{"id":8343,"date":"2026-10-09T15:25:05","date_gmt":"2026-10-09T15:25:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=8343"},"modified":"2026-10-09T15:25:05","modified_gmt":"2026-10-09T15:25:05","slug":"dekk-og-felgur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2026\/10\/09\/dekk-og-felgur\/","title":{"rendered":"Dekk og felgur"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u00fdlega f\u00f3r \u00e9g me\u00f0 b\u00edlinn minn \u00ed dekkjaskipti og f\u00f3r \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0 velta fyrir m\u00e9r helstu or\u00f0um sem notu\u00f0 eru \u00ed tengslum vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0ger\u00f0. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 dekk <\/em>kom inn \u00ed m\u00e1li\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00e1tj\u00e1ndu \u00f6ld, \u00far d\u00e6k<\/em> \u00ed d\u00f6nsku, og er skylt nafnor\u00f0inu \u00feak <\/em>og s\u00f6gninni \u00feekja<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 hefur \u00fdmsar merkingar samkv\u00e6mt<\/a> \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0sifjab\u00f3k<\/em>: 'grasbekkur framan vi\u00f0 b\u00e6jar\u00feil e\u00f0a sm\u00e1grashjalli vi\u00f0 h\u00fas; grasr\u00e6ma utan vi\u00f0 vegarbr\u00fan; \u00feilfar \u00e1 skipi; skj\u00f3l\u00feak e\u00f0a hl\u00edf; hj\u00f3lbar\u00f0i\u2019. Elsta d\u00e6mi um s\u00ed\u00f0astnefndu merkinguna er \u00ed \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0\u00f3lfi <\/em>1905: \u201eS\u00f6mulei\u00f0is dekk, sl\u00f6ngur o.m.m.fl.\u201c \u00dear og \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum elstu d\u00e6mum um \u00feessa merkingu er v\u00edsa\u00f0 til rei\u00f0hj\u00f3ladekkja en elsta d\u00e6mi um a\u00f0 v\u00edsa\u00f0 s\u00e9 til dekkja <\/em>\u00e1 b\u00edl er \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1915: \u201ever\u00f0ur \u00fear gert vi\u00f0 dekk og sl\u00f6ngur af bifrei\u00f0um og hj\u00f3lhestum.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00cd Beygingarl\u00fdsingu \u00edslensks n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1ls <\/em>er \u00fe\u00e1gufall fleirt\u00f6lu eing\u00f6ngu haft<\/a> dekkjum <\/em>og eignarfall fleirt\u00f6lu dekkja<\/em>, en \u00ed elstu d\u00e6mum er beyging or\u00f0sins j-<\/em>laus. \u00cd Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1916 segir: \u201eMiklar birg\u00f0ir af dekkum og sl\u00f6ngum me\u00f0 15 m\u00e1na\u00f0a \u00e1byrg\u00f0.\u201c \u00de\u00e1gufall fleirt\u00f6lu me\u00f0 j<\/em> s\u00e9st ekki fyrr en \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1927: \u201ereyni\u00f0 \u00feessa \u00e1g\u00e6tu tegund, n\u00e6st er \u00fejer \u00feurfi\u00f0 \u00e1 dekkjum a\u00f0 halda.\u201c Elsta d\u00e6mi um eignarfall fleirt\u00f6lu er \u00ed Stormi <\/em>1928: \u201e1928 var ekki eftirb\u00e1tur undanfarinna \u00e1ra um st\u00f3rkostlega aukningu \u00e1 s\u00f6lu Good-year b\u00edladekka.\u201c Eignarfall fleirt\u00f6lu me\u00f0 j <\/em>s\u00e9st ekki fyrr en \u00ed T\u00edmanum <\/em>1951: \u201eBifrei\u00f0in er G.M.C. 10 dekkja.\u201c Samkv\u00e6mt uppruna \u00e6ttu \u00feessi f\u00f6ll ekki a\u00f0 hafa j <\/em>en \u00fea\u00f0 hefur komi\u00f0 inn fyrir \u00e1hrif fr\u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum or\u00f0um.<\/p>\n

Af nafnor\u00f0inu dekk <\/em>hefur veri\u00f0 myndu\u00f0 s\u00f6gnin dekkja <\/em>\u00ed merkingunni 'setja (vetrar)dekk undir' en h\u00fan er s\u00e1rasjaldg\u00e6f og finnst ekki \u00ed or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum. \u00cd V\u00edsi <\/em>1971 segir: \u201egreinilegt a\u00f0 fj\u00f6ldinn hefur dregi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed lengstu l\u00f6g a\u00f0 dekkja b\u00edla s\u00edna fyrir veturinn.\u201c \u00cd Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>2018 segir: \u201eL\u00e1ttu fagmenn dekkja b\u00edlinn.\u201c L\u00fdsingaror\u00f0i\u00f0 dekkja\u00f0ur <\/em>sem a\u00f0 forminu til l\u00edtur \u00fat eins og l\u00fdsingarh\u00e1ttur \u00fe\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0ar af dekkja<\/em> og vir\u00f0ist eing\u00f6ngu koma fyrir me\u00f0 atviksor\u00f0i, vel<\/em>\/illa dekkja\u00f0ur<\/em> \u00ed merkingunni '\u00e1 g\u00f3\u00f0um\/vondum dekkjum', er hins vegar t\u00f6luvert algengara \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 ekki a\u00f0 finna \u00ed or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum frekar en s\u00f6gnina. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00f3 ekki n\u00fdtt \u2013 elsta d\u00e6mi sem \u00e9g finn er \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1943: \u201eB\u00edllinn er me\u00f0 n\u00fdrri vjel og s\u00e6milega dekkja\u00f0ur.\u201c<\/p>\n

M\u00e1lhreinsunarstefnan var mj\u00f6g sterk \u00e1 fyrsta hluta tuttugustu aldar og ekki vi\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0ru a\u00f0 b\u00faast en reynt v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 sm\u00ed\u00f0a al\u00edslenskt or\u00f0 \u00ed sta\u00f0inn fyrir t\u00f6kuor\u00f0i eins og dekk<\/em>. \u00cd lista um \u201eOr\u00f0 \u00far vi\u00f0skiftam\u00e1li\u201c sem Or\u00f0anefnd Verkfr\u00e6\u00f0ingafjelagsins haf\u00f0i teki\u00f0 saman og birtist \u00ed Lesb\u00f3k Morgunbla\u00f0sins <\/em>1925 var \u00ed sta\u00f0 or\u00f0sins dekk <\/em>stungi\u00f0 upp \u00e1 or\u00f0unum bar\u00f0i<\/em>, b\u00edlbar\u00f0i <\/em>og hj\u00f3lbar\u00f0i<\/em>. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 bar\u00f0i <\/em>eitt og s\u00e9r getur merkt<\/a> 'skj\u00f6ldur', 'hl\u00edf' e\u00f0a eitthva\u00f0 sl\u00edkt, sbr. bar\u00f0 <\/em>sem getur merkt 'skegg', og er \u00fea\u00f0 tr\u00falega hugsunin \u00e1 bak vi\u00f0 \u00feessi or\u00f0. Af \u00feessum or\u00f0um er hj\u00f3lbar\u00f0i <\/em>\u00fea\u00f0 eina sem hefur lifa\u00f0 \u2013 f\u00e1ein d\u00e6mi m\u00e1 finna um b\u00edlbar\u00f0a <\/em>fram \u00e1 fimmta \u00e1ratuginn. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 bar\u00f0i <\/em>er \u00fe\u00f3 stundum nota\u00f0 sem stytting, og til er dekkjaverkst\u00e6\u00f0i sem heitir Bar\u00f0inn<\/em>.<\/p>\n

En til a\u00f0 dekk <\/em>n\u00fdtist undir b\u00edl \u00fearf \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 vera \u00e1 felgu<\/em>. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 felga <\/em>er l\u00edka t\u00f6kuor\u00f0 \u00far d\u00f6nsku, f\u00e6lg<\/em>. Elsta d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00ed augl\u00fdsingu um \u201eN\u00fdkomnar bifrei\u00f0av\u00f6rur\u201c \u00ed V\u00edsi <\/em>1920 \u00fear sem m.a. eru taldir upp \u201ehj\u00f3lhringir (felgur)\u201c. Elsta d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 hj\u00f3lhringur <\/em>er reyndar fr\u00e1 1879 en \u00fea\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist hafa veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fdmsum merkingum sem ekki er alltaf gott a\u00f0 \u00e1tta sig \u00e1. Stundum vir\u00f0ist \u00fea\u00f0 einfaldlega merkja 'hj\u00f3l' (t.d. \u00ed rokk) en alloft merkir \u00fea\u00f0 'dekk', eins og \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1929: \u201eEn hj\u00f3lhringur sprakk \u00e1 l\u00f6greglub\u00edlnum.\u201c \u00dea\u00f0 er ekki a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 hafi nokkurn t\u00edma veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0 a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0i \u00ed merkingunni \u201afelga\u2018 og raunar s\u00e9 \u00e9g ekki a\u00f0 nokkurt n\u00fdyr\u00f0i fyrir felgu <\/em>hafi komi\u00f0 fram \u2013 og hafi\u00a0 \u00fea\u00f0 veri\u00f0 sm\u00ed\u00f0a\u00f0 hefur \u00fea\u00f0 a.m.k. ekki n\u00e1\u00f0 f\u00f3tfestu.<\/p>\n

Ef dekk springur \u00fearf a\u00f0 skipta um dekk<\/em>, en \u00feegar skipt er um dekk af annarri \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0u, einkum \u00feegar skipt er milli sumar- og vetrardekkja, er oftast tala\u00f0 um a\u00f0 umfelga<\/em>. S\u00fa s\u00f6gn er ekki nema fimmt\u00edu \u00e1ra g\u00f6mul \u2013 \u00ed \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0viljanum <\/em>1975 segir: \u201e\u00de\u00e1 flykkjast allir a\u00f0 og \u00feurfa a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta umfelga \u00ed ofbo\u00f0i.\u201c Nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 umfelgun<\/em> kemur einnig fyrir \u00ed s\u00f6mu fr\u00e9tt: \u201eumfelgun \u00e1 dekki, \u00fe.e. a\u00f0 f\u00e6ra sumardekkin af og setja snj\u00f3dekkin \u00e1.\u201c \u00dearna hefur \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 sk\u00fdra or\u00f0i\u00f0 umfelgun<\/em>. S\u00f6gnin felga <\/em>ein og s\u00e9r kemur hins vegar varla fyrir, nema \u00ed augl\u00fdsingum fr\u00e1 \u00e1ttunda og n\u00edunda \u00e1ratugnum \u2013 \u201eFelgum \u2013 affelgum \u2013 neglum\u201c. S\u00f6gnin affelga <\/em>og nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 affelgun <\/em>eru annars helst notu\u00f0 um \u00f3h\u00f6pp \u2013 \u201eEinnig er h\u00e6tta \u00e1 a\u00f0 affelga \u00ed hli\u00f0arhalla\u201c segir \u00ed Degi <\/em>1998.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u00fdlega f\u00f3r \u00e9g me\u00f0 b\u00edlinn minn \u00ed dekkjaskipti og f\u00f3r \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0 velta fyrir m\u00e9r helstu or\u00f0um sem notu\u00f0 eru \u00ed tengslum vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0ger\u00f0. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 dekk kom inn \u00ed m\u00e1li\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00e1tj\u00e1ndu \u00f6ld, \u00far d\u00e6k \u00ed d\u00f6nsku, og er skylt nafnor\u00f0inu \u00feak og s\u00f6gninni \u00feekja. \u00dea\u00f0 hefur \u00fdmsar merkingar samkv\u00e6mt \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0sifjab\u00f3k: 'grasbekkur framan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8343","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8343","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8343"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8343\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8344,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8343\/revisions\/8344"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8343"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8343"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8343"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}