{"id":8005,"date":"2026-02-24T19:52:25","date_gmt":"2026-02-24T19:52:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=8005"},"modified":"2026-02-24T19:52:25","modified_gmt":"2026-02-24T19:52:25","slug":"kennari-kennslukona-og-kennslumadur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2026\/02\/24\/kennari-kennslukona-og-kennslumadur\/","title":{"rendered":"Kennari, kennslukona og kennsluma\u00f0ur"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cd n\u00fdju innleggi \u00ed \u201eM\u00e1lspjalli\u201c segir: \u201eOr\u00f0i\u00f0 kennsluma\u00f0ur vir\u00f0ist or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fatbreitt hj\u00e1 Sarpi, aldrei heyrt \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1\u00f0ur.\u201c En \u00fe\u00f3tt kennsluma\u00f0ur <\/em>hlj\u00f3mi vissulega \u00f3kunnuglega er \u00fea\u00f0 ekki n\u00fdtt. Elsta d\u00e6mi<\/a> um \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00far ritinu Verus Christianismus, Edur Sannur Christenndomur <\/em>eftir Johann Arndt sem kom \u00fat 1731-1732: \u201eKennsluma\u00f0ur h\u00f3fseminnar.\u201c \u00cd Fer\u00f0ab\u00f3k T\u00f3masar S\u00e6mundssonar <\/em>fr\u00e1 fj\u00f3r\u00f0a \u00e1ratug n\u00edtj\u00e1ndu aldar segir: \u201ea\u00f0 eg fyrra part dags gekk a\u00f0 heyra h\u00e1sk\u00f3lans kennslumenn.\u201c \u00cd Sund-reglum Pr\u00f3fessors Nachtegalls<\/em> sem J\u00f3nas Hallgr\u00edmsson \u00fe\u00fdddi og Fj\u00f6lnismenn g\u00e1fu \u00fat<\/a> 1836 er or\u00f0i\u00f0 kennsluma\u00f0ur <\/em>(og einnig sundkennsluma\u00f0ur<\/em>) \u00e6vinlega nota\u00f0 um sundkennarann, e.t.v. til a\u00f0 f\u00e1 betur fram andst\u00e6\u00f0una sundma\u00f0ur<\/strong> <\/em>og kennsluma\u00f0ur<\/strong><\/em>.<\/p>\n

Me\u00f0 innlegginu fylgdi skj\u00e1mynd \u00far Sarpi<\/a> <\/em>sem er sameiginlegur gagnagrunnur \u00fdmissa \u00edslenskra safna en ef \u00fear er leita\u00f0 a\u00f0 or\u00f0um sem tengjast kennslu koma upp margar f\u00e6rslur sem merktar eru \u201eKennari, kennslukona, kennsluma\u00f0ur\u201c og ef leita\u00f0 er a\u00f0 or\u00f0inu kennsluma\u00f0ur <\/em>s\u00e9rstaklega koma upp 1590 ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur<\/a>. \u00dea\u00f0 er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 kennsluma\u00f0ur <\/em>er \u00fearna nota\u00f0 \u00ed merkingunni 'karlkyns kennari'. V\u00e6ntanlega hefur \u00fe\u00f3tt nau\u00f0synlegt a\u00f0 geta merkt kennara eftir kyni og or\u00f0i\u00f0 kennari <\/em>dugir \u00fe\u00e1 ekki \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 getur v\u00edsa\u00f0 til beggja kynja, en hvers vegna kennsluma\u00f0ur <\/em>er nota\u00f0 fremur en kennslukarl <\/em>e\u00f0a karlkennari <\/em>(sem hefur veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0<\/a>) veit \u00e9g ekki. En \u00ed framhaldi af \u00feessu m\u00e1 sko\u00f0a merkingu or\u00f0sins kennari <\/em>og breytingar sem hafa or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 merkingu \u00feess.<\/p>\n

Or\u00f0i\u00f0 kennari <\/em>kemur fyrir \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li en or\u00f0i\u00f0 kennslukona <\/em>kemur fyrst fyrir \u00ed \u00cdsafold <\/em>1877 \u00fear sem segir: \u201e\u00fea\u00f0 voru mest megnis kennarar (og kennslukonur).\u201c \u00cd Framfara <\/em>1878 segir: \u201ekennarar og kennslukonur eru samtals 800.\u201c \u00cd Andvara <\/em>1881 segir: \u201e1878 voru \u00feeir \u00feegar or\u00f0nir 25 a\u00f0 t\u00f6lu me\u00f0 alls 80 kennurum (47 f\u00f6stum, 29 aukakennurum og 4 kennslukonum).\u201c \u00cd \u00cdsafold <\/em>1881 segir: \u201e2 svefnlopt og herbergi, anna\u00f0 fyrir kennarana, en hitt fyrir kennslukonu.\u201c \u00cd Nor\u00f0anfara <\/em>1882 segir: \u201eEf menn gj\u00f6ra r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir [\u2026] 2 kennurum, 1 kennslukonu.\u201c \u00cd Fr\u00f3\u00f0a <\/em>1882 segir: \u201e\u00dear sje 2 launa\u00f0ir kennarar, me\u00f0 1600 og 800 kr. \u00e1rlega auk kennslukonu, sem hafi 500 kr. \u00ed \u00e1rslaun.\u201c \u00cd \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0\u00f3lfi <\/em>1885 segir: \u201eKennari e\u00f0a kennslukona s\u00fa, er \u00feetta kennir.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00cd fornu m\u00e1li<\/a> er kennari <\/em>eing\u00f6ngu nota\u00f0 um karlmenn en af \u00fev\u00ed er ekki h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 draga \u00fe\u00e1 \u00e1lyktun a\u00f0 ekki hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 nota \u00fea\u00f0 um konur. \u00dea\u00f0 er hins vegar lj\u00f3st af d\u00e6munum h\u00e9r a\u00f0 framan og fj\u00f6lm\u00f6rgum \u00f6\u00f0rum a\u00f0 \u00e1 seinni hluta n\u00edtj\u00e1ndu aldar v\u00edsar or\u00f0i\u00f0 eing\u00f6ngu til karla \u2013 konur sem f\u00e1st vi\u00f0 kennslu eru \u00e6vinlega nefndar kennslukonur<\/em>. \u00deetta vir\u00f0ist \u00fe\u00f3 fara a\u00f0 breytast undir aldam\u00f3tin \u2013 \u201eh\u00fan er kennari\u201c segir \u00ed Dagskr\u00e1 <\/em>1899. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 kennslukona <\/em>hefur \u00fe\u00f3 veri\u00f0 talsvert nota\u00f0 alla t\u00ed\u00f0 og er enn. \u00cd \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>er kennari <\/em>sk\u00fdrt<\/a> 's\u00e1 e\u00f0a s\u00fa sem kennir nemendum \u00ed sk\u00f3la e\u00f0a \u00e1 n\u00e1mskei\u00f0i' en \u00ed \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>er or\u00f0i\u00f0 sk\u00fdrt 'ma\u00f0ur sem kennir, starfar a\u00f0 uppfr\u00e6\u00f0ingu, kennslu' \u2013 og \u00fe\u00e1 er spurning hvernig f\u00f3lk vill skilja or\u00f0i\u00f0 ma\u00f0ur<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Ekki er \u00fe\u00f3 alltaf gott a\u00f0 segja hvort kennslukona <\/em>er nota\u00f0 sem \u00ferenging e\u00f0a n\u00e1nari skilgreining \u00e1 kennari <\/em>e\u00f0a \u00ed andst\u00e6\u00f0ri merkingu vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 or\u00f0 eins og var \u00ed upphafi. Spurningin er hvort \u00edmynd kennara <\/em>s\u00e9 kona \u00ed huga m\u00e1lnotenda n\u00faor\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3tt or\u00f0i\u00f0 s\u00e9 karlkyns \u2013 \u00ed grein Erlu El\u00edasd\u00f3ttur V\u00f6lud\u00f3ttur um kynja\u00f0 m\u00e1l \u00ed 19. j\u00fan\u00ed <\/em>2019 segir<\/a>: \u201eKennarar eru d\u00e6mi um st\u00e9tt sem \u00e1\u00f0ur var skipu\u00f0 k\u00f6rlum a\u00f0 meirihluta og var tala\u00f0 um kennara og kennslukonur til a\u00f0greiningar, \u00fe\u00f3tt hlutf\u00f6llin s\u00e9u jafnari \u00ed dag.\u201c \u00cd grein Gu\u00f0r\u00fanar Kvaran um heiti karla og kvenna \u00ed \u00cdslensku m\u00e1li <\/em>1994 segir<\/a>: \u201eBenda m\u00e1 \u00e1 a\u00f0 stundum kemur fram bl\u00e6brig\u00f0amunur \u00ed merkingu, t.d. \u00ed or\u00f0unum [\u2026] kennari<\/em> og kennslukona<\/em>.\u201c Ekki er \u00fe\u00f3 nefnt hver \u00feessi bl\u00e6brig\u00f0amunur s\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u00cd grein \u00ed V\u00edsi <\/em>2014 segir<\/a>: \u201e\u00e9g er kennslukona. T\u00e6knilega er \u00e9g v\u00edst kennari en m\u00e9r finnst kennslukona skemmtilegra or\u00f0.\u201c \u00dea\u00f0 er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 vi\u00f0horf f\u00f3lks, einkum kvenna, til or\u00f0anna kennari <\/em>og kennslukona <\/em>og merkingar \u00feeirra eru d\u00e1l\u00edti\u00f0 misj\u00f6fn \u00a0\u2013 sumar konur leggja \u00e1herslu \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6r s\u00e9u kennarar <\/em>og finnst kennslukona <\/em>asnalegt or\u00f0 e\u00f0a m\u00f3\u00f0gun<\/a> en a\u00f0rar kosta kapps um<\/a> a\u00f0 nota or\u00f0i\u00f0 kennslukona<\/em>. \u00deetta minnir d\u00e1l\u00edti\u00f0 \u00e1 mismunandi vi\u00f0horf kvenna til or\u00f0sins ma\u00f0ur <\/em>seint \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00f6ld \u00fear sem \u00fdmist var l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1hersla \u00e1<\/a> a\u00f0 konur v\u00e6ru <\/em>(l\u00edka<\/em>) menn <\/em>e\u00f0a \u00e1 s\u00e9rst\u00f6\u00f0u kvenna gagnvart k\u00f6rlum. En ef \u00fearf a\u00f0 nota starfsheiti sem v\u00edsar eing\u00f6ngu til karlmanna sem f\u00e1st vi\u00f0 kennslu fyndist m\u00e9r heppilegra a\u00f0 nota kennslukarl<\/a> <\/em>en kennsluma\u00f0ur<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cd n\u00fdju innleggi \u00ed \u201eM\u00e1lspjalli\u201c segir: \u201eOr\u00f0i\u00f0 kennsluma\u00f0ur vir\u00f0ist or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fatbreitt hj\u00e1 Sarpi, aldrei heyrt \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1\u00f0ur.\u201c En \u00fe\u00f3tt kennsluma\u00f0ur hlj\u00f3mi vissulega \u00f3kunnuglega er \u00fea\u00f0 ekki n\u00fdtt. Elsta d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00far ritinu Verus Christianismus, Edur Sannur Christenndomur eftir Johann Arndt sem kom \u00fat 1731-1732: \u201eKennsluma\u00f0ur h\u00f3fseminnar.\u201c \u00cd Fer\u00f0ab\u00f3k T\u00f3masar S\u00e6mundssonar fr\u00e1 fj\u00f3r\u00f0a \u00e1ratug […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8005","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8005","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8005"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8005\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8006,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8005\/revisions\/8006"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8005"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8005"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8005"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}