Category: Tech

Eclipse icon (and font) size

Helmut Neukirchen, 15. September 2025

For teaching (and for my eyes on a 4K screen), I need sometimes Eclipse with larger icons and UI fonts (the editor fonts can be easily adjusted within the Eclipse preferences).

What works for me (with X11) as described in https://linux-blog.anracom.com/2024/08/28/eclipse-too-small-icons-on-high-dpi-screens-workaround-for-kde-plasma-by-scaling-on-x11-and-wayland/

  • In the KDE display settings (at the very bottom of the configuration dialogue): set Global scale to 125% or 150%.
  • (Re-)Start eclipse via
     GDK_DPI_SCALE=0.5 GDK_SCALE=2 ./eclipse &

I also have in my home directory a .gtkrc-2.0 file and need to find out whether deleting it, would change anything -- some applies for the gnome-tweaks command.

Do AI coding assistants increase or decrease productivity?

Helmut Neukirchen, 9. September 2025

While I am teaching to use AI coding assistant, there have been recently two studies published that give an indication that AI coding assistants do actually decrease productivity:

One aspect is that developers learn over time about the project that they are working on whereas LLMs have been trained once and will always start from scratch in a project where they are used as coding assistants.

Icelandic government drafting bill on the future IT system of the Icelandic administration -- Opportunity to gain digital sovereignty

Helmut Neukirchen, 18. March 2025

Earlier this year, I have suggested together with other colleagues to the Icelandic government to use open-source software in order to save money. While we mentioned there already the opportunity to gain digital sovereignty, this has become even more important with the new administration in the U.S., i.e. being dependent on Microsoft or any other US software provider can be dangerous, because a "kill switch" could lead to making US software stop working and loosing access to your data that is stored in the cloud of an US company. Note that also European companies that use internally US-services are affected, e.g. while Spotify is Swedish, it uses both the Google and Amazon cloud for delivering their services. (And of course, this is not just about US services, but also about US operating systems, i.e. Microsoft Windows, Apple OS and iOS, and also the Google service in Android which might be a motivation to use Android without any Google services. Also everything with a firmware, e.g. a WiFi router or the BIOS of a computer, might either already have or get via firmware update a kill switch. While people got already sensitive concerning hardware from China, this could apply also to hardware that is developed elsewhere.)

The Dutch parliament just approved a series of motions calling on the Dutch government to reduce dependence on U.S. software companies.

Also, if you check the accesses to the web page of european-alternatives.eu you see that the interest European alternatives for digital service and products is rapidly increasing since mid of January 2025, i.e. when the new US administration came into office.

Currently, the Icelandic government is drafting a bill on the future IT system for the Icelandic administration:

  • A draft of a new bill has been made. While the 9 articles of the bill itself are very abstract (but give the finance minister more power on deciding centrally on the IT system), the justification that follows towards the end is more interesting to read.
  • The first reading was held at the parliament. While Microsoft has been mentioned a couple of times, also Open-Source was mentioned once.

The question is whether a system like Stafrænt Ísland ("Digital Iceland") is created where Icelandic companies win tenders offered by the state and then develop software for the island.is portal (that can be used to access digital government services) (and the developed software is even made available as open-source) or whether one gigantic Microsoft solution is introduced.

In fact, other states are already working on digital sovereignty, for example the German Zentrum Digitale Souveränität, or short: ZenDis, that is working on OpenDesk which is an open-source solution intended for governments and other public institutions as alternative to Microsoft services that are currently used. The German Army just signed a seven year framework contract with ZenDis to introduce OpenDesk.

Therefore, it would be exciting to see the Icelandic government offering tenders for integrating such software into the Icelandic government IT landscape and have then Iceland teams win these tenders. By this, digital sovereignty is achieved and Icelandic tax money stays in Iceland instead of feeding the big US tech companies and expertise is created and stays in Iceland.

I did not find that draft bill number 141 in the comment system of the parliament (umsagnagátt), but the above justification refers to comments that have been made earlier.

Update 10 Apr 2025:

Seem that I missed the window for comments: On 27.03.2025, a request for comments was issued and the deadline was til 06.04.2025. stakeholders have been asked for comments and comments came in right now.

P.S.: The Mozilla subsidiary Thunderbird has just announced that they will be offering Thundermail and Thunderbird-pro services" as an alternative too Google's GMail and Microsoft's Office365. Note that while the Thundermail web mail service is probably hosted in some cloud related to an US provider, the underlying software is supposed to become open-source so that you can host this on you own hardware. (This is anyway based on Stalwart that already provides such an open-source solution. In contrast to Mailcow it might be more commercial. A technical comparison can be found on reddit.

Update 19 May 2025:
Microsoft blocked the email account of Chief Prosecutor of the International Court of Justice after Trump's sanctions.. So, all the concerns became already reality.

Window tiling in KDE/Plasma

Helmut Neukirchen, 13. March 2025

With larger screens, tiling windows become an issue. While there are special tiling window managers, KDE/Plasma has built-in tiling:

  • System Settings -> Workspace Behaviour -> Screen Edges: enable Tile: Windows dragged to left or right edge: now you can drag windows to left or right edge and it gets tiled horizontally by half of the screen. Depending on the percentage at Trigger quarter tiling in: it depends on whether you drag the window to the upper or lower percentage of the screen to have the window vertically tiled by half of the screen. If you rather drag the window to the left or right centre of the screen, then the window will be only horizontally tiled but get full screen height.
  • System Settings -> Workspace Behaviour -> Screen Edges: enable Maximize: Windows dragged to the top edge: now you can drag windows to the top edge to maximize them.
  • To get horizontal tiling into three parts, you can hold the shift key while moving a window.
  • Unfortunately, there are no mouse gestures to tile a window vertically but have them horizontally full screen size. But there are keyboard combinations: super key (typically: the Windows key) and cursor keys tile the window by half of the screen size in the respective cursor key direction.

Li-ion batteries disguising as 1.5 V AA batteries with USB charging port

Helmut Neukirchen, 6. February 2025

While Eneloop batteries are the best NiMH AA and AAA batteries that you can get, they have only 1.2 V and some devices need in fact the full 1.5 V of a normal AA battery (e.g. 3.3 V logic that assumes 2 x 1.5 V AA batteries). Li-ion batteries can disguise as 1.5 V AA batteries by using a voltage regulator that step down the Li-ion voltage to 1.5 V. Newer variants have even a USB charging port built in, so that you can charge them without a NiMH charger, but just with any USB power source.

Such Li-ion-based AA batteries typically have two disadvantages:

  • The keep the 1.5 V as long as possible and when they are empty, they simply shut down: a device that assumes a normal 1.5 AA battery uses however the voltage drop that a AA 1.5 V battery has when it gets drained to display in advance whether the battery needs to be replaced. This will not work with the Li-ion-based batteries.
  • The Li-ion-based batteries can be deep discharged: while they have a protection circuit that switches them off, they recover after some time and the protection circuit enabled the battery again which drains them further and so on.

According to tests (in German), the Keeppower P1450TC (ca. 6.45 EUR with USB C charging port) seems currently to be the only exception that does not have that disadvantage. (However, it starts to drop the voltage somewhat too early so that devices that really need 1.5 V switch off far too early. Would be interesting to see whether future brings even better alternatives).

Reducing files size of PDFs

Helmut Neukirchen, 3. February 2025

Have Ghostscript installed, and then

gs -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -dCompatibilityLevel=1.4 -dPDFSETTINGS=/ebook -dNOPAUSE -dQUIET -dBATCH -sOutputFile=compressed_output.pdf input.pdf

The possible -dPDFSETTINGS are:

  • /screen selects low-resolution output similar to the Acrobat Distiller "Screen Optimized" setting.
  • /ebook selects medium-resolution output similar to the Acrobat Distiller "eBook" setting.
  • /printer selects output similar to the Acrobat Distiller "Print Optimized" setting.
  • /prepress selects output similar to Acrobat Distiller "Prepress Optimized" setting.
  • /default selects output intended to be useful across a wide variety of uses, possibly at the expense of a larger output file.

While there are online services that can compress such documents, these are of course not suitable for privacy-sensitive documents and may in addition insert malware into the created documents.

Adding IEEE copyright information to submission for arXiv

Helmut Neukirchen, 29. January 2025

Publishers, such as IEEE, typically allow to publish pre-prints on your home page or even arXiv.

But they want to have their copyright information added ("prominently displayed") before you upload a paper to arXiv, namely according to section 8.1.9 of their IEEE Publication Services and Products Board Operations Manual 2024:

“© 20xx IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission
from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future
media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or
promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or
redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted
component of this work in other works.”

What you need to do for IEEE:

In the LaTeX source, add (for an 2025 IEEE publication):


\usepackage{tikz}

\newcommand\copyrighttext{%
  \footnotesize \textcopyright 2025 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted.
  Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future
  media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional
  purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or
  lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.}
\newcommand\copyrightnotice{%
\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,overlay]
\node[anchor=south,yshift=10pt] at (current page.south) 
  {\fbox{\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-\fboxsep-\fboxrule\relax}{\copyrighttext}}};
\end{tikzpicture}%
}

and change \maketitle to


\maketitle
\copyrightnotice

As license in the arXiv web forms, use to arXiv org perpetual, non-exclusive license if IEEE owns in fact the copyright.

In addition to the official arXiv documentation, you can find also further documentation with screenshots of the submission process.

Zip the LaTeX sources and upload these to arXiv. Note that arXiv cannot handle filenames containing spaces.

https://ieeevis.org/year/2024/info/open-practices/arxiv-first-time-user

Do not forget to add later publisher's DOI

Once you have the DOI of the official publicatipn, the publisher want you to add this DOI to your arXiv submission metadata: In arXiv, use the Journal Ref field or to be more precise, the Journal version DOI: field for this in the arXiv web UI. Even this minor update might also take the usual 1-2 days at arXiv.

University of Iceland, Defend Iceland, Eyvör National Cybersecurity Coordination Centre Iceland (NCC-IS) at UT messan IT fair

Helmut Neukirchen, 26. January 2025

University of Iceland, Defend Iceland, Eyvör National Cybersecurity Coordination Centre Iceland (NCC-IS) will have a booth at the public visitor day at at UT messan 2025, the largest IT fair in Iceland. The visitor day is Saturday, 8 February 2025, 11:00-16:00, in Harpa.

We will showcase our cybersecurity lab, i.e. a computer server environment that allows to create virtualised environments to practise cybersecurity activities.

Furthermore, we will have a LEGO model of critical infrastructure in Iceland that show visually when services (that could be a service of a critical infrastructure) get hacked.

In addition, you can try to beat an AI in classification of remote sensing images.


This event is in the context of our cybersecurity activities and the ECCC/EU co-funded projects ICEDEF – Defend Iceland and Eyvör – the National Cybersecurity Coordination Centre of Iceland (NCC-IS).


Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect VPN client on Debian Bookworm

Helmut Neukirchen, 19. December 2024

To install a Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect VPN client on Debian Bookworm, the following should in principle be sufficient

apt install openconnect network-manager-openconnect network-manager-openconnect-gnome

However, this did not work with KDE/Plasma. I then tried logging in with Gnome as Desktop Environment and I got once shown the SSO (with MFA) web interface inside the the Openconnect window, but without further success, i.e. without establishing the VPN connection.

Then, I downloaded from the assets at https://github.com/yuezk/GlobalProtect-openconnect the most recent amd64 deb:
https://github.com/yuezk/GlobalProtect-openconnect/releases/download/v2.3.9/globalprotect-openconnect_2.3.9-1_amd64.deb
and installed a missing dependency using apt install libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 and then installed the downloaded deb.

I tried the graphical client (trial version working for 10 days only), but that did anyway not work. However, then the command line version finally worked:
sudo -E gpclient connect vpn.hi.is
It opens (probably using libwebkit2gtk that Debian had installed) a graphical Window for the SSO/MFA. Note that I had to re-run that command a couple of times until it finally worked.

Crossover Office Wine on Debian 12 Bookworm

Helmut Neukirchen, 16. December 2024

While I had never problems using Crossover Office on Debian, a fresh install on a fresh Debian 12 Bookworm revealed that 32 bit dynamic libraries were missing -- I got a message like:


Can't exec "bin/wineloader": No such file or directory at cxoffice/bin/wine line 1310.
wine:error: unable to start 'cxoffice/bin/wineloader': No such file or directory

To fix that, run:

cxoffice/bin/cxfix --auto

That should add the missing 32 bit libraries.

To check in addition for any other missing libraries: In the running crossover GUI:
Help -> System Information
to see if you are still missing any library. And indeed, still I needed to install apt install libcapi20-3 libosmesa6.

See also https://www.codeweavers.com/support/forums/general?t=26;msg=215738