{"id":8042,"date":"2026-03-12T16:19:44","date_gmt":"2026-03-12T16:19:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=8042"},"modified":"2026-03-12T20:59:35","modified_gmt":"2026-03-12T20:59:35","slug":"their-voru-skildnir-eftir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2026\/03\/12\/their-voru-skildnir-eftir\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00deeir voru skildnir eftir"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u00fdsingarh\u00e1ttur \u00fe\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0ar af sterkum s\u00f6gnum, sem og veikum s\u00f6gnum me\u00f0 j <\/em>\u00ed stofni, er mynda\u00f0ur me\u00f0 vi\u00f0skeytinu -in-<\/em>: bit-in-<\/em>, fal-in-<\/em>, les-in-<\/em>, sta\u00f0-in-<\/em>, tek-in-<\/em>; bar-in-<\/em>, tal-in-<\/em>, val-in-<\/em>, af b\u00edta<\/em>, fela<\/em>, lesa<\/em>, standa<\/em>; taka<\/em>, berja<\/em>, telja<\/em>, velja<\/em>. Aftan vi\u00f0 \u00feetta koma svo endingar kyns, falls og t\u00f6lu. Ef beygingarending hefst \u00e1 s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0i er \u00fea\u00f0 almenn regla<\/a> \u00ed m\u00e1linu a\u00f0 \u00e1herslulaust s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0 \u00ed atkv\u00e6\u00f0inu \u00e1 undan fellur brott. \u00deannig f\u00e1um vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1gufall eint\u00f6lu hamr-i <\/em>af hamar<\/em>, ekki *hamar-i<\/em>, nefnifall fleirt\u00f6lu j\u00f6kl-ar <\/em>af j\u00f6kul-l<\/em>, ekki *j\u00f6kul-ar<\/em>, og fleirt\u00f6luna bitn-ir<\/em> og bitn-ar<\/em> \u00ed karlkyni og kvenkyni af bitin-<\/em>, ekki *bitin-ir <\/em>og *bitin-ar<\/em>. Vi\u00f0 \u00feetta brottfall lendir -n-<\/em>i\u00f0 \u00far vi\u00f0skeytinu n\u00e6st lokasamhlj\u00f3\u00f0i r\u00f3tarinnar og breytist \u00fe\u00e1 oft \u00ed anna\u00f0 hlj\u00f3\u00f0 \u2013 d <\/em>\u00e1 eftir l<\/em>, m<\/em>, n<\/em> en \u00f0 <\/em>\u00e1 eftir r<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u00deannig f\u00e1um vi\u00f0 fald-ir<\/em>, fald-ar<\/em> en ekki *faln-ir<\/em>, *faln-ar<\/em> af falin-<\/em>; tamd-ir<\/em>, tamd-ar<\/em> en ekki *tamn-ir<\/em>, *tamn-ar<\/em> af tamin-<\/em>; og bar\u00f0-ir<\/em>, bar\u00f0-ar<\/em> en ekki *barn-ir<\/em>, barn-ar <\/em>af barin-<\/em>. En eins og algengt er \u00feegar hlj\u00f3\u00f0av\u00edxl eru \u00ed beygingu er tilhneiging til samr\u00e6mingar, \u00feannig a\u00f0 stofn or\u00f0sins haldist \u00f3breyttur \u00ed \u00f6llum beygingarmyndum \u00feess. \u00deannig eru \u00fdmis d\u00e6mi um a\u00f0 n <\/em>haldist \u00ed vi\u00f0skeytinu \u00e1 eftir l<\/em>, m<\/em>, n <\/em>og r<\/em>, \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir brottfall, \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 breytast \u00ed d <\/em>e\u00f0a \u00f0<\/em>. \u00cd T\u00edmanum <\/em>1949 segir: \u201eTveir sj\u00f3\u00f0ir hafa veri\u00f0 falnir umsj\u00e1 Sandgr\u00e6\u00f0slusj\u00f3\u00f0s.\u201c \u00c1 Hugi.is <\/em>2005 segir: \u201eVi\u00f0 eigum \u00feakkir skilnar fyrir gestrisnina.\u201c \u00c1 mbl.is <\/em>2006 segir: \u201e\u201ealls konar uppgjafahermenn\u201c s\u00e9u skilnir eftir.\u201c \u00cd V\u00edsi <\/em>2009 segir: \u201esvo vir\u00f0ast sem \u00feeir hafi veri\u00f0 valnir af handah\u00f3fi.\u201c<\/p>\n

En einnig kemur fyrir a\u00f0 i <\/em>falli brott \u00far l\u00fdsingarh\u00e1ttarvi\u00f0skeytinu og n<\/em>-i\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed breytist \u00ed d<\/em> e\u00f0a \u00f0 <\/em>\u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum f\u00f6llum en \u00feeim \u00fear sem endingin hefst \u00e1 s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0i. \u201eBar\u00f0ur \u00fer\u00e6ll er mikill ma\u00f0ur, \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed hans brj\u00f3sti \u00e1 frelsi\u00f0 heima\u201c er fr\u00e6g setning \u00far \u00cdslandsklukku <\/em>Halld\u00f3rs Laxness. \u00dearna er nota\u00f0 bar\u00f0-ur <\/em>\u00ed sta\u00f0 barin-n <\/em>(endingin hefst vissulega \u00e1 s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0inu u<\/em> en um \u00fea\u00f0 gilda reglur sem \u00f3\u00fearfi er a\u00f0 fara \u00fat \u00ed h\u00e9r). \u00cd Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1992 segir: \u201e\u201eEr \u00feessi br\u00fani \u00fearna tamdur?\u201c heyr\u00f0ist spurt og \u00de\u00f3ra svara\u00f0i: \u201eHann er taminn<\/em>\u201c.\u201c \u00cd D\u00fdraverndaranum <\/em>1946 segir: \u201et\u00f6md kr\u00e1ka hj\u00f3 auga \u00far krakka, sem var a\u00f0 str\u00ed\u00f0a henni.\u201c \u00cd DV <\/em>1990 segir: \u201eHann segist hafa veri\u00f0 au\u00f0m\u00fdktur og skildur eftir \u00ed t\u00e1rum.\u201c \u00c1 Twitter <\/em>2018 segir: \u201etaskan hennar var skild eftir \u00fati \u00ed rigningunni.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00deri\u00f0ja tilbrig\u00f0i\u00f0 er \u00fea\u00f0 sem var spurt um \u00ed \u201eM\u00e1lspjalli\u201c \u00ed g\u00e6r \u2013 l\u00fdsingarh\u00e6ttir eins og skildn<\/strong>ir <\/em>(eftir<\/em>), valdn<\/strong>ir <\/em>og faldn<\/strong>ir <\/em>sem fyrirspyrjandi sag\u00f0ist hafa heyrt \u00ed sta\u00f0 skildir<\/em>, valdir <\/em>og faldir<\/em>. \u00dearna er d<\/em>-inu (sem er or\u00f0i\u00f0 til \u00far n<\/em> \u00ed -in-<\/em>) haldi\u00f0 eins og \u00fea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri hluti r\u00f3tarinnar og l\u00fdsingarh\u00e1ttarvi\u00f0skeytinu -in<\/em>- (sem ver\u00f0ur -n- <\/em>\u00e1 undan s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0i) b\u00e6tt \u00fear vi\u00f0. Fyrirspyrjandi velti fyrir s\u00e9r hvort \u00feetta v\u00e6ri n\u00fdtt en svo vir\u00f0ist ekki vera. \u00cd Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1959 segir: \u201e\u00ed unglingalandsli\u00f0inu voru 4 menn sem \u00e6finlega hafa veri\u00f0 valdnir til landsli\u00f0sins \u00e1 \u00feessu \u00e1ri.\u201c \u00cd DV <\/em>2001 segir: \u201eV\u00edrka\u00f0larnir eru faldnir \u00ed fja\u00f0ur\u00f6rmum.\u201c \u00cd DV <\/em>2005 segir: \u201ed\u00e6mi v\u00e6ru um menn me\u00f0 hundra\u00f0 l\u00edtra k\u00fata faldna \u00ed rot\u00fer\u00f3nni hj\u00e1 s\u00e9r.\u201c \u00cd DV <\/em>2006 segir: \u201eFaldnar myndav\u00e9lar.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00dearna er l\u00fdsingarh\u00e1ttarvi\u00f0skeyti\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed raun tv\u00edt\u00e1kna\u00f0 \u00ed s\u00f6mu or\u00f0myndum, b\u00e6\u00f0i me\u00f0 d<\/em> og n<\/em>. Sl\u00edkt er raunar ekki einsd\u00e6mi ef um \u00f3gagns\u00e6jar hlj\u00f3\u00f0breytingar er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a. \u00cd myndum eins og heilli <\/em>\/ heillar <\/em>og seinni <\/em>\/ seinnar <\/em>\u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gufalli og eignarfalli eint\u00f6lu kvenkyns af l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0unum heill <\/em>og seinn <\/em>er ll <\/em>\/ nn<\/em> (bori\u00f0 fram dl<\/em> og dn<\/em>) or\u00f0i\u00f0 til \u00far l-r <\/em>og n-r <\/em>\u2013 heil-ri<\/em> \/ heil-rar<\/em>, sein-ri<\/em> \/ sein-rar<\/em>, sbr. g\u00f3\u00f0-ri<\/em> \/ g\u00f3\u00f0-rar<\/em>. En vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er ekki s\u00e9rlega gagns\u00e6tt a\u00f0 r<\/em> liggi \u00fearna a\u00f0 baki eru \u00fdmis d\u00e6mi um a\u00f0 venjulegum endingum \u00fe\u00e1gufalls og eignarfalls s\u00e9 b\u00e6tt vi\u00f0 ll<\/em> \/ nn<\/em> (\u00fe.e. dl<\/em> \/ dn<\/em>) og sagt heillr<\/strong>i <\/em>\/ heillr<\/strong>ar, seinnr<\/strong>i<\/em> \/ seinnr<\/strong>ar<\/em>. \u00dear me\u00f0 er fallendingin \u00ed raun tv\u00edt\u00e1knu\u00f0, \u00fe.e.a.s. r<\/em>-i\u00f0 \u00ed henni \u2013 b\u00e6\u00f0i sem hluti ll <\/em>\/ nn<\/em> (\u00fe.e. dl <\/em>\/ dn<\/em>) og \u00ed -ri <\/em>\/ -rar <\/em>sem er b\u00e6tt \u00fear vi\u00f0.<\/p>\n

Sameiginlegt \u00feessum fr\u00e1vikum fr\u00e1 hef\u00f0bundinni beygingu er sem s\u00e9 a\u00f0 stofn or\u00f0anna helst ekki eins \u00ed \u00f6llum beygingarmyndum, og tengsl stofntilbrig\u00f0anna eru \u00f3gagns\u00e6 \u00ed \u00feeim skilningi a\u00f0 hlj\u00f3\u00f0in sem skiptast \u00e1 eru ekki s\u00e9rlega l\u00edk og v\u00edxl \u00feeirra ekki s\u00e9rlega algeng. \u00deetta getur valdi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 m\u00e1lnotendum finnist eitthva\u00f0 vanta \u2013 \u00ed d\u00e6mum eins og heilli <\/em>\/ heillar <\/em>og seinni <\/em>\/ seinnar <\/em>finnst \u00feeim vanta hina venjulegu -ri<\/em> \/ -ra<\/em>-endingu, og \u00ed d\u00e6mum eins og skildir<\/em>, valdir<\/em> og faldir <\/em>finnst \u00feeim vanta hi\u00f0 venjulega -<\/em>(i<\/em>)n<\/em>-vi\u00f0skeyti. \u00cd sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 ergja okkur yfir \u00feessum \u201evillum\u201c \u00e6ttum vi\u00f0 \u00ed raun a\u00f0 gle\u00f0jast \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6r s\u00fdna a\u00f0 kerfi\u00f0 sj\u00e1lft stendur sterkt \u00ed huga m\u00e1lnotenda. En \u00e9g m\u00e6li samt me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 h\u00f6ldum okkur vi\u00f0 hef\u00f0bundna beygingu \u00ed \u00feessum d\u00e6mum.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u00fdsingarh\u00e1ttur \u00fe\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0ar af sterkum s\u00f6gnum, sem og veikum s\u00f6gnum me\u00f0 j \u00ed stofni, er mynda\u00f0ur me\u00f0 vi\u00f0skeytinu -in-: bit-in-, fal-in-, les-in-, sta\u00f0-in-, tek-in-; bar-in-, tal-in-, val-in-, af b\u00edta, fela, lesa, standa; taka, berja, telja, velja. Aftan vi\u00f0 \u00feetta koma svo endingar kyns, falls og t\u00f6lu. Ef beygingarending hefst \u00e1 s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0i er \u00fea\u00f0 almenn regla \u00ed […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8042","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8042","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8042"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8042\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8045,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8042\/revisions\/8045"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8042"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8042"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8042"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}