{"id":7936,"date":"2026-02-01T18:16:08","date_gmt":"2026-02-01T18:16:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=7936"},"modified":"2026-02-01T18:16:08","modified_gmt":"2026-02-01T18:16:08","slug":"ad-aka-med-brudurina","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2026\/02\/01\/ad-aka-med-brudurina\/","title":{"rendered":"A\u00f0 aka me\u00f0 br\u00fa\u00f0urina"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cd n\u00fdrri b\u00f3karaugl\u00fdsingu segir<\/a>: \u201e\u00deetta virtist \u00e6tla a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a fullkominn br\u00fa\u00f0kaupsdagur ... \u00feanga\u00f0 til b\u00edlstj\u00f3rinn var be\u00f0inn um a\u00f0 aka me\u00f0 br\u00fa\u00f0urina einn hring \u00ed vi\u00f0b\u00f3t ...\u201c \u00cd \u201eM\u00e1lv\u00f6ndunar\u00fe\u00e6ttinum\u201c var vakin athygli \u00e1 \u00feessu og sagt: \u201e\u00c9g hef\u00f0i eki\u00f0 me\u00f0 br\u00fa\u00f0ina.\u201c \u00dea\u00f0 er vitanlega r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 \u00ed vi\u00f0urkenndri beygingu<\/a> or\u00f0sins br\u00fa\u00f0ur <\/em>er -ur<\/em> ending nefnifalls eint\u00f6lu en ekki hluti stofns, og \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed ekki a\u00f0 haldast \u00ed \u00feolfalli. En \u00fev\u00ed fer \u00fe\u00f3 fjarri a\u00f0 myndin br\u00fa\u00f0urina <\/em>\u00ed \u00feolfalli me\u00f0 greini s\u00e9 einsd\u00e6mi. Um hana er h\u00e1tt \u00e1 fimmta hundra\u00f0 d\u00e6ma \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is<\/em>, \u00fea\u00f0 elsta \u00ed Sk\u00edrni <\/em>1844: \u201evar gle\u00f0i mikil vi\u00f0 hir\u00f0ina, \u00fe\u00e1 er hann kom me\u00f0 br\u00fa\u00f0urina til Frakklands.\u201c Um vi\u00f0urkenndu myndina br\u00fa\u00f0ina <\/em>eru d\u00e6min r\u00famlega \u00ferisvar sinnum fleiri, um 1550.<\/p>\n

\u00cd \u00cdslensk-danskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>fr\u00e1 1920-1924 segir<\/a> \u201epop. ofte indec. i sg.\u201c e\u00f0a \u201eeintalan oft \u00f3beyg\u00f0 \u00ed talm\u00e1li\u201c \u2013 -ur <\/em>helst sem s\u00e9 i\u00f0ulega \u00ed allri eint\u00f6lunni \u00ed \u00f3samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 vi\u00f0urkennda beygingu. Um myndina br\u00fa\u00f0urinni <\/em>\u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gufalli me\u00f0 greini eru \u00e1 fimmta hundra\u00f0 d\u00e6mi og um br\u00fa\u00f0urinnar <\/em>\u00ed eignarfalli me\u00f0 greini eru d\u00e6min \u00e1 n\u00edunda hundra\u00f0. D\u00e6mi um a\u00f0 -ur <\/em>haldi s\u00e9r \u00ed aukaf\u00f6llum \u00e1n greinis eru einnig fj\u00f6lm\u00f6rg \u2013 \u00e1n efa mun fleiri, en vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6r myndir falla saman vi\u00f0 nefnifalli\u00f0 \u00fear sem -ur <\/em>er beygingarending er ekki h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 leita a\u00f0 \u00feeim rafr\u00e6nt og \u00fev\u00ed ekki h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 tilgreina fj\u00f6ldann. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00fearf \u00ed sj\u00e1lfu s\u00e9r ekki a\u00f0 koma \u00e1 \u00f3vart \u00fe\u00f3tt beyging \u00feessa or\u00f0s hafi tilhneigingu til a\u00f0 breytast vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 beygingarmynstri\u00f0 er mj\u00f6g sjaldg\u00e6ft.<\/p>\n

\u00cd fornu m\u00e1li var nefnifalli\u00f0 br\u00fa\u00f0r<\/em> og endingin \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0eins -r <\/em>en ekki -ur<\/em>. \u00c1 14. og 15. \u00f6ld var -u- <\/em>skoti\u00f0 inn \u00ed samhlj\u00f3\u00f0aklasa sem endu\u00f0u \u00e1 -r <\/em>\u00ed enda or\u00f0s og \u00e1 undan samhlj\u00f3\u00f0i \u2013 br\u00fa\u00f0r <\/em>> br\u00fa\u00f0ur<\/em>, ma\u00f0r <\/em>> ma\u00f0ur<\/em>, lifr <\/em>> lifur<\/em>, akrs <\/em>> akurs <\/em>o.s.frv. En m\u00f6rg kvenkynsor\u00f0 sem endu\u00f0u \u00e1 -r <\/em>\u00ed fornu m\u00e1li hafa breytt um beygingu og fengi\u00f0 nefnifallsendinguna -i <\/em>\u00ed sta\u00f0 -<\/em>(u<\/em>)r<\/em> \u2013 m\u00fdrr <\/em>> m\u00fdri<\/em>, vei\u00f0r <\/em>> vei\u00f0i<\/em>, hei\u00f0r <\/em>> hei\u00f0i<\/em> o.s.frv. \u00de\u00f3tt endingin -ur <\/em>(\u00e1\u00f0ur -r<\/em>) h\u00e9ldist \u00ed kvenmannsn\u00f6fnum eins og Hildur<\/em>, Sigr\u00ed\u00f0ur <\/em>og \u00fdmsum fleiri, auk f\u00e1einna or\u00f0a eins og og \u00e6\u00f0ur<\/em>, rey\u00f0ur<\/em>, v\u00e6ttur<\/em>, unnur<\/em> \u2013 og br\u00fa\u00f0ur<\/em> \u2013 var\u00f0 h\u00fan \u00fev\u00ed sjaldg\u00e6f \u00ed kvenkynsor\u00f0um og \u00fev\u00ed \u00a0<\/em>var ekkert \u00f3e\u00f0lilegt a\u00f0 f\u00f3lk f\u00e6ri a\u00f0 skynja -ur <\/em>sem hluta stofns eins og \u00ed or\u00f0unum gimbur <\/em>og lifur<\/em>, frekar en sem beygingarendingu.<\/p>\n

Eins og s\u00e9st \u00ed Ritm\u00e1lssafni <\/em>\u00c1rnastofnunar eru d\u00e6mi<\/a> um br\u00fa\u00f0ur <\/em>\u00ed aukaf\u00f6llum \u00ed \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu Odds Gottsk\u00e1lkssonar \u00e1 N\u00fdja testamentinu <\/em>fr\u00e1 1540 og \u00fdmsum \u00f6\u00f0rum ritum alla t\u00ed\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0an. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 f\u00f3r samt ekki a\u00f0 beygjast eins og gimbur <\/em>og lifur <\/em>\u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feeim or\u00f0um fellur -u- <\/em>brott (e\u00f0a er ekki skoti\u00f0 inn, eftir \u00fev\u00ed hvernig liti\u00f0 er \u00e1 m\u00e1li\u00f0) ef s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0 kemur \u00e1 eftir stofninum, eins og \u00ed eignarfallinu gimbr-ar<\/em>, lifr-ar<\/em>, og \u00f6llum f\u00f6llum fleirt\u00f6lu me\u00f0 greini. \u00dea\u00f0 m\u00e1 l\u00edka finna d\u00e6mi um brottfall \u00ed br\u00fa\u00f0rin<\/em>, br\u00fa\u00f0rina<\/em> og br\u00fa\u00f0rinni <\/em>\u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is <\/em>en hins vegar engin um eignarfalli\u00f0 *br\u00fa\u00f0r-ar<\/em> \u2013 n\u00e9 heldur *br\u00fa\u00f0ur-ar<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00f3 miklu algengara a\u00f0 ekki ver\u00f0i brottfall \u00ed br\u00fa\u00f0ur<\/em>, og reyndar r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 nefna a\u00f0 myndir \u00e1n brottfalls eins og gimburin <\/em>og lifurin<\/em> koma l\u00edka fyrir.<\/p>\n

En \u00feegar br\u00fa\u00f0ur <\/em>v\u00edkur fr\u00e1 vi\u00f0urkenndri beygingu \u00e1 anna\u00f0 bor\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist nefnifallsmyndin vera notu\u00f0 \u00f3breytt sem stofn, \u00e1n brottfalls og \u00e1n eignarfallsendingar \u2013 sagt er t.d. til br\u00fa\u00f0ur sinnar<\/em> \u00ed eignarfalli. \u00deetta er svipa\u00f0 og me\u00f0 fr\u00e6ndsemisor\u00f0<\/a> eins og br\u00f3\u00f0ir<\/em>, systir<\/em>, og d\u00f3ttir <\/em>\u2013 \u00feau ver\u00f0a oft eins \u00ed \u00f6llum f\u00f6llum eint\u00f6lu: til br\u00f3\u00f0ir m\u00edns<\/em>, til systir minnar<\/em>, til d\u00f3ttir minnar<\/em>. S\u00fa beygingin er vissulega ekki talin \u201er\u00e9tt\u201c, fremur en a\u00f0 hafa br\u00fa\u00f0ur <\/em>\u00f3breytt \u00ed \u00f6llum f\u00f6llum eint\u00f6lu. Hins vegar eru til kvenkynsor\u00f0 sem eru eins \u00ed \u00f6llum f\u00f6llum eint\u00f6lu en \u00feau enda \u00f6ll \u00e1 -i<\/em>, svo sem gle\u00f0i<\/em>, rei\u00f0i<\/em>, \u00e6vi <\/em>o.fl. \u00cd lj\u00f3si \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er e\u00f0lileg breyting sem \u00e1 s\u00e9r fimm hundru\u00f0 \u00e1ra s\u00f6gu a\u00f0 nota myndina br\u00fa\u00f0ur <\/em>\u00ed \u00f6llum f\u00f6llum eint\u00f6lu tel \u00e9g \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ulaust a\u00f0 amast vi\u00f0 \u00feeirri beygingu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cd n\u00fdrri b\u00f3karaugl\u00fdsingu segir: \u201e\u00deetta virtist \u00e6tla a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a fullkominn br\u00fa\u00f0kaupsdagur ... \u00feanga\u00f0 til b\u00edlstj\u00f3rinn var be\u00f0inn um a\u00f0 aka me\u00f0 br\u00fa\u00f0urina einn hring \u00ed vi\u00f0b\u00f3t ...\u201c \u00cd \u201eM\u00e1lv\u00f6ndunar\u00fe\u00e6ttinum\u201c var vakin athygli \u00e1 \u00feessu og sagt: \u201e\u00c9g hef\u00f0i eki\u00f0 me\u00f0 br\u00fa\u00f0ina.\u201c \u00dea\u00f0 er vitanlega r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 \u00ed vi\u00f0urkenndri beygingu or\u00f0sins br\u00fa\u00f0ur er -ur ending nefnifalls […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7936","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7936","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7936"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7936\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7937,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7936\/revisions\/7937"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7936"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7936"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7936"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}