{"id":413,"date":"2026-03-16T09:15:20","date_gmt":"2026-03-16T09:15:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/martin\/?p=413"},"modified":"2026-03-16T09:15:20","modified_gmt":"2026-03-16T09:15:20","slug":"hugleidingar-um-hlitarnam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/martin\/2026\/03\/16\/hugleidingar-um-hlitarnam\/","title":{"rendered":"Huglei\u00f0ingar um hl\u00edtarn\u00e1m"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00dea\u00f0 var l\u00edklega vori\u00f0 2015 \u00feegar \u00e9g var a\u00f0 lj\u00faka m\u00ednu \u00f6\u00f0ru \u00e1ri \u00ed kennslu \u00ed Brei\u00f0holtssk\u00f3la sem \u00e9g var\u00f0 hrifinn af n\u00e1lgun sem \u00e9g s\u00ed\u00f0ar tengdi vi\u00f0 hugtaki\u00f0 hl\u00edtarn\u00e1m (e. mastery learning). \u00c9g var a\u00f0 m\u00f3ta hugmyndir m\u00ednar um a\u00f0 stilla upp n\u00e1msefni \u00ed \u00e1kve\u00f0na r\u00f6\u00f0 en upphaflega hugmyndin var a\u00f0 stilla kennslustundum upp me\u00f0 innl\u00f6gn og verklegu \u00e1 v\u00edxl.<\/p>\n

\u00deetta gekk a\u00f0 mestu leyti, en \u00e9g t\u00f3k eftir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 stundum f\u00f3r innl\u00f6gnin fyrir ofan gar\u00f0 og ne\u00f0an hj\u00e1 nemendum svo \u00feau voru ekki undirb\u00fain undir verklegu t\u00edmana. Og janfvel \u00feegar \u00feau voru f\u00e6r (e\u00f0a f\u00e6r um a\u00f0 vera f\u00e6r) um a\u00f0 framkv\u00e6ma verklegu \u00e6finguna skorti \u00feau yfirleitt hvatann til a\u00f0 kl\u00e1ra.<\/p>\n

\u00c9g ger\u00f0i mitt besta til a\u00f0 gera \u00feetta \u00e1hugavert og oft var uppbroti\u00f0 fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 sitja vi\u00f0 b\u00f3k e\u00f0a st\u00edlab\u00f3k n\u00f3g. En ekki alltaf.<\/p>\n

M\u00edn vi\u00f0br\u00f6g\u00f0 voru a\u00f0 pr\u00f3fa mig \u00e1fram vi\u00f0 \u00fatg\u00e1fu af vendikennslu. \u00c9g \u00fatbj\u00f3 sk\u00fdringarefni fyrir verklega \u00e6fingu sem \u00feau g\u00e6tu sko\u00f0a\u00f0 \u00e1 s\u00ednum hra\u00f0a og svo stu\u00f0st vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 ef \u00feau gleymdu einhverju. Upphaflega kom \u00feetta sem \u00f6r\u00ferifar\u00e1\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed \u00e9g var me\u00f0 bekk sem samanst\u00f3\u00f0 af b\u00e6\u00f0i mj\u00f6g \u00e1hugas\u00f6mu og \u00e1hugalitlum nemendum. Vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 vinna verklega \u00e6fingu og hluti h\u00f3psins haf\u00f0i kl\u00e1ra\u00f0 en hinn (st\u00e6rri) hlutinn \u00e1tti helminginn eftir. \u00c9g vildi \u00f3m\u00f6gulega gera \u00e1hugas\u00f6mu nemendunum \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 sitja vi\u00f0 eitthva\u00f0 uppfyllingarverkefni svo \u00feetta var lei\u00f0 til a\u00f0 b\u00faa til efni sem g\u00e6fi nemendum t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri til a\u00f0 vinna \u00e1 eigin hra\u00f0a.<\/p>\n

\u00dev\u00ed mi\u00f0ur gafst m\u00e9r ekki t\u00edmi til a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00f3a efni\u00f0 frekar en \u00feetta blunda\u00f0i alltaf \u00ed m\u00e9r og var\u00f0 \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 \u00e9g f\u00f3r a\u00f0 hugsa r\u00f3tt\u00e6kari uppstokkun \u00e1 n\u00e1minu og a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 g\u00e6ti veri\u00f0 m\u00f6rgum nemendum hvati a\u00f0 stilla n\u00e1minu upp sem 11 vikna samfelldri vinnu \u00ed 14 vikna lotu. \u00deannig g\u00e6tu \u00feau lagt hart a\u00f0 s\u00e9r og kl\u00e1ra\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00ferj\u00e1r vikur \u00ed lokin (sem \u00feau g\u00e6tu \u00fe\u00e1 n\u00fdtt til a\u00f0 kl\u00e1ra verkefni \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum f\u00f6gum e\u00f0a \u00feess vegna bara sl\u00e6pst).<\/p>\n

Me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 frelsa kennara og nemendur \u00far \u00fev\u00ed formi a\u00f0 allir \u00feurfi a\u00f0 vera samt\u00edma \u00ed innl\u00f6gn og verkefnum b\u00faum vi\u00f0 til t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri til a\u00f0 setja l\u00e1gmarkskr\u00f6fur \u00e1 verkefni \u2014 og raunverulega fylgja \u00feeim eftir! \u00deetta fannst m\u00e9r l\u00edka bj\u00f3\u00f0a upp \u00e1 g\u00f3\u00f0a n\u00e1lgun \u00e1 b\u00f3kstafaeinkunnirnar. Ef \u00fe\u00fa n\u00e6r\u00f0 a\u00f0 ekki a\u00f0 kl\u00e1ra efni lotunnar \u00e1 fulln\u00e6gjandi h\u00e1tt f\u00e6r\u00f0u C, ef \u00fe\u00fa kl\u00e1rar \u00e1 fulln\u00e6gjandi h\u00e1tt f\u00e6r\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fa B, og ef \u00fe\u00fa n\u00e6r\u00f0 a\u00f0 kl\u00e1ra helming verkefna \u00e1 h\u00e1tt sem fer fram \u00far v\u00e6ntingum, f\u00e6r\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fa fram\u00farskarandi einkunnina A.<\/p>\n

\u00c9g var \u00fe\u00f3 of ragur vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 m\u00e1ta \u00feetta vi\u00f0 sk\u00f3lastj\u00f3rann en v\u00e6ri \u00e1hugasamur um a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 eitthva\u00f0 gert \u00ed \u00feessa \u00e1tt. Ger\u00f0i heldur ekkert meira \u00ed \u00feessu en fr\u00e9tti \u00fatundan m\u00e9r a\u00f0 til v\u00e6ri hugtaki\u00f0 mastery learning<\/em> sem \u00e9g s\u00ed\u00f0ar fr\u00e9tti a\u00f0 kalla\u00f0ist hl\u00edtarn\u00e1m<\/em> \u00e1 \u00edslensku.<\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 er \u00e1skorun a\u00f0 \u00fatf\u00e6ra hl\u00edtarn\u00e1m \u00ed \u00edslenska sk\u00f3lakerfinu, s\u00e9r \u00ed lagi \u00ed st\u00f6ku fagi\/bekk\/n\u00e1mskei\u00f0i. En \u00e9g hugsa a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u00feess vir\u00f0i a\u00f0 reyna a\u00f0 n\u00e1lgast \u00fea\u00f0.<\/p>\n

N\u00fdlega rakst \u00e9g \u00e1 greinina Masters of None: The Flawed Logic of One-Size-Fits-All Education<\/em><\/a> eftir Michael D. Smith, en hana vann hann upp \u00far kafla \u00ed b\u00f3k sinni, The Abundant University: Remaking Higher Education for a Digital World<\/a>, fr\u00e1 \u00e1rinu 2023. Smith rekur hl\u00edtarn\u00e1mshugmyndina til Benjamin Bloom og f\u00e6rir fyrir henni r\u00f6k bygg\u00f0 \u00e1 ranns\u00f3knum Bloom. \u00dea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri \u00e1hugavert a\u00f0 s\u00f6kkva s\u00e9r \u00ed s\u00ed\u00f0ari ranns\u00f3knir til a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 hva\u00f0 s\u00e9 b\u00fai\u00f0 a\u00f0 gera \u00ed millit\u00ed\u00f0inni, en \u00fea\u00f0 ver\u00f0 \u00e9g a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta b\u00ed\u00f0a betri t\u00edma.<\/p>\n

\"TheS\u00ed\u00f0ari hluti b\u00f3karinnar fjallar svo um \u00f6nnur atri\u00f0i sem hann tengir vi\u00f0 hl\u00edtarn\u00e1mi\u00f0 en m\u00e9r finnst snerta frekar \u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum prakt\u00edskum str\u00fakt\u00faratri\u00f0um h\u00e1sk\u00f3lakennslunnar eins og \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 s\u00e9rfr\u00e6\u00f0ingar (e. specialist<\/em>) \u00ed ranns\u00f3knum skuli kenna sem fj\u00f6lfr\u00e6\u00f0ingar (e. generalist<\/em>), og \u00fe\u00f6rf h\u00e1sk\u00f3lans \u00e1 a\u00f0 tryggja kennurum nemendur svo \u00feeir uppfylli kennsluskyldu s\u00edna (sbr. d\u00e6mi Steven Levitt sem f\u00e9kk ekki a\u00f0 kenna vins\u00e6lt n\u00e1mskei\u00f0 \u00ed 300 manna sal vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 a\u00f0rir kennarar voru \u00f3s\u00e1ttir vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 vera me\u00f0 svo f\u00e1a nemendur \u00ed t\u00edmum hj\u00e1 s\u00e9r).<\/p>\n

Menntun er s\u00edbreytileg og margt \u00e1hugavert \u00ed deiglunni (og anna\u00f0 sem vekur r\u00e9ttm\u00e6tan ugg) og vonandi sj\u00e1um vi\u00f0 t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri til a\u00f0 \u00fatf\u00e6ra styrkleika hl\u00edtarn\u00e1msins \u00ed kennslu h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi \u00e1 n\u00e6stunni.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00dea\u00f0 var l\u00edklega vori\u00f0 2015 \u00feegar \u00e9g var a\u00f0 lj\u00faka m\u00ednu \u00f6\u00f0ru \u00e1ri \u00ed kennslu \u00ed Brei\u00f0holtssk\u00f3la sem \u00e9g var\u00f0 hrifinn af n\u00e1lgun sem \u00e9g…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1485,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[171630],"tags":[171632,171633],"class_list":["post-413","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uppeldis-og-menntunarfraedi","tag-hlitarnam","tag-vendikennsla"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/martin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/413","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/martin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/martin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/martin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1485"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/martin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=413"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/martin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/413\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":414,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/martin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/413\/revisions\/414"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/martin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=413"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/martin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=413"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/martin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=413"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}