{"id":7878,"date":"2026-01-12T16:24:04","date_gmt":"2026-01-12T16:24:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=7878"},"modified":"2026-01-12T16:24:04","modified_gmt":"2026-01-12T16:24:04","slug":"aflifendur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2026\/01\/12\/aflifendur\/","title":{"rendered":"Aflifendur"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd g\u00e6r var spurt \u00ed \u201eM\u00e1lspjalli\u201c um \u201egott, kraftmiki\u00f0 og valdeflandi or\u00f0\u201c sem m\u00e6tti nota sem \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu \u00e1 enska or\u00f0inu <em>survivor<\/em>. Sk\u00fdring \u00feess or\u00f0s \u00ed <em>Ensk-\u00edslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k me\u00f0 alfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegu \u00edvafi <\/em>er \u00ed \u00ferennu lagi: '1. eftirlifandi, ma\u00f0ur sem lifir (e-n) . 2. e-r sem kemst lifs af. 3. e-\u00f0 sem enn er til e\u00f0a heldur velli.' \u00cd umr\u00e6\u00f0um \u00ed \u201eM\u00e1lspjalli\u201c var stungi\u00f0 upp \u00e1 or\u00f0um eins og <em>sigurvegari<\/em> og <em>lifandi<\/em> og n\u00fdyr\u00f0um eins og <em>yfirst\u00edgandi<\/em>, <em>\u00feraukari <\/em>og <em>t\u00f3ri<\/em>, auk \u00feess sem \u00fdmis nefndu l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0 eins og <em>l\u00edfseigur<\/em>, <em>\u00ferautseigur<\/em> og <em>bjargf\u00e6r<\/em> e\u00f0a or\u00f0asamb\u00f6nd eins og <em>lifa af<\/em> og bentu \u00e1 a\u00f0 ekki v\u00e6ri alltaf nau\u00f0synlegt a\u00f0 nota nafnor\u00f0 \u00ed \u00edslensku \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 gert \u00ed ensku. \u00dea\u00f0 er alveg r\u00e9tt, en \u00ed \u00feessu tilviki v\u00e6ri samt gott a\u00f0 hafa eitthvert nafnor\u00f0 tilt\u00e6kt.<\/p>\n<p>Einn m\u00f6guleiki v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 nota nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>aflifandi<\/em> \u2013 \u00ed fleirt\u00f6lu <em>aflifendur<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 or\u00f0 hefur reyndar \u00e1\u00f0ur skoti\u00f0 upp kollinum, \u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/groups\/20515436122\/?multi_permalinks=10160215666736123&amp;hoisted_section_header_type=recently_seen\">umr\u00e6\u00f0u<\/a> um sams konar fyrirspurn \u00ed h\u00f3pnum \u201eSkemmtileg \u00edslensk or\u00f0\u201c fyrir r\u00famu \u00e1ri. \u00dear sag\u00f0i Arn\u00fer\u00fa\u00f0ur Heimisd\u00f3ttir: \u201eOr\u00f0i\u00f0 v\u00e6ri tr\u00falega \u201eaflifandi\u201c, ef \u00fea\u00f0 n\u00fdyr\u00f0i v\u00e6ri til.\u201c En \u00fea\u00f0 er ekkert \u00fev\u00ed til fyrirst\u00f6\u00f0u a\u00f0 taka \u00feetta or\u00f0 upp og nota \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feessari merkingu. \u00dea\u00f0 m\u00e1 hugsa s\u00e9r a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 leitt af l\u00fdsingarh\u00e6tti n\u00fat\u00ed\u00f0ar af s\u00f6gninni <em>aflifa <\/em>sem er til \u00ed m\u00e1linu og gefin \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>\u00ed merkingunni 'lifa af, lifa e-n' me\u00f0 d\u00e6munum <em>aflifa har\u00f0an vetur <\/em>og <em>aflifa \u00e6ttmenn s\u00edna<\/em>. H\u00e9r v\u00e6ri \u00fea\u00f0 fyrri merkingin og d\u00e6mi\u00f0 sem \u00e6tti vi\u00f0 \u2013 \u00ed <em>V\u00edkverja <\/em>1874 <a href=\"https:\/\/ritmalssafn.arnastofnun.is\/daemi\/10859\">segir<\/a> t.d.: \u201eN\u00fa erum v\u00e9r h\u00e9r og v\u00ed\u00f0ar \u00e1 landinu b\u00fanir a\u00f0 aflifa har\u00f0an vetr.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>Or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>aflifandi <\/em>er hli\u00f0st\u00e6tt vi\u00f0 <em>eftirlifandi <\/em>sem vissulega er oftast nota\u00f0 sem l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0 \u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/islenskordabok.arnastofnun.is\/ord\/9275\">merkingunni<\/a> 'sem lifir eftir andl\u00e1t tiltekins manns' (<em>h\u00fan er eftirlifandi eiginkona hans<\/em>) \u00a0en getur einnig veri\u00f0 nafnor\u00f0 \u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/islenskordabok.arnastofnun.is\/ord\/63762\">merkingunni<\/a> 's\u00e1 sem eftir lifir (eftir a\u00f0 a\u00f0rir deyja)' og er \u00fe\u00e1 einkum nota\u00f0 \u00ed fleirt\u00f6lu (<em>eftirlifendur styrjaldarinnar<\/em>, <em>sj\u00e1lfsv\u00edg eru erfi\u00f0ust fyrir eftirlifendur<\/em>). En \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 hugsa s\u00e9r a\u00f0 nafnor\u00f0in <em>aflifandi <\/em>og <em>eftirlifandi <\/em>s\u00e9u upphaflega l\u00fdsingarh\u00e1ttur n\u00fat\u00ed\u00f0ar af sjaldg\u00e6fu s\u00f6gnunum <em>aflifa <\/em>og <em>eftirlifa<\/em> m\u00e1 l\u00edta svo \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00fearna s\u00e9 um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a l\u00fdsingarh\u00e1tt n\u00fat\u00ed\u00f0ar af s\u00f6gninni <em>lifa<\/em>, <em>lifandi<\/em>, og forsetningunum <em>af<\/em> og <em>eftir <\/em>s\u00e9 b\u00e6tt \u00fear fyrir framan. Hvort tveggja er \u00ed fullu samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 \u00edslenskar or\u00f0myndunarreglur. M\u00e9r finnst <em>aflifandi<\/em> alveg koma til greina.<\/p>\n<p>En au\u00f0vita\u00f0 er \u00feetta ekki fullkomi\u00f0 or\u00f0 fremur en flest \u00f6nnur n\u00fdyr\u00f0i og einhverjum kann a\u00f0 finnast a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 n\u00e1i ekki merkingunni \u00ed <em>survivor <\/em>e\u00f0a s\u00e9 villandi. Enska or\u00f0i\u00f0 merkir oft e\u00f0a jafnvel oftast ekki beinl\u00ednis 'lifa af' heldur 'komast af, komast \u00ed gegnum' e\u00f0a eitthva\u00f0 sl\u00edkt (t.d. er tala\u00f0 um <em>sexual assault survivor<\/em>) og \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0um var reyndar bent \u00e1 a\u00f0 <em>afkomandi <\/em>v\u00e6ri kannski besta or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u2013 ef \u00fea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri ekki fr\u00e1teki\u00f0 fyrir a\u00f0ra merkingu. \u00cd umr\u00e6\u00f0um var l\u00edka nefnt a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 v\u00e6ri \u00f3\u00fe\u00e6gilega svipa\u00f0 <em>afl<strong>\u00ed<\/strong>fandi <\/em>af s\u00f6gninni <em>afl\u00edfa<\/em>. \u00deegar or\u00f0 eru \u00f3kunnugleg reynum vi\u00f0 alltaf a\u00f0 lesa einhverja merkingu \u00fat \u00far \u00feeim og lendum \u00fe\u00e1 stundum \u00e1 villig\u00f6tum. En ef m\u00e1lsamf\u00e9lagi\u00f0 gefur n\u00fdjum or\u00f0um \u00e1kve\u00f0na merkingu venjumst vi\u00f0 henni yfirleitt flj\u00f3tlega.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd g\u00e6r var spurt \u00ed \u201eM\u00e1lspjalli\u201c um \u201egott, kraftmiki\u00f0 og valdeflandi or\u00f0\u201c sem m\u00e6tti nota sem \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu \u00e1 enska or\u00f0inu survivor. Sk\u00fdring \u00feess or\u00f0s \u00ed Ensk-\u00edslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k me\u00f0 alfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegu \u00edvafi er \u00ed \u00ferennu lagi: '1. eftirlifandi, ma\u00f0ur sem lifir (e-n) . 2. e-r sem kemst lifs af. 3. e-\u00f0 sem enn er til e\u00f0a heldur [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7878","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7878","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7878"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7878\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7879,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7878\/revisions\/7879"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7878"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7878"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7878"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}