{"id":7716,"date":"2025-10-28T14:39:41","date_gmt":"2025-10-28T14:39:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=7716"},"modified":"2025-10-28T21:09:13","modified_gmt":"2025-10-28T21:09:13","slug":"vilhallur-ovilhallur-og-vilhollur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2025\/10\/28\/vilhallur-ovilhallur-og-vilhollur\/","title":{"rendered":"Vilhallur, \u00f3vilhallur \u2013 og vilhollur"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cd grein<\/a> \u00ed DV <\/em>staldra\u00f0i \u00e9g vi\u00f0 setninguna \u201eBankahruni\u00f0 batt enda \u00e1 skammvinna setu Geirs H. Haarde \u00e1 st\u00f3li fors\u00e6tisr\u00e1\u00f0herra, en \u00e9g hygg a\u00f0 sagan ver\u00f0i honum vilh\u00f6ll\u201c. \u00cd m\u00ednu m\u00e1li hefur l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0i\u00f0 vilhallur <\/em>merkinguna 'hlutdr\u00e6gur' eins og \u00fea\u00f0 er sk\u00fdrt \u00ed \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k, <\/em>og \u00ed \u00cdslensk-danskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>fr\u00e1 1920-1924 er \u00fea\u00f0 sk\u00fdrt<\/a> 'partisk'. \u00dea\u00f0 er l\u00edka upphafleg merking or\u00f0sins eins og fram kemur \u00ed d\u00e6mum \u00far fornu m\u00e1li. \u00cd Eymundar \u00fe\u00e6tti <\/em>\u00ed Flateyjarb\u00f3k <\/em>segir<\/a> t.d.: \u201egrunar mig a\u00f0 li\u00f0smenn y\u00f0rir muni vilhallt sagt hafa og eigi v\u00e6ri enn sannindi vitu\u00f0 \u00feessa m\u00e1ls.\u201c En \u00e9g er nokku\u00f0 viss um a\u00f0 merkingin \u00ed umr\u00e6ddri tilvitnun \u00e1tti ekki a\u00f0 vera s\u00fa a\u00f0 h\u00f6fundur teldi a\u00f0 d\u00f3mur s\u00f6gunnar um Geir yr\u00f0i hlutdr\u00e6gur honum \u00ed vil.<\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 sem h\u00f6fundur vill v\u00e6ntanlega koma \u00e1 framf\u00e6ri er a\u00f0 hann telur a\u00f0 Geir muni f\u00e1 g\u00f3\u00f0an d\u00f3m \u00ed s\u00f6gunni. Sk\u00fdring<\/a> \u00cdslenskrar n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3kar<\/em>, 'hlynntur e-u, hallur undir e-\u00f0', er n\u00e6r \u00feessari merkingu en hlutdr\u00e6gur <\/em>en \u00fe\u00f3 t\u00e6past n\u00f3gu hlutlaus. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist sem s\u00e9 hafa breytt um merkingu \u00e1 seinni \u00e1rum, \u00ed m\u00e1li sumra a.m.k., og merkja ekki lengur 'hlutdr\u00e6gur' heldur 'hlynntur, vinveittur, hagst\u00e6\u00f0ur' e\u00f0a eitthva\u00f0 sl\u00edkt. \u00deessi breyting vir\u00f0ist hafa veri\u00f0 \u00ed gangi nokku\u00f0 lengi, jafnvel s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00e1 n\u00edtj\u00e1ndu \u00f6ld, en erfitt er a\u00f0 sko\u00f0a aldur hennar og \u00fatbrei\u00f0slu \u00ed textum \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 oft geta b\u00e1\u00f0ar merkingar \u00e1tt vi\u00f0. \u00deegar or\u00f0i\u00f0 er nota\u00f0 \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 nafnor\u00f0 e\u00f0a fornafn \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gufalli fylgi me\u00f0 (vilhallur einhverjum<\/em>) er \u00fe\u00f3 lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 merkingin er 'hlutdr\u00e6gur'.<\/p>\n

\u00deannig segir t.d. \u00ed I\u00f0unni <\/em>1887: \u201eJ\u00e6ja, \u00fear s\u00e9r\u00f0u, hvort \u00fea\u00f0 er vi\u00f0 lambi\u00f0 a\u00f0 leika s\u00e9r, vi\u00f0 sl\u00e6gan mann og vilhallan d\u00f3mara.\u201c \u00cd V\u00edsi <\/em>1939 segir: \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 eitt n\u00e6gir heldur ekki, a\u00f0 bl\u00f6\u00f0in sj\u00e1lf s\u00e9u vilh\u00f6ll \u00ed fr\u00e9ttaflutningi s\u00ednum.\u201c \u00cd Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>2020 segir: \u201eL\u00edklega hefur d\u00f3mnefndin veri\u00f0 vilh\u00f6ll, enda var vita\u00f0 fyrir a\u00f0 h\u00fan vildi ekki Sigur\u00f0.\u201c En \u00ed N\u00fdjum f\u00e9lagsritum <\/em>1846 segir: \u201eM\u00e1lalok \u00ed verzlunarm\u00e1linu voru svo g\u00f3\u00f0 og vilh\u00f6ll landsm\u00f6nnum, a\u00f0 \u00feeir mega me\u00f0 \u00f6llum r\u00e9tti fagna \u00feeim.\u201c H\u00e9r merkir vilh\u00f6ll <\/em>eiginlega 'hagst\u00e6\u00f0' e\u00f0a eitthva\u00f0 sl\u00edkt. \u00cd Sk\u00edrni <\/em>1875 segir: \u201eFrakkar leggja sig sem mest \u00ed l\u00edma vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 gera R\u00fassa sjer vilhalla.\u201c H\u00e9r merkir vilhalla <\/em>v\u00e6ntanlega 'hli\u00f0holla' \u2013 hugsanlega l\u00edka 'hlutdr\u00e6ga' en \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fearf \u00fe\u00f3 ekki a\u00f0 vera.<\/p>\n

Ekki er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 fjalla um or\u00f0i\u00f0 vilhallur <\/em>nema sko\u00f0a \u00fea\u00f0 l\u00edka me\u00f0 neitunarforskeyti, \u00f3vilhallur<\/em> \u2013 sem er reyndar margfalt algengara or\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 er sk\u00fdrt '\u00f3hlutdr\u00e6gur' \u00ed \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>og<\/a> 'sem ekki l\u00e6tur stj\u00f3rnast af sam\u00fa\u00f0 e\u00f0a fjandskap vi\u00f0 annan a\u00f0ila \u00ed deilu, \u00f3hlutdr\u00e6gur' \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em>. B\u00faast m\u00e6tti vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 merking \u00feess or\u00f0s breyttist \u00e1 svipa\u00f0an h\u00e1tt, \u00feannig a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 f\u00e6ri a\u00f0 merkja '\u00f3vinveittur, \u00f3hagst\u00e6\u00f0ur' e\u00f0a eitthva\u00f0 sl\u00edkt. En ekki fer miki\u00f0 fyrir \u00fev\u00ed \u00fe\u00f3tt finna megi n\u00fdleg d\u00e6mi. \u00cd Kjarnanum <\/em>2021 segir: \u00dea\u00f0 m\u00e1 nefnilega segja a\u00f0 forgangsr\u00f6\u00f0un stj\u00f3rnvalda \u00e1 \u00cdslandi hafi veri\u00f0 fremur \u00f3vilh\u00f6ll ungu f\u00f3lki.\u201c \u00cd r\u00e6\u00f0u \u00e1 Al\u00feingi 2012 segir: \u201eEnginn getur haldi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed fram a\u00f0 forseti AS\u00cd s\u00e9 s\u00e9rstaklega \u00f3vilhallur \u00feessari r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rn.\u201c<\/p>\n

En eins og me\u00f0 vilhallur <\/em>er ekki alltaf au\u00f0velt a\u00f0 greina n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega hva\u00f0a merkingu \u00feau sem nota \u00f3vilhallur <\/em>leggja \u00ed or\u00f0i\u00f0. Gott d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 m\u00e1 finna \u00ed \u00fe\u00e6ttinum \u201e\u00cdslenskt m\u00e1l\u201c \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>2004 \u00fear sem J\u00f3n G. Fri\u00f0j\u00f3nsson vitnar<\/a> \u00ed setninguna \u201e\u00deegar vi\u00f0 b\u00e6ttist \u00f3vilh\u00f6ll d\u00f3mg\u00e6sla \u00fe\u00e1 var \u00e1 brattann a\u00f0 s\u00e6kja\u201c \u00ed \u00ed\u00fer\u00f3ttafr\u00e9tt \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>sama \u00e1r og segir: \u201eH\u00e9r vir\u00f0ist lo. \u00f3vilhallur<\/em> nota\u00f0 \u00ed merkingunni 'hlutdr\u00e6gur', \u00fe.e. \u00ed \u00fever\u00f6fugri merkingu vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 sem vi\u00f0 eigum a\u00f0 venjast. Tr\u00falega er \u00fea\u00f0 forskeyti\u00f0 \u00f3- <\/em>sem veldur \u00feessu kl\u00fa\u00f0ri.\u201c \u00deetta kann a\u00f0 vera r\u00e9tt, en \u00e9g held samt frekar a\u00f0 merkingin s\u00e9 \u00fearna '\u00f3vinveitt, \u00f3hagst\u00e6\u00f0' \u2013 \u00fe\u00f3tt vitanlega megi til sanns vegar f\u00e6ra a\u00f0 d\u00f3mg\u00e6sla sem er \u00f3vinveitt e\u00f0a \u00f3hagst\u00e6\u00f0 s\u00e9 um lei\u00f0 hlutdr\u00e6g.<\/p>\n

Vi\u00f0 sko\u00f0un \u00e1 d\u00e6mum um vilhallur <\/em>rakst \u00e9g \u00e1 anna\u00f0 mj\u00f6g svipa\u00f0 or\u00f0 \u2013 (\u00f3<\/em>)vilhollur<\/em>. Elsta d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00ed N\u00fdjum f\u00e9lagsritum <\/em>1855: \u201e\u00fe\u00f3kti m\u00e9r hann bera bezt skyn \u00e1, og vera vilhollastr m\u00e1li voru og b\u00f3kagj\u00f6r\u00f0 \u00e1 n\u00e6st undanf\u00f6rnum \u00f6ldum.\u201c Auglj\u00f3st vir\u00f0ist a\u00f0 \u00feetta er afbrig\u00f0i af vilhallur<\/em> og hefur lifa\u00f0 lengi vi\u00f0 hli\u00f0 \u00feess og gerir enn \u2013 alls eru r\u00fam sj\u00f6t\u00edu d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is <\/em>og um fimmt\u00edu \u00ed Risam\u00e1lheildinni<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 er v\u00e6ntanlega or\u00f0i\u00f0 til fyrir \u00e1hrif fr\u00e1 l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0inu hli\u00f0hollur<\/em> og hefur oftast svipa\u00f0a merkingu \u00fe\u00f3tt merkingunni 'hlutdr\u00e6gur' breg\u00f0i einnig fyrir. \u00dea\u00f0 m\u00e1 halda \u00fev\u00ed fram a\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feessari merkingu s\u00e9 \u00fea\u00f0 ekki s\u00ed\u00f0ur gagns\u00e6tt en vilhallur<\/em> og \u00ed sj\u00e1lfu s\u00e9r ekkert \u00fev\u00ed til fyrirst\u00f6\u00f0u a\u00f0 vi\u00f0urkenna \u00fea\u00f0 sem gott og gilt or\u00f0 frekar en misskilning.<\/p>\n

En svo a\u00f0 aftur s\u00e9 komi\u00f0 a\u00f0 or\u00f0inu vilhallur <\/em>ver\u00f0ur ekki betur s\u00e9\u00f0 en b\u00e1\u00f0ar merkingarnar, 'hlutdr\u00e6gur' og 'hlynntur, vinveittur, hagst\u00e6\u00f0ur', s\u00e9u algengar \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li en eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur segir er ekki alltaf au\u00f0velt a\u00f0 greina \u00fear \u00e1 milli enda oft um hugl\u00e6gt mat a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 sem sumum finnst auglj\u00f3s hlutdr\u00e6gni getur \u00f6\u00f0rum fundist m\u00e1lefnalegur stu\u00f0ningur vi\u00f0 annan a\u00f0ilann. Vegna \u00feess hve m\u00f6rkin eru \u00f3lj\u00f3s er uppkoma n\u00fdrri merkingarinnar mj\u00f6g skiljanleg \u2013 or\u00f0i\u00f0 vilhallur <\/em>m\u00e1 l\u00edka hugsa s\u00e9r a\u00f0 merki 'hallast \u00ed vil' og ekkert sem segir a\u00f0 eitthva\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u00f3e\u00f0lilegt vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0. \u00de\u00f3tt merkingin 'hlutdr\u00e6gur' s\u00e9 eldri er hin merkingin svo g\u00f6mul og \u00fatbreidd a\u00f0 engin lei\u00f0 er a\u00f0 kalla hana ranga. En \u00feessi tv\u00edr\u00e6\u00f0ni or\u00f0sins getur vissulega veri\u00f0 \u00f3heppileg.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cd grein \u00ed DV staldra\u00f0i \u00e9g vi\u00f0 setninguna \u201eBankahruni\u00f0 batt enda \u00e1 skammvinna setu Geirs H. Haarde \u00e1 st\u00f3li fors\u00e6tisr\u00e1\u00f0herra, en \u00e9g hygg a\u00f0 sagan ver\u00f0i honum vilh\u00f6ll\u201c. \u00cd m\u00ednu m\u00e1li hefur l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0i\u00f0 vilhallur merkinguna 'hlutdr\u00e6gur' eins og \u00fea\u00f0 er sk\u00fdrt \u00ed \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k, og \u00ed \u00cdslensk-danskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k fr\u00e1 1920-1924 er \u00fea\u00f0 sk\u00fdrt 'partisk'. \u00dea\u00f0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7716","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7716","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7716"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7716\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7720,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7716\/revisions\/7720"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7716"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7716"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7716"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}