0varsson segir<\/a> \u00ed \u00fe\u00e6ttinum \u201e\u00cdslenzk tunga\u201c \u00ed \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0viljanum <\/em>1961: \u201eTil eru d\u00e6mi \u00feess a\u00f0 sagnir sem beyg\u00f0ust veikt \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li hafi fengi\u00f0 sterka beygingu \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li, og er svo h\u00e1tta\u00f0 m.a. um s\u00f6gnina a\u00f0 d\u00fdfa. H\u00fan er stundum beyg\u00f0 sterkt: deif \u2013\u00a0 difum \u2013 difi\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 str\u00ed\u00f0ir \u00fe\u00f3 m\u00f3ti uppruna og reglum tungunnar, \u00fear sem h\u00e9r er um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a \u00fd, en eins og kunnugt er getur \u00fea\u00f0 aldrei komi\u00f0 fyrir \u00ed or\u00f0um me\u00f0 hlj\u00f3\u00f0skiptinu \u00ed\u2013ei. S\u00f6gnin hefur \u00fev\u00ed fengi\u00f0 \u00feessa sterku beygingu eftir a\u00f0 \u00fd-i\u00f0 var horfi\u00f0 sem s\u00e9rstakt hlj\u00f3\u00f0 \u00ed m\u00e1linu og falli\u00f0 saman vi\u00f0 \u00ed.\u201c \u00cd athugasemd \u00ed Beygingarl\u00fdsingu \u00edslensks n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1ls <\/em>segir<\/a>: \u201e\u00cd Ritm\u00e1lssafni Or\u00f0ab\u00f3karinnar eru elstu d\u00e6mi um sterku s\u00f6gnina d\u00edfa<\/strong> fr\u00e1 mi\u00f0ri 19. \u00f6ld en henni breg\u00f0ur enn fyrir \u00ed textum.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00cd Kvennabla\u00f0inu <\/em>1904 segir: \u201eS\u00ed\u00f0an deif h\u00fan pennanum \u00ed bleki\u00f0 og skrifa\u00f0i svo br\u00e9fi\u00f0 til enda.\u201c \u00cd Vikunni <\/em>1961 segir: \u201eHann gekk a\u00f0 sk\u00e1linni, deif fingri \u00ed vatni\u00f0 og ger\u00f0i krossmark fyrir s\u00e9r.\u201c \u00cd Nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0 <\/em>2000 segir: \u201es\u00ed\u00f0an deif hann h\u00f6nd hennar \u00ed sk\u00e1lina.\u201c \u00cd V\u00edsi <\/em>1945 segir: \u201eVi\u00f0 st\u00f3\u00f0um \u00e1 fl\u00f3\u00f0g\u00f6r\u00f0unum og difum t\u00e1num \u00ed leirinn.\u201c \u00cd Austurlandi <\/em>1982 segir: \u201eVi\u00f0 difum fingri \u00ed hl\u00fdja laugina vi\u00f0 Laugar\u00e1.\u201c \u00cd H\u00f6fu\u00f0sta\u00f0num <\/em>1916 segir: \u201eKl\u00e6\u00f0um s\u00ednum og g\u00f6rmum difu \u00feeir me\u00f0 \u00e1fergi \u00ed bl\u00f3\u00f0 p\u00edslarvottsins.\u201c \u00cd Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ubla\u00f0inu <\/em>1948 segir: \u201eDvergarnir difu st\u00f3rum burstum \u00ed pottana.\u201c \u00cd \u00cdsafold <\/em>1895 segir: \u201eF\u00e6stir vilji bor\u00f0a brau\u00f0bita, sem difi\u00f0 hafi veri\u00f0 ofan \u00ed for.\u201c \u00cd Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1945 segir: \u201eClio Dulaine haf\u00f0i aldrei difi\u00f0 hendi sinni \u00ed kalt vatn.\u201c<\/p>\n

Sterku myndirnar vir\u00f0ast hafa veri\u00f0 nokku\u00f0 algengar \u00e1 fyrri hluta s\u00ed\u00f0ustu aldar en fari\u00f0 f\u00e6kkandi eftir mi\u00f0ja \u00f6ldina og eru n\u00fa n\u00e6r horfnar \u2013 a\u00f0eins fimm d\u00e6mi eru um deif <\/em>\u00ed Risam\u00e1lheildinni<\/em> en engin um a\u00f0rar myndir nema difi\u00f0<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 er ekki heldur \u00feannig a\u00f0 allar myndir sagnarinnar hafi or\u00f0i\u00f0 sterkar. \u00cd n\u00fat\u00ed\u00f0 eint\u00f6lu m\u00e6tti b\u00faast vi\u00f0 d\u00edf<\/em>\/d\u00fdf <\/em>og d\u00edfur<\/em>\/d\u00fdfur <\/em>en veiku myndirnar d\u00fdfi<\/em> og d\u00fdfir <\/em>vir\u00f0ast n\u00e6r einhaf\u00f0ar. Sterka beygingin kemur fram \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0armyndunum deif <\/em>\u00ed fyrstu og \u00feri\u00f0ju pers\u00f3nu eint\u00f6lu og difum<\/em> og difu<\/em> \u00ed fyrstu og \u00feri\u00f0ju pers\u00f3nu fleirt\u00f6lu \u2013 annarrar pers\u00f3nu myndirnar deifst <\/em>og difu\u00f0 <\/em>vir\u00f0ast ekki koma fyrir. L\u00fdsingarh\u00e1tturinn difi\u00f0 <\/em>t\u00ed\u00f0kast \u00fe\u00f3 enn nokku\u00f0 \u00ed sambandinu hafa aldrei difi\u00f0 hendi \u00ed kalt vatn<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cd \u201eM\u00e1lspjalli\u201c var spurt um merkingu setningarinnar \u201eH\u00fan t\u00f3k b\u00e1\u00f0um h\u00f6ndum p\u00fa\u00f0urkvasta, deif \u00ed duft \u00ed bu\u00f0ki\u201c sem fyrirspyrjandi haf\u00f0i s\u00e9\u00f0 \u00ed b\u00f3kinni Tv\u00edl\u00fdsi eftir Thor Vilhj\u00e1lmsson. Fyrir utan or\u00f0in p\u00fa\u00f0urkvasti og bu\u00f0kur sem b\u00e6\u00f0i eru sjaldg\u00e6f kemur \u00fearna fyrir or\u00f0myndin deif sem b\u00faast m\u00e1 vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 komi m\u00f6rgum sp\u00e1nskt fyrir sj\u00f3nir. \u00de\u00f3 er h\u00e6gt […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7676","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7676","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7676"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7676\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7677,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7676\/revisions\/7677"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7676"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7676"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7676"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}