{"id":7781,"date":"2025-11-30T19:18:15","date_gmt":"2025-11-30T19:18:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=7781"},"modified":"2025-11-30T19:18:15","modified_gmt":"2025-11-30T19:18:15","slug":"sjukdomsvaeding-malfars","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2025\/11\/30\/sjukdomsvaeding-malfars\/","title":{"rendered":"Sj\u00fakd\u00f3msv\u00e6\u00f0ing m\u00e1lfars"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u00fdlega skrifa\u00f0i \u00e1hrifamikill stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lama\u00f0ur: \u201e\u00c1 me\u00f0al m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0inga og \u00ed \u00edslenskri menntast\u00e9tt hefur s\u00fa hugmynd n\u00e1\u00f0 s\u00edfellt meiri f\u00f3tfestu \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ari \u00e1rum, a\u00f0 \u00ed raun s\u00e9 ekkert til sem heitir r\u00e9tt e\u00f0a rangt m\u00e1l.\u201c \u00deetta hefur s\u00ed\u00f0an veri\u00f0 \u00e9ti\u00f0 upp af \u00fdmsum, t.d. \u00ed grein<\/a> \u00ed DV <\/em>\u00ed dag. En \u00feetta er rangt \u2013 \u00e9g veit ekki til \u00feess a\u00f0 nokkur \u00edslenskur m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0ingur hafi hafna\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 til s\u00e9 eitthva\u00f0 sem heiti \u201erangt m\u00e1l\u201c. Vi\u00f0urkennd skilgreining \u00e1 r\u00e9ttu m\u00e1li og r\u00f6ngu er s\u00fa sem finna m\u00e1 \u00ed svari<\/a> Ara P\u00e1ls Kristinssonar \u00e1 V\u00edsindavefnum<\/em>: \u201eR\u00e9tt \u00edslenskt m\u00e1l er m\u00e1lnotkun sem samr\u00e6mist (einhverri) \u00edslenskri m\u00e1lvenju en rangt \u00edslenskt m\u00e1l samr\u00fdmist engri \u00edslenskri m\u00e1lvenju.\u201c \u00c9g tek undir \u00feessa skilgreiningu og veit ekki betur en \u00feorri \u00edslenskra m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0inga a\u00f0hyllist hana.<\/p>\n

\u00dev\u00ed hefur l\u00edka veri\u00f0 haldi\u00f0 fram a\u00f0 \u00fdmsir m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0ingar ford\u00e6mi allar lei\u00f0r\u00e9ttingar \u00e1 m\u00e1li barna en dylgja\u00f0 um \u201ea\u00f0 \u00feessir s\u00f6mu frj\u00e1lslyndu menntamenn, sem \u00fat \u00e1 vi\u00f0 vildu l\u00e1ta allt reka h\u00e9r \u00e1 rei\u00f0anum \u00ed m\u00e1lfarsefnum, ger\u00f0ust \u00fe\u00f3 sekir um \u00fea\u00f0 heima fyrir a\u00f0 lei\u00f0r\u00e9tta eigin b\u00f6rn \u00feegar \u00fe\u00e1gufallss\u00fdki f\u00f3r a\u00f0 r\u00ed\u00f0a h\u00fasum\u201c. Eins og \u00e9g hef margsinnis skrifa\u00f0 um kannast \u00e9g ekki heldur vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0ingar amist vi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 foreldrar lei\u00f0r\u00e9tti m\u00e1lfar barna sinna \u00e1 m\u00e1lt\u00f6kuskei\u00f0i. \u00dea\u00f0 er vitanlega sj\u00e1lfsag\u00f0ur hluti af uppeldinu a\u00f0 lei\u00f0beina um m\u00e1lfar eins og anna\u00f0 \u00ed heg\u00f0un og framkomu. Hitt er anna\u00f0 m\u00e1l a\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knir benda til \u00feess a\u00f0 beinar lei\u00f0r\u00e9ttingar skili ekki miklu og \u00e1rangursr\u00edkara s\u00e9 a\u00f0 vera b\u00f6rnunum g\u00f3\u00f0 m\u00e1lfarsfyrirmynd, tala vi\u00f0 \u00feau og lesa fyrir \u00feau.<\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 sem m\u00e9r finnst \u00fe\u00f3 verst og lj\u00f3tast \u00ed \u00e1\u00f0urnefndum skrifum er a\u00f0 sj\u00fakd\u00f3msv\u00e6\u00f0ing<\/a> m\u00e1lfars sem \u00e9g vona\u00f0ist til a\u00f0 v\u00e6ri li\u00f0in t\u00ed\u00f0 er \u00fear endurvakin me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 nota or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1gufallss\u00fdki <\/em>\u00e1n g\u00e6salappa eins og \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 hvert anna\u00f0 hlutlaust fr\u00e6\u00f0iheiti. Meira a\u00f0 segja er b\u00e6tt \u00ed me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 gera gys a\u00f0 \u00feeirri \u201evi\u00f0kv\u00e6mni\u201c sem r\u00edki \u201euppi \u00ed h\u00e1sk\u00f3la\u201c og sagt: \u201eSama heilkenni er a\u00f0 v\u00edsu kalla\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1gufallshneig\u00f0 uppi \u00ed h\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00ed dag.\u201c Or\u00f0i\u00f0 heilkenni <\/em>er l\u00e6knisfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegt \u00ed\u00f0or\u00f0 sem er sk\u00fdrt<\/a> 'Heild einkenna og teikna sem vita\u00f0 er e\u00f0a \u00e1liti\u00f0 er a\u00f0 au\u00f0kenni kvilla, sj\u00fakleika e\u00f0a meinsemd' \u00ed \u00cd\u00f0or\u00f0asafni \u00ed l\u00e6knisfr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/em>. Me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 nota \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed komi\u00f0 sk\u00fdrt \u00e1 framf\u00e6ri a\u00f0 umr\u00e6tt tilbrig\u00f0i \u00ed m\u00e1li \u2013 sem er e\u00f0lilegt m\u00e1l verulegs hluta \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar \u2013 s\u00e9 sj\u00faklegt.<\/p>\n

\u00dearna eru endurvaktir \u00e1ratuga gamlir ford\u00f3mar. \u00cd\u00a0Samt\u00ed\u00f0inni <\/em>1943 sag\u00f0i<\/a> Bj\u00f6rn Sigf\u00fasson: \u201e\u00de\u00e1gufallss\u00fdki er g\u00f6mul \u00e1 \u00cdslandi [\u2026] En landfars\u00f3tt hefir h\u00fan aldrei veri\u00f0 nema \u00e1 okkar d\u00f6gum\u201c og \u00ed Austurlandi <\/em>1952 sag\u00f0i<\/a> hann: \u201e\u00de\u00e1gufallss\u00fdki er alvarlegur kvilli og smitar \u00f6rt.\u201c G\u00edsli J\u00f3nsson sag\u00f0i<\/a> eitt sinn a\u00f0 \u201e\u00fe\u00e1gufalls\u00fdki\u201c minnti \u201ereyndar lei\u00f0inlega \u00e1 limafallss\u00fdki og ni\u00f0urfallss\u00fdki\u201c og Bubbi Morthens sag\u00f0i<\/a> \u00ed Fr\u00e9ttabla\u00f0inu <\/em>2019: \u201eOr\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1gufallss\u00fdki er \u00fer\u00fati\u00f0 af hroka enda hafa menn gegnum t\u00ed\u00f0ina nota\u00f0 tungum\u00e1li\u00f0 n\u00e1nast sem valdat\u00e6ki \u00feeirra sem t\u00f6lu\u00f0u r\u00e9tt m\u00e1l og skrifu\u00f0u r\u00e9tt og beitt \u00fev\u00ed gegn \u00feeim sem notu\u00f0u \u00fea\u00f0 ekki r\u00e9tt e\u00f0a g\u00e1tu ekki skrifa\u00f0 r\u00e9tt. \u00deeir voru settir \u00e1 l\u00faserab\u00e1sinn og ur\u00f0u ni\u00f0ursetningar \u00edslenskrar tungu.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00cdslensk m\u00e1lfarsumr\u00e6\u00f0u hefur l\u00f6ngum veri\u00f0 full svipa\u00f0rar ford\u00e6mingar \u00e1 m\u00e1lfari f\u00f3lks, me\u00f0 gildishl\u00f6\u00f0num or\u00f0um eins og m\u00e1lvilla<\/em><\/a>, m\u00e1ll\u00fdti<\/em><\/a>, m\u00e1lskemmd<\/em><\/a>, m\u00e1lspj\u00f6ll<\/em><\/a>, m\u00e1lspilling<\/em><\/a>, m\u00e1lfirra<\/em><\/a>, og fleiri \u00ed sama d\u00far. F\u00f3lk var sagt tala alm\u00fagam\u00e1l<\/em><\/a>, g\u00f6tum\u00e1l<\/em><\/a> e\u00f0a jafnvel skr\u00edlm\u00e1l<\/em><\/a>, vera m\u00e1ls\u00f3\u00f0ar<\/em><\/a>, \u00fe\u00e1gufallsj\u00fakt<\/em><\/a>, hlj\u00f3\u00f0villt<\/em><\/a>, fl\u00e1<\/a><\/em>m\u00e6lt<\/em><\/a>, gorm\u00e6lt<\/em><\/a>, latm\u00e6lt<\/em><\/a>, og meintum hn\u00f6krum \u00e1 m\u00e1lfari \u00feess var l\u00edkt vi\u00f0 l\u00fas \u00ed h\u00f6f\u00f0i<\/a>, falskan s\u00f6ng<\/a> og illgresi<\/a>. \u00dea\u00f0 kom jafnvel fyrir a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri nota\u00f0 gegn stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lam\u00f6nnum \u00ed p\u00f3lit\u00edskri umr\u00e6\u00f0u a\u00f0 \u00feeir v\u00e6ru \u201ehlj\u00f3\u00f0villtir<\/a>\u201c e\u00f0a \u201e\u00fe\u00e1gufallssj\u00fakir<\/a>\u201c. I\u00f0ulega voru hin ford\u00e6mdu atri\u00f0i tengd vi\u00f0 leti<\/a>, seinf\u00e6rni \u00ed n\u00e1mi<\/a>, greindarskort<\/a> \u2013 og Reykjav\u00edk<\/a>. \u00dea\u00f0 er dapurlegt og ekki \u00edslenskunni til framdr\u00e1ttar a\u00f0 sl\u00edk or\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0a skuli vera endurvakin.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u00fdlega skrifa\u00f0i \u00e1hrifamikill stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lama\u00f0ur: \u201e\u00c1 me\u00f0al m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0inga og \u00ed \u00edslenskri menntast\u00e9tt hefur s\u00fa hugmynd n\u00e1\u00f0 s\u00edfellt meiri f\u00f3tfestu \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ari \u00e1rum, a\u00f0 \u00ed raun s\u00e9 ekkert til sem heitir r\u00e9tt e\u00f0a rangt m\u00e1l.\u201c \u00deetta hefur s\u00ed\u00f0an veri\u00f0 \u00e9ti\u00f0 upp af \u00fdmsum, t.d. \u00ed grein \u00ed DV \u00ed dag. En \u00feetta er rangt \u2013 \u00e9g veit […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7781","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7781","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7781"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7781\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7782,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7781\/revisions\/7782"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7781"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7781"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7781"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}