\u00c1 d\u00f6gunum \u00e1tti \u00e9g lei\u00f0 um Jakarta, h\u00f6fu\u00f0borg fj\u00f3r\u00f0a fj\u00f6lmennasta r\u00edkis heims \u2013 Ind\u00f3nes\u00edu. \u00c9g var staddur s\u00ed\u00f0degis \u00ed gamla b\u00e6num, Kota Tua<\/em>, \u00feegar f\u00f3r a\u00f0 rigna. Og \u00fea\u00f0 engin mild \u00edslensk rigning, heldur hressilegt hitabeltis\u00farfelli. \u00c9g leita\u00f0i skj\u00f3ls undir tjaldi hj\u00e1 g\u00f6tus\u00f6lum sem h\u00f6f\u00f0u sett upp matarvagna s\u00edna \u00fearna. \u00c1 skammri stundu breyttust g\u00f6turnar \u00ed flj\u00f3t. En matarvagnaeigendurnir l\u00e9tu \u00feetta ekkert \u00e1 sig f\u00e1 og h\u00e9ldu \u00e1fram a\u00f0 afgrei\u00f0a sate kambing<\/em> og nasi goreng<\/em> ofan \u00ed vi\u00f0skiptavinina. \u00c9g f\u00e9kk m\u00e9r a\u00f0 bor\u00f0a og spjalla\u00f0i vi\u00f0 f\u00f3lki\u00f0 \u00e1 me\u00f0an \u00e9g bei\u00f0 af m\u00e9r dembuna. Og \u00e9g f\u00f3r a\u00f0 lei\u00f0a hugann a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed umhverfi sem \u00edb\u00faar \u00f6rt vaxandi st\u00f3rborga, og Jakarta s\u00e9r \u00ed lagi, \u00feurfa a\u00f0 gl\u00edma vi\u00f0 daglega.<\/p>\n

$\"\"$ <\/a>
Fr\u00e1 Jakarta.<\/p><\/div>\n
Margar af st\u00e6rstu borgum heimsins m\u00e1 finna \u00ed As\u00edu. \u00dear \u00e1 me\u00f0al er Jakarta \u00e1samt samv\u00f6xnum \u00fatborgum. Borgarfl\u00e6mi \u00fea\u00f0 sem myndar st\u00f3r-Jakarta (e\u00f0a \u201eJabodetabek\u201c, eins og sv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 er kalla\u00f0 opinberlega \u2013 Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang og Bekasi) telur n\u00fa r\u00famlega \u00ferj\u00e1t\u00edu millj\u00f3nir \u00edb\u00faa og \u00feekur hvorki meira n\u00e9 minna en t\u00e6pa 6.400 km^{2<\/sup>. \u00cd sj\u00e1lfri Jakarta er bygg\u00f0in \u00fe\u00e9ttust. \u00dear b\u00faa um t\u00edu millj\u00f3nir manna \u00e1 660 km^{2<\/sup>, sem \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir a\u00f0 minnsta kosti 15.000 manns \u00e1 hvern ferk\u00edl\u00f3metra a\u00f0 jafna\u00f0i.<\/p>\n}}
Borgin er bygg\u00f0 \u00e1 frambur\u00f0arsl\u00e9ttu vestast \u00e1 nor\u00f0urstr\u00f6nd J\u00f6vu, en meginhluti sl\u00e9ttunnar er a\u00f0eins r\u00e9tt yfir sj\u00e1varm\u00e1li. \u00dea\u00f0 voru Hollendingar sem bygg\u00f0u \u00fearna hafnarborgina Batav\u00edu \u00e1 n\u00fdlendutimanum, en s\u00ed\u00f0an hefur miki\u00f0 vatn runni\u00f0 til sj\u00e1var, \u00ed b\u00f3kstaflegri merkingu, og mi\u00f0borgin er n\u00fa nokkrum k\u00edl\u00f3metrum sunnar. Handan sl\u00e9ttunnar taka vi\u00f0 h\u00e6\u00f0ir og fj\u00f6ll, \u00fear \u00e1 me\u00f0al hin t\u00e6plega 3000 m h\u00e1a eldkeila Gunung Gede.<\/p>\n
Af sj\u00e1lfu lei\u00f0ir a\u00f0 umhverfism\u00e1lin eru fyrirfer\u00f0armiki\u00f0 \u00farlausnarefni \u00ed risaborg eins og \u00feessari. \u00cdb\u00faar Jakarta \u00feurfa a\u00f0 gl\u00edma vi\u00f0 svipu\u00f0 sl\u00edk m\u00e1l og \u00edb\u00faar annarra borga, en lega hennar og n\u00e1tt\u00farufarslegar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur skapa \u00fe\u00f3 s\u00e9rst\u00f6k skilyr\u00f0i, auk \u00feess sem skipulag borgarinnar \u2013 e\u00f0a skortur \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed \u2013 hefur ekki or\u00f0i\u00f0 til a\u00f0 minnka vandann.<\/p>\n
Fl\u00f3\u00f0<\/a>\u00a0eru \u00e1rviss vi\u00f0bur\u00f0ur \u00ed borginni. \u00dearna er mons\u00fanloftslag, me\u00f0 l\u00f6ngum regnt\u00edma sem n\u00e6r h\u00e1marki \u00ed byrjun \u00e1rs \u2013 \u00ed jan\u00faar og febr\u00faar rignir a\u00f0 jafna\u00f0i um 300 mm \u00ed hvorum m\u00e1nu\u00f0i, oft me\u00f0 miklu steypiregni. Um borgarlandi\u00f0 renna \u00ferett\u00e1n \u00e1r, sem eiga uppt\u00f6k s\u00edn \u00ed h\u00e6\u00f0unum umhverfis. \u00dear hefur veri\u00f0 gengi\u00f0 hart a\u00f0 sk\u00f3gi og geta landsins til a\u00f0 tempra vatnsrennsli hefur veri\u00f0 verulega skert af \u00feeim s\u00f6kum. Borgarbygg\u00f0in hefur s\u00ed\u00f0an eins og gefur a\u00f0 skilja \u00ferengt a\u00f0 afrennsliskerfinu. \u00cd sta\u00f0 vatna og votlendissv\u00e6\u00f0a, sem t\u00f3ku vi\u00f0 umframvatni \u00e1\u00f0ur, eru komin verksmi\u00f0juhverfi, \u00edb\u00faabygg\u00f0 og g\u00f6tur \u2013 \u00f3gegndr\u00e6pt yfirbor\u00f0. Bygg\u00f0in n\u00e6r v\u00ed\u00f0ast alveg ni\u00f0ur \u00e1 \u00e1rbakkana og \u00ed farvegina hefur einnig sm\u00e1m saman safnast \u00fdmis konar rusl, sem t\u00e1lmar rennsli. \u00deegar ni\u00f0ur \u00ed borgina kemur er aflei\u00f0ingin s\u00fa a\u00f0 vatni\u00f0 fl\u00e6\u00f0ir upp \u00far farvegum og setur jafnvel drj\u00fagan hluta borgarinnar \u00e1 kaf \u00e1 regnt\u00edmanum.<\/p>\n
\u00d6nnur \u00f3gn sem ste\u00f0jar a\u00f0 Jakarta, og sem einnig er af manna v\u00f6ldum, er landsig<\/a>. Miki\u00f0 af borgarlandinu hefur sigi\u00f0 sm\u00e1tt og sm\u00e1tt \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1ratugum. Ors\u00f6kin er a\u00f0 st\u00f3rum hluta einfaldlega \u00feungi borgarbygg\u00f0arinnar, ekki s\u00edst fj\u00f6lmargra og n\u00ed\u00f0\u00feungra sk\u00fdjaklj\u00fafa, sem sprotti\u00f0 hafa upp. En einnig er \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0an \u00f3t\u00e6pileg d\u00e6ling grunnvatns \u00far jar\u00f0l\u00f6gum undir borginni, \u00fea\u00f0an sem megni\u00f0 af neysluvatni hennar er fengi\u00f0. Sigi\u00f0 er ekkert sm\u00e1r\u00e6\u00f0i. Sums sta\u00f0ar er \u00fea\u00f0 komi\u00f0 vel yfir metra n\u00fa \u00feegar og er hra\u00f0i \u00feess fr\u00e1 \u00feremur til t\u00edu sentimetrum \u00e1 \u00e1ri um \u00feessar mundir, jafnvel meiri sums sta\u00f0ar. Ekki \u00fearf<\/p>\n
$\"\"$
Strandhverfi \u00ed Jakarta.<\/p><\/div>\n
miki\u00f0 \u00edmyndunarafl til a\u00f0 skilja a\u00f0 \u00feetta hefur gert strandhverfin \u00ed nor\u00f0urhluta borgarinnar afar berskj\u00f6ldu\u00f0 fyrir \u00e1gangi sj\u00e1var \u2013 drj\u00fagur hluti borgarlandsins er raunar \u00feegar kominn undir sj\u00e1varm\u00e1l. En einnig veldur landsigi\u00f0 ska\u00f0a \u00e1 \u00fdmsum innvi\u00f0um, svo sem vatns- og sk\u00f3lpl\u00f6gnum. Ska\u00f0inn er ske\u00f0ur og \u00f3m\u00f6gulegt er a\u00f0 sn\u00faa \u00feessari \u00fer\u00f3un vi\u00f0. Unnt v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 h\u00e6gja \u00e1 landsiginu me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 h\u00e6tta a\u00f0 d\u00e6la ferskvatni \u00far j\u00f6r\u00f0u, en til \u00feess \u00feyrfti mikil vatnsveitumannvirki, sem ekki eru \u00ed augs\u00fdn.<\/p>\n
\u00dea\u00f0 sama gildir \u00ed Jakarta og svo v\u00ed\u00f0a annars sta\u00f0ar \u00ed ver\u00f6ldinni \u00feegar umhverfisvandi l\u00e6tur \u00e1 s\u00e9r kr\u00e6la: Hann bitnar mest \u00e1 \u00feeim sem s\u00edst skyldi. \u00deeir sem meiri fj\u00e1rr\u00e1\u00f0 hafa flytja anna\u00f0 hvort \u00ed \u00fathverfin, \u00fear sem \u00fe\u00e9ttleikinn er minni, e\u00f0a \u00ed h\u00e1a \u00edb\u00fa\u00f0aturna \u00fear sem \u00feeir geta liti\u00f0 ni\u00f0ur \u00e1 vatnselginn og \u00fe\u00e1 sem vi\u00f0 hann \u00feurfa a\u00f0 b\u00faa. \u00dea\u00f0 eru hinir f\u00e1t\u00e6ku sem sitja \u00ed s\u00fapunni. \u00deeir hafa fundi\u00f0 s\u00e9r samasta\u00f0 \u00ed st\u00f3rborginni \u00e1 st\u00f6\u00f0um sem \u00feeir efnameiri for\u00f0ast, oft \u00e1 einskismannslandi. F\u00e1t\u00e6krahverfi Jakarta eru risavaxin. L\u00e1gvaxnar sk\u00fara\u00feyrpingarnar m\u00e1 sj\u00e1 \u00e1 \u00e1rb\u00f6kkum, undir hra\u00f0brautum, vi\u00f0 j\u00e1rnbrautarteinana og ni\u00f0ri vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fnina. \u00dev\u00ed mi\u00f0ur hafa margar a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir borgaryfirvalda til a\u00f0 for\u00f0a frekara tj\u00f3ni af v\u00f6ldum fl\u00f3\u00f0a fali\u00f0 \u00ed s\u00e9r a\u00f0 senda jar\u00f0\u00fdtur \u00e1 vettvang til a\u00f0 jafna sl\u00edk hverfi vi\u00f0 j\u00f6r\u00f0u svo byggja m\u00e6tti enn meiri varnarvirki. F\u00e1t\u00e6kt f\u00f3lk hefur unnv\u00f6rpum veri\u00f0 flutt hreppaflutningum \u00e1 milli hverfa gegn vilja s\u00ednum.<\/p>\n
Borgir eru d\u00e1samleg fyrirb\u00e6ri \u2013 en \u00feegar \u00fe\u00e6r taka a\u00f0 vaxa of hratt getur \u00fdmislegt fari\u00f0 \u00farskei\u00f0is. Umhverfisvandam\u00e1l \u00f6rt st\u00e6kkandi \u201eofurborga\u201c \u00e1 bor\u00f0 vi\u00f0 Jakarta eru me\u00f0al st\u00e6rstu \u00farlausnarefna okkar daga. Mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 sp\u00e1r um fj\u00f6lgun borgarb\u00faa fram til 2050 mun ekki ver\u00f0a verkefnalaust \u00e1 \u00feessu svi\u00f0i. Miki\u00f0 af vanda \u00feessarar tilteknu borgar hef\u00f0i m\u00e1tt leysa me\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0u skipulagi \u2013 \u00ed t\u00edma. \u00dev\u00ed hefur \u00fev\u00ed mi\u00f0ur ekki veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 heilsa \u00fearna. Umhverfis- og skipulagsm\u00e1l krefjast enn fremur au\u00f0m\u00fdktar af h\u00e1lfu yfirvalda og samr\u00e1\u00f0s vi\u00f0 \u00edb\u00faa, sem l\u00edka vir\u00f0ist nokku\u00f0 hafa skort \u00e1 \u00ed \u00feessu d\u00e6mi. \u00c9g vona samt a\u00f0 einhverjir \u00far borgarskipulagsapparatinu \u00ed Jakarta geri s\u00e9r fer\u00f0 af og til \u00fat \u00ed f\u00e1t\u00e6krahverfin til a\u00f0 heyra sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0 \u00feeirra sem \u00fear hafa gert s\u00e9r heimili. Og f\u00e1 s\u00e9r bita \u00ed lei\u00f0inni.<\/p>\n
(Birtist fyrst 9. apr\u00edl 2017 \u00e1 vefnum Umhverfisfr\u00e9ttir<\/a>)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00c1 d\u00f6gunum \u00e1tti \u00e9g lei\u00f0 um Jakarta, h\u00f6fu\u00f0borg fj\u00f3r\u00f0a fj\u00f6lmennasta r\u00edkis heims \u2013 Ind\u00f3nes\u00edu. \u00c9g var staddur s\u00ed\u00f0degis \u00ed gamla b\u00e6num, Kota Tua, \u00feegar f\u00f3r a\u00f0 rigna. Og \u00fea\u00f0 engin mild \u00edslensk rigning, heldur hressilegt hitabeltis\u00farfelli. \u00c9g leita\u00f0i skj\u00f3ls undir tjaldi hj\u00e1 g\u00f6tus\u00f6lum sem h\u00f6f\u00f0u sett upp matarvagna s\u00edna \u00fearna. \u00c1 skammri stundu breyttust g\u00f6turnar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":186,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-434","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/kben\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/434","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/kben\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/kben\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/kben\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/186"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/kben\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=434"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/kben\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/434\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":458,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/kben\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/434\/revisions\/458"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/kben\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=434"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/kben\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=434"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/kben\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=434"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}