{"id":8249,"date":"2026-08-06T23:02:03","date_gmt":"2026-08-06T23:02:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=8249"},"modified":"2026-08-06T23:02:03","modified_gmt":"2026-08-06T23:02:03","slug":"tvimyndir-og-hljodavixl-i-beygingu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2026\/08\/06\/tvimyndir-og-hljodavixl-i-beygingu\/","title":{"rendered":"Tv\u00edmyndir og hlj\u00f3\u00f0av\u00edxl \u00ed beygingu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Nafnor\u00f0 sem enda \u00e1 <em>-u\u00f0ur <\/em>og hafa <em>\u00f6 <\/em>\u00ed stofni eru \u00e1hugaver\u00f0 vegna tv\u00edmynda og hlj\u00f3\u00f0av\u00edxla \u00ed beygingu sem eru \u00ed sumum \u00feeirra \u2013 einkum or\u00f0unum <em>f\u00f6gnu\u00f0ur<\/em>, <em>j\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur<\/em> og <em>s\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur<\/em>. \u00deessi or\u00f0 hafa \u00feegar \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li einnig myndir me\u00f0 <em>a <\/em>\u00ed nefnifalli \u2013 <em>fagna\u00f0ur<\/em>, <em>jafna\u00f0ur <\/em>og <em>safna\u00f0ur<\/em>. \u00deau koma \u00f6ll fyrir \u00ed \u00fdmsum samsetningum og \u00fe\u00e1 er \u00fdmist hvor myndin er notu\u00f0 og hvor er algengari ef b\u00e1\u00f0ar eru til. Venjulega er sagt <em>mannfagna\u00f0ur <\/em>\u00fe\u00f3tt <em>mannf\u00f6gnu\u00f0ur <\/em>s\u00e9 einnig til, <em>mannj\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur <\/em>\u00fe\u00f3tt <em>mannjafna\u00f0ur <\/em>s\u00e9 einnig til, <em>manns\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur <\/em>\u00fe\u00f3tt <em>mannsafna\u00f0ur <\/em>s\u00e9 einnig til, <em>afm\u00e6lisfagna\u00f0ur <\/em>\u00fe\u00f3tt <em>afm\u00e6lisf\u00f6gnu\u00f0ur <\/em>s\u00e9 einnig til, <em>\u00f3j\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur <\/em>\u00fe\u00f3tt <em>\u00f3jafna\u00f0ur <\/em>s\u00e9 einnig til, <em>li\u00f0safna\u00f0ur <\/em>\u00fe\u00f3tt <em>li\u00f0s\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur <\/em>s\u00e9 einnig til. Stundum er merkingar- e\u00f0a bl\u00e6munur \u00e1 myndunum.<\/p>\n<p>Myndir me\u00f0 <em>a <\/em>\u00ed stofni halda \u00fev\u00ed hlj\u00f3\u00f0i \u00ed allri beygingunni nema \u00fe\u00e1gufalli fleirt\u00f6lu, en myndir me\u00f0 <em>\u00f6 <\/em>\u00ed stofni f\u00e1 stundum <em>a <\/em>\u00ed sta\u00f0inn \u00ed eignarfalli eint\u00f6lu og fleirt\u00f6lu. \u00deannig er eignarfall eint\u00f6lu af <em>f\u00f6gnu\u00f0ur <\/em>\u00fdmist <em>f\u00f6gnu\u00f0ar <\/em>e\u00f0a <em>fagna\u00f0ar<\/em>, af <em>j\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur <\/em>\u00fdmist <em>j\u00f6fnu\u00f0ar <\/em>e\u00f0a <em>jafna\u00f0ar<\/em>, og af <em>s\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur <\/em>\u00fdmist <em>s\u00f6fnu\u00f0ar <\/em>e\u00f0a <em>safna\u00f0ar<\/em>. \u00cd fleirt\u00f6lunni er eignarfalli\u00f0 af <em>f\u00f6gnu\u00f0ur <\/em>\u00fdmist <em>f\u00f6gnu\u00f0a <\/em>e\u00f0a <em>fagna\u00f0a<\/em>, af <em>s\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur <\/em>\u00fdmist <em>s\u00f6fnu\u00f0a <\/em>e\u00f0a <em>safna\u00f0a<\/em>, en <em>j\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur <\/em>er yfirleitt ekki haft \u00ed fleirt\u00f6lu. \u00cd fornu m\u00e1li h\u00f6f\u00f0u \u00feessi or\u00f0 l\u00edka <em>a <\/em>\u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gufalli eint\u00f6lu og nefnifalli og \u00feolfalli fleirt\u00f6lu \u2013 <em>f\u00f6gnu\u00f0ur <\/em>beyg\u00f0ist \u00feannig <em>f\u00f6gnu\u00f0ur \u2013 f\u00f6gnu\u00f0 \u2013 fagna\u00f0i \u2013 fagna\u00f0ar<\/em> \u00ed eint\u00f6lu, <em>fagna\u00f0ir \u2013 fagna\u00f0i \u2013 f\u00f6gnu\u00f0um \u2013 fagna\u00f0a<\/em> \u00ed fleirt\u00f6lu. \u00dearna hafa sem s\u00e9 or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1hrifsbreytingar \u00ed b\u00e1\u00f0ar \u00e1ttir.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u00f0 hli\u00f0 nefnifallsmynda me\u00f0 <em>\u00f6<\/em>, eins og <em>f\u00f6gnu\u00f0ur<\/em>, hafa or\u00f0i\u00f0 til nefnifallsmyndir me\u00f0 <em>a<\/em>, eins og <em>fagna\u00f0ur<\/em>, fyrir \u00e1hrif fr\u00e1 aukafallsmyndum me\u00f0 <em>a<\/em>, eins og <em>fagna\u00f0i <\/em>og <em>fagna\u00f0ar<\/em>. \u00cd beygingu \u00feeirra mynda sem h\u00e9ldu <em>\u00f6 <\/em>\u00ed nefnifalli hafa svo myndir me\u00f0 <em>\u00f6<\/em>, eins og <em>f\u00f6gnu\u00f0i<\/em> og <em>f\u00f6gnu\u00f0ir<\/em>, oft komi\u00f0 \u00ed sta\u00f0 mynda me\u00f0 <em>a<\/em>, eins og <em>fagna\u00f0i<\/em> og <em>fagna\u00f0ir<\/em>. En einnig eru til or\u00f0 me\u00f0 s\u00f6mu stofnger\u00f0 sem hvorki hafa tv\u00edmyndir n\u00e9 v\u00edxla hlj\u00f3\u00f0um \u00ed beygingu, heldur hafa alltaf <em>\u00f6<\/em>. \u00deetta eru gerandnafnor\u00f0 eins og <em>fr\u00f6mu\u00f0ur<\/em>, <em>h\u00f6nnu\u00f0ur <\/em>og <em>k\u00f6nnu\u00f0ur<\/em>. Engin d\u00e6mi eru um myndir eins og *<em>frama\u00f0ur<\/em>, *<em>hanna\u00f0ur <\/em>e\u00f0a *<em>kanna\u00f0ur<\/em>, og <em>\u00f6 <\/em>helst l\u00edka \u00ed eignarfalli \u00feessara or\u00f0a \u2013 <em>fr\u00f6mu\u00f0ar<\/em>, <em>h\u00f6nnu\u00f0ar<\/em>, <em>k\u00f6nnu\u00f0ar<\/em> \u00ed eignarfalli eint\u00f6lu og <em>fr\u00f6mu\u00f0a<\/em>, <em>h\u00f6nnu\u00f0a<\/em>, <em>k\u00f6nnu\u00f0a<\/em> \u00ed eignarfalli fleirt\u00f6lu.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dea\u00f0 m\u00e1 \u00fe\u00f3 finna einst\u00f6ku d\u00e6mi um a\u00f0 \u00feessi or\u00f0 f\u00e1i <em>a <\/em>\u00ed eignarfalli eins og or\u00f0in \u00ed hinum h\u00f3pnum. \u00cd <em>Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1984 segir: \u00dea\u00f0 hefur nokku\u00f0 bori\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed [...] a\u00f0 f\u00f3lk hafi ekki r\u00e9ttan skilning \u00e1 starfi fatahanna\u00f0arins.\u201c \u00cd <em>Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1981 segir: \u201eeins og einn fatahanna\u00f0anna kemst a\u00f0 or\u00f0i.\u201c \u00cd <em>Vikunni <\/em>1949 segir: \u201eH\u00f6fundur hennar er fr\u00fa Evelyn Stef\u00e1nsson, kona Vilhj\u00e1lms landkanna\u00f0ar.\u201c \u00cd <em>B\u00fana\u00f0arritinu <\/em>1936 segir: \u201eSkyrbj\u00fagur hefur veri\u00f0 h\u00f6fu\u00f0fjandi landkanna\u00f0a.\u201c En \u00feessi d\u00e6mi eru \u00f6rf\u00e1 og \u00e9g hef engin d\u00e6mi fundi\u00f0 um eignarfallsmyndirnar *<em>frama\u00f0ar<\/em> e\u00f0a *<em>frama\u00f0a <\/em>af <em>fr\u00f6mu\u00f0ur<\/em>. \u00dearna er l\u00edka um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a \u00e1hrifsbreytingu, en af \u00f6\u00f0ru tagi \u2013 ekki fr\u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum f\u00f6llum sama or\u00f0s eins og \u00ed hinum d\u00e6munum, heldur fr\u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0ru beygingarmynstri.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nafnor\u00f0 sem enda \u00e1 -u\u00f0ur og hafa \u00f6 \u00ed stofni eru \u00e1hugaver\u00f0 vegna tv\u00edmynda og hlj\u00f3\u00f0av\u00edxla \u00ed beygingu sem eru \u00ed sumum \u00feeirra \u2013 einkum or\u00f0unum f\u00f6gnu\u00f0ur, j\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur og s\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur. \u00deessi or\u00f0 hafa \u00feegar \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li einnig myndir me\u00f0 a \u00ed nefnifalli \u2013 fagna\u00f0ur, jafna\u00f0ur og safna\u00f0ur. \u00deau koma \u00f6ll fyrir \u00ed \u00fdmsum samsetningum [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8249","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8249","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8249"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8249\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8250,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8249\/revisions\/8250"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8249"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8249"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8249"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}