{"id":22,"date":"2020-02-18T23:16:43","date_gmt":"2020-02-18T23:16:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/uni.hi.is\/unnurk\/?page_id=22"},"modified":"2020-02-20T22:01:17","modified_gmt":"2020-02-20T22:01:17","slug":"thar-sem-fossarnir-falla","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/unnurk\/fraedirit\/thar-sem-fossarnir-falla\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dear sem fossarnir falla"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hlaut vi\u00f0urkenningu \u00far Gj\u00f6f J\u00f3ns Sigur\u00f0ssonar<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tilnefnd til vi\u00f0urkenningar Hag\u00feenkis<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tilnefnd til Menningarver\u00f0launa DV
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c1t\u00f6k um n\u00e1tt\u00faru \u00cdslands einkenna \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9lagsumr\u00e6\u00f0una \u00ed byrjun 21. aldar. R\u00e6tur \u00e1greinings um samb\u00fa\u00f0 lands og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ar liggja \u00ed \u00fdmsum hugmyndastefnum sem m\u00f3ta\u00f0 hafa n\u00e1tt\u00farus\u00fdn \u00cdslendinga s\u00ed\u00f0ustu hundra\u00f0 \u00e1rin, eins og raki\u00f0 er \u00ed b\u00f3kinni \u00dear sem fossarnir falla<\/strong>. N\u00e1tt\u00farus\u00fdn og n\u00fdting fallvatna 1900-2008<\/strong>.
\n<\/em><\/p>\n

B\u00f3kin er bygg\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00edtarlegri ranns\u00f3kn \u00e1 umr\u00e6\u00f0u um n\u00e1tt\u00faru og vatnsorku \u00e1 \u00cdslandi og setur \u00edslenska n\u00e1tt\u00farus\u00fdn jafnframt \u00ed samhengi vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6r stefnur og strauma \u00ed vestr\u00e6nni n\u00e1tt\u00farus\u00fdn sem skipta m\u00e1li til a\u00f0 skilja \u00feessa s\u00f6gu. Tv\u00e6r meginspurningar eru haf\u00f0ar a\u00f0 lei\u00f0arlj\u00f3si. Annars vegar spurningin um hvernig \u00edslensk n\u00e1tt\u00farus\"\"<\/a>\u00fdn \u00fer\u00f3a\u00f0ist fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed um 1900-2008. Hins vegar spurningin um hva\u00f0a \u00fe\u00e6ttir b\u00faa \u00ed n\u00e1tt\u00farus\u00fdn \u00cdslendinga sem lei\u00f0a til \u00feess a\u00f0 dj\u00fapst\u00e6\u00f0ur \u00e1greiningur hefur veri\u00f0 um vatnsaflsvirkjanir \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1rum.<\/p>\n

B\u00f3kin varpar lj\u00f3si \u00e1 n\u00e1tt\u00farus\u00fdn \u00cdslendinga, \u00e1 20. \u00f6ld og fyrstu \u00e1rum \u00feeirrar 21., eins og h\u00fan birtist \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0u um n\u00fdtingu vatnsaflsins. Grein er ger\u00f0 fyrir hugmyndum um samb\u00fa\u00f0 lands og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ar, og um n\u00e1tt\u00faru- og umhverfisvernd. Fjalla\u00f0 er um umr\u00e6\u00f0u um virkjanir allt fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed um 1900 fram til \u00e1rsins 2008, og dregi\u00f0 fram hva\u00f0a sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0 st\u00fdra r\u00f6kum manna me\u00f0 og \u00e1 m\u00f3ti n\u00fdtingu fallvatna.\u00a0 Fjalla\u00f0 er um vi\u00f0horf til fossanna og n\u00fdtingar \u00feeirrar \u00e1 fyrsta fj\u00f3r\u00f0ungi 20. aldar, fyrstu hugmyndir um verndun \u00feeirra, s\u00f6gu umr\u00e6\u00f0u og vi\u00f0horfa til Gullfoss allt fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed um 1900 til fyrstu \u00e1ra 21. aldar og hvern sess hann skipar n\u00fa \u00ed \u00edslenskri n\u00e1tt\u00farus\u00fdn. Einnig eru dregin fram \u00feau vi\u00f0horf til n\u00e1tt\u00farunnar sem fram komu \u00ed Lax\u00e1rdeilunni \u00ed kringum 1970 og \u00ed deilunni um \u00dej\u00f3rs\u00e1rver, sem st\u00f3\u00f0 \u00ed r\u00fama \u00ferj\u00e1 \u00e1ratugi. S\u00ed\u00f0asti hluti b\u00f3karinnar greinir \u00feau vi\u00f0horf sem r\u00e9\u00f0u fer\u00f0inni \u00ed deilunni um Flj\u00f3tsdalsvirkjun \u00ed kringum aldam\u00f3tin 2000 og s\u00ed\u00f0an um K\u00e1rahnj\u00fakavirkjun. A\u00f0 lokum er \u00feeirri spurningu varpa\u00f0 fram hvort einhver teikn hafi veri\u00f0 uppi, a\u00f0 lokinni hinni h\u00f6r\u00f0u deilu um virkjanir \u00e1 fyrstu \u00e1rum \u00feessarar aldar, um a\u00f0 h\u00fan hafi breytt einhverju \u00ed \u00edslenskri n\u00e1tt\u00farus\u00fdn, \u00fe.e. \u00ed afst\u00f6\u00f0u \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar til\u00a0 n\u00fdtingar og verndunar n\u00e1tt\u00faru.<\/p>\n

\u00cd b\u00f3kinni er \u00edslensk n\u00e1tt\u00farus\u00fdn sett \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legt samhengi me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 sko\u00f0a hvernig erlendar hugmyndastefnur sem snerta s\u00f6gu vi\u00f0horfa til n\u00e1tt\u00faru og umhverfism\u00e1la hafa haft \u00e1hrif \u00e1 \u00edslenska n\u00e1tt\u00farus\u00fdn s\u00ed\u00f0astli\u00f0in 100 \u00e1r. S\u00e9rstakur gaumur er gefinn a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed hvernig n\u00fdtingarstefna, r\u00f3mant\u00edska stefnan, \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernishyggja og tilteknir \u00fe\u00e6ttir \u00ed n\u00e1tt\u00faruverndar- og umhverfisverndarhyggju komu vi\u00f0 s\u00f6gu og m\u00f3tu\u00f0u n\u00e1tt\u00farus\u00fdn \u00cdslendinga \u00e1 ranns\u00f3knart\u00edmabilinu.<\/p>\n

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Ranns\u00f3knina byggi \u00e9g \u00e1 n\u00e1lgun umhverfiss\u00f6gunnar, en \u00fear eru ma\u00f0ur og n\u00e1tt\u00fara \u00ed brennidepli. Markmi\u00f0 b\u00f3karinnar er a\u00f0 draga fram \u00ed dagslj\u00f3si\u00f0 hva\u00f0a vi\u00f0horf til n\u00e1tt\u00farunnar kristallast \u00ed virkjanaumr\u00e6\u00f0unni, \u00fe.e. hvers konar mynd af \u00edslenskri n\u00e1tt\u00farus\u00fdn birtist \u00ed deilum \u00cdslendinga um virkjanir allt fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed um aldam\u00f3tin 1900 og fram til \u00feessa.<\/p>\n

Ranns\u00f3knin er doktorsritger\u00f0 vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands og a\u00f0allei\u00f0beinandi var dr. Gu\u00f0mundur H\u00e1lfdanarson sagnfr\u00e6\u00f0ingur, og me\u00f0lei\u00f0beinendur dr. Gunnar Karlsson sagnfr\u00e6\u00f0ingur og dr. Elfar Loftsson stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lafr\u00e6\u00f0ingur.<\/p>\n

Trausti J\u00f3nsson, s\u00e9rfr\u00e6\u00f0ingur \u00ed ve\u00f0urfarsranns\u00f3knum \u00e1 Ve\u00f0urstofu \u00cdslands og ritstj\u00f3ri umhverfisritra\u00f0ar B\u00f3kmenntaf\u00e9lagsins, ritst\u00fdr\u00f0i b\u00f3kinni og Hi\u00f0 \u00edslenska b\u00f3kmenntaf\u00e9lag gaf hana \u00fat \u00e1ri\u00f0 2010 \u00ed ritr\u00f6\u00f0inni Umhverfisrit B\u00f3kmenntaf\u00e9lagsins<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Styrkir:<\/strong><\/p>\n

* Riti\u00f0 hlaut styrki \u00far B\u00f3kmenntasj\u00f3\u00f0i, N\u00e1tt\u00faruverndarsj\u00f3\u00f0i P\u00e1lma J\u00f3nssonar, Rann\u00eds og Gj\u00f6f J\u00f3ns Sigur\u00f0ssonar.<\/p>\n

Kynning \u00fatgefanda:<\/strong><\/p>\n

* \u201e<\/em>H\u00e9r er vi\u00f0horfum til \u00edslenskrar n\u00e1tt\u00faru l\u00fdst eins og \u00feau birtast \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0u um vatnsaflsvirkjanir fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed um 1900 til 2008. Fylgt er sl\u00f3\u00f0 hugmyndafr\u00e6\u00f0ilegra \u00e1taka milli \u00feeirra sem l\u00f6g\u00f0u \u00e1herslu \u00e1 virkjun vatnsorkunnar og \u00feeirra sem h\u00e9ldu sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0um n\u00e1tt\u00faruverndar \u00e1 lofti. Stundum er nefnt a\u00f0 menn hafi \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernissinna\u00f0a afst\u00f6\u00f0u til \u00feessara m\u00e1la og vir\u00f0ist \u00fea\u00f0 sundra \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0inni \u00ed fylkingar. R\u00e6tur \u00e1greinings um samb\u00fa\u00f0 lands og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ar liggja auk \u00feess \u00ed fleiri stefnum sem m\u00f3ta\u00f0 hafa n\u00e1tt\u00farus\u00fdn \u00cdslendinga s\u00ed\u00f0ustu hundra\u00f0 \u00e1rin. F\u00e1tt vir\u00f0ist hafa breyst \u00e1 \u00feessum \u00e1rum. Enn takast \u00e1 n\u00e1nast \u00f3samr\u00fdmanleg sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0 n\u00fdtingar og verndunar, bygg\u00f0 \u00e1 ger\u00f3l\u00edkri n\u00e1tt\u00farus\u00fdn. \u00deessi m\u00e1l er rakin \u00ed b\u00f3kinni. Skemmst er a\u00f0 minnast deilna um Lax\u00e1 \u00ed A\u00f0aldal, virkjun ne\u00f0ri hluta \u00dej\u00f3rs\u00e1r, Flj\u00f3tsdals- og K\u00e1rahnj\u00fakavirkjunar og verndun \u00dej\u00f3rs\u00e1rvera. Ef Draumalandi\u00f0 var\u00f0 til umhugsunar, er \u00feessi b\u00f3k ekki s\u00ed\u00f0ri.<\/em>\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Hi\u00f0 \u00edslenska b\u00f3kmenntaf\u00e9lag,\u00a0 (http:\/\/www.hib.is\/index.php?s=bokaflokkar&bok=70<\/a>).<\/p>\n

Umsagnir og b\u00f3kard\u00f3mar: <\/strong><\/p>\n

* \u201e\u00c1t\u00f6kin um n\u00fdtingu n\u00e1tt\u00farunnar hafa klofi\u00f0 \u00edslenskt samf\u00e9lag \u00ed fylkingar \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1rum og munu gera \u00fea\u00f0 um \u00f3komna t\u00ed\u00f0. \u00deessi b\u00f3k sk\u00fdrir s\u00f6gu eins \u00fe\u00e1ttar \u00feessara \u00e1taka, \u00fe.e. bar\u00e1ttunnar um virkjun vatnsaflsins. H\u00fan er skyldulesning fyrir hvern \u00feann sem vill setja sig inn \u00ed \u00edslensk \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0m\u00e1l \u00e1 21. \u00f6ldinni.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Dr. Gu\u00f0mundur H\u00e1lfdanarson, pr\u00f3fessor \u00ed sagnfr\u00e6\u00f0i vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands.<\/p>\n

* \u201eH\u00f6fundur varpar sk\u00edru lj\u00f3si \u00e1 nokkur helstu \u00e1greiningsm\u00e1l sem tengst hafa virkjun vatnsfalla h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi. Umhugsunarvert er hversu f\u00e1tt vir\u00f0ist hafa breyst \u00e1 \u00feeirri \u00f6ld sem fr\u00e1s\u00f6gnin spannar. Enn takast \u00e1 n\u00e1nast \u00f3samr\u00fdmanleg sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0 n\u00fdtingar og verndunar, bygg\u00f0 \u00e1 ger\u00f3l\u00edkri n\u00e1tt\u00farus\u00fdn. A\u00f0 \u00feessari b\u00f3k er verulegur fengur fyrir alla sem hafa \u00e1huga \u00e1 tv\u00edbentu sambandi \u00cdslendinga vi\u00f0 n\u00e1tt\u00faru landsins.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Dr. Karl Benediktsson, pr\u00f3fessor \u00ed landfr\u00e6\u00f0i vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands.<\/p>\n

* \u201e<\/em>Kraftmiki\u00f0 fr\u00e6\u00f0irit um dj\u00fapst\u00e6tt \u00e1greiningsm\u00e1l sem lengi hefur skipt \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0inni \u00ed fylkingar og setur n\u00e1tt\u00farus\u00fdn og orkun\u00fdtingu \u00ed s\u00f6gulegt samhengi.<\/em>\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Vi\u00f0urkenningarr\u00e1\u00f0 Hag\u00feenkis,(http:\/\/hagthenkir.is\/frett\/tilnefnd_til_vidurkenningar_hagthenkis_2010<\/a>).<\/p>\n

* \u201e\u00c1 \u00e1hugaver\u00f0an og fr\u00f3\u00f0legan h\u00e1tt rekur h\u00f6fundur breytingar sem ur\u00f0u \u00e1 n\u00e1tt\u00farus\u00fdn \u00cdslendinga \u00e1 r\u00e9tt r\u00famri \u00f6ld, fr\u00e1 hugmyndum landsmanna um \u00fe\u00e1 m\u00f6guleika og umb\u00e6tur sem fylgja myndu rafv\u00e6\u00f0ingunni til hugmynda n\u00fat\u00edmans um fri\u00f0un n\u00e1tt\u00faru gegn st\u00f3rfelldri mannvirkjager\u00f0 og au\u00f0lindan\u00fdtingu.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

D\u00f3mnefnd \u00ed flokki fr\u00e6\u00f0a fyrir tilnefningar til Menningarverlauna DV (http:\/\/www.dv.is\/frettir\/2011\/2\/24\/allar-45-tilnefningarnar-til-menningarverdlauna-dv\/<\/a>).<\/p>\n

* \u201e<\/em>\u00cd \u00feessari b\u00f3k rekur h\u00f6fundur \u00e1 mj\u00f6g \u00e1hugaver\u00f0an og fr\u00f3\u00f0legan h\u00e1tt breytingar sem ur\u00f0u \u00e1 n\u00e1tt\u00farus\u00fdn \u00cdslendinga \u00e1 r\u00e9tt r\u00famri \u00f6ld, fr\u00e1 hugmyndunum um a\u00f0 virkja m\u00e6tti n\u00e1nast hva\u00f0a<\/em> fallvatn sem v\u00e6ri til a\u00f0 rafv\u00e6\u00f0a landi\u00f0, og til n\u00fat\u00edmans \u00feegar takast \u00e1<\/em> hugmyndir um n\u00e1tt\u00faru- og umvernd annars vegar, og hins vegar nau\u00f0syn \u00e1 n\u00fdtingu<\/em> og atvinnuuppbyggingu sem fylgja myndi st\u00f3rfelld mannvirkjager\u00f0. \u00deetta er mj\u00f6g<\/em> \u00fe\u00f6rf og t\u00edmab\u00e6r b\u00f3k.<\/em>\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Illugi J\u00f6kulsson, rith\u00f6fundur og bla\u00f0ama\u00f0ur, DV <\/em>10.3.2011 (http:\/\/www.dv.is\/blogg\/tresmidja\/2011\/3\/10\/vid-thurfum-fleiri-skyrslur\/<\/a>).<\/p>\n

* \u201e\u00cd b\u00f3kinni \u201c\u00dear sem fossarnir falla\u201d fjallar [Unnur] um hugmyndir landans um fossa\u00a0 og n\u00fdtingu \u00feeirra. \u00deetta er mj\u00f6g l\u00e6rd\u00f3msr\u00edk lesning, sama hva\u00f0a sko\u00f0anir sem f\u00f3lk hefur \u00e1 n\u00fdtingu vatnsafls, jar\u00f0varma og n\u00e1tt\u00faruvernd. \u00deetta er einmitt d\u00e6mi um grandvara og yfirvega\u00f0a vinnu fr\u00e6\u00f0imanns, sem \u00ed fullkomnum heimi myndi f\u00e6ra umr\u00e6\u00f0una um n\u00fdtingu og n\u00e1tt\u00faruvernd upp \u00e1 \u00e6\u00f0ra plan. En eins og \u00fev\u00ed mi\u00f0ur eru of m\u00f6rg d\u00e6mi um, \u00fe\u00e1 einkennast \u00edslenskar umr\u00e6\u00f0ur um deilum\u00e1l af upphr\u00f3punum, sleggjud\u00f3mum og rangf\u00e6rslum.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Arnar P\u00e1lsson, erf\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0ingur, 22.10.2010 (http:\/\/apalsson.blog.is\/blog\/apalsson\/entry\/1109042\/<\/a>).<\/p>\n

* \u201eB\u00f3k Unnar Birnu Karlsd\u00f3ttur segir mikla og mikilv\u00e6ga s\u00f6gu um umgengi okkar vi\u00f0 n\u00e1tt\u00faruau\u00f0lindir og uppbyggingu atvinnustarfsemi \u00e1 tuttugustu \u00f6ld og fram \u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1 \u00f6ld sem n\u00fa er n\u00fdlega hafin. \u00deetta er \u00e1hugaver\u00f0 og fr\u00f3\u00f0leg samantekt \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hvernig vi\u00f0horf manna til n\u00e1tt\u00faru sinnar og virkjanaframkv\u00e6mda hafa m\u00f3tast \u00e1 \u00feeim t\u00edma fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed \u00cdsland var eitt f\u00e1t\u00e6kasta land Evr\u00f3pu \u00fear til landsmenn t\u00f6ldu sig einhverja au\u00f0ugustu \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 heims \u00e1\u00f0ur en heldur slj\u00e1kka\u00f0i \u00ed f\u00f3lki eftir eitt stykki bankahrun.<\/em>\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Brynj\u00f3lfur \u00de\u00f3r Gu\u00f0mundsson, Mi\u00f0jan.is <\/em>21.12.2010 (http:\/\/midjan.is\/2010\/12\/21\/nattura-a-valdi-virkjana\/<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hlaut vi\u00f0urkenningu \u00far Gj\u00f6f J\u00f3ns Sigur\u00f0ssonar Tilnefnd til vi\u00f0urkenningar Hag\u00feenkis Tilnefnd til Menningarver\u00f0launa DV \u00c1t\u00f6k um n\u00e1tt\u00faru \u00cdslands einkenna \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9lagsumr\u00e6\u00f0una \u00ed byrjun 21. aldar. R\u00e6tur \u00e1greinings um samb\u00fa\u00f0 lands og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ar liggja \u00ed \u00fdmsum hugmyndastefnum sem m\u00f3ta\u00f0 hafa n\u00e1tt\u00farus\u00fdn \u00cdslendinga … Halda \u00e1fram a\u00f0 lesa →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1539,"featured_media":0,"parent":20,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-22","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/unnurk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/unnurk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/unnurk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/unnurk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1539"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/unnurk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/unnurk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":249,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/unnurk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22\/revisions\/249"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/unnurk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/unnurk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}